Erol Fikrig, MD

• Durland Fish
• Heather Allore
• James Meek
• Manisha Juthani
• Michael Cappello
• Peter James Krause
• Robert Heimer
• Ruth R Montgomery

Bacteria; Epidemiology; Lyme Disease; Parasitology; Public Health; Ticks; Viruses; West Nile virus; Global Health; Ehrlichiosis; Malaria Vaccines; Borrelia burgdorferi; Infectious Disease Medicine

Infectious Diseases; Mosquito-borne Diseases; Tick-borne Diseases

• Metabolomic changes associated with acquired resistance to Ixodes scapularisCui Y, Matias J, Tang X, Cibichakravarthy B, DePonte K, Wu M, Fikrig E. Metabolomic changes associated with acquired resistance to Ixodes scapularis. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2023, 15: 102279. PMID: 37972499, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102279.
• Adiponectin in the mammalian host influences ticks’ acquisition of the Lyme disease pathogen BorreliaTang X, Cao Y, Booth C, Arora G, Cui Y, Matias J, Fikrig E. Adiponectin in the mammalian host influences ticks’ acquisition of the Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia. PLOS Biology 2023, 21: e3002331. PMID: 37862360, PMCID: PMC10619873, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002331.
• A ticking time bomb hidden in plain sightNarasimhan S, Fish D, Pedra J, Pal U, Fikrig E. A ticking time bomb hidden in plain sight. Science Translational Medicine 2023, 15: eadi7829. PMID: 37851823, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adi7829.
• Bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing highlight immune pathways induced in individuals during an Ixodes scapularis tick biteTang X, Lynn G, Cui Y, Cerny J, Arora G, Tomayko M, Craft J, Fikrig E. Bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing highlight immune pathways induced in individuals during an Ixodes scapularis tick bite. Infection And Immunity 2023, 91: e00282-23. PMID: 37846980, PMCID: PMC10652856, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00282-23.
• Development of an mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine against Lyme diseasePine M, Arora G, Hart T, Bettini E, Gaudette B, Muramatsu H, Tombácz I, Kambayashi T, Tam Y, Brisson D, Allman D, Locci M, Weissman D, Fikrig E, Pardi N. Development of an mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine against Lyme disease. Molecular Therapy 2023, 31: 2702-2714. PMID: 37533256, PMCID: PMC10492027, DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.07.022.
• Specific mRNA lipid nanoparticles and acquired resistance to ticksMatias J, Cui Y, Tang X, Sajid A, Arora G, Wu M, DePonte K, Muramatsu H, Tam Y, Narasimhan S, Pardi N, Weissman D, Fikrig E. Specific mRNA lipid nanoparticles and acquired resistance to ticks. Vaccine 2023, 41: 4996-5002. PMID: 37407406, PMCID: PMC10530371, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.06.081.
• A mosquito AgTRIO mRNA vaccine contributes to immunity against malariaChuang Y, Alameh M, Abouneameh S, Raduwan H, Ledizet M, Weissman D, Fikrig E. A mosquito AgTRIO mRNA vaccine contributes to immunity against malaria. Npj Vaccines 2023, 8: 88. PMID: 37286568, PMCID: PMC10244833, DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00679-x.
• Vaccinia Virus Strain MVA Expressing a Prefusion-Stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Induces Robust Protection and Prevents Brain Infection in Mouse and Hamster ModelsLorenzo M, Marín-López A, Chiem K, Jimenez-Cabello L, Ullah I, Utrilla-Trigo S, Calvo-Pinilla E, Lorenzo G, Moreno S, Ye C, Park J, Matía A, Brun A, Sánchez-Puig J, Nogales A, Mothes W, Uchil P, Kumar P, Ortego J, Fikrig E, Martinez-Sobrido L, Blasco R. Vaccinia Virus Strain MVA Expressing a Prefusion-Stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Induces Robust Protection and Prevents Brain Infection in Mouse and Hamster Models. Vaccines 2023, 11: 1006. PMID: 37243110, PMCID: PMC10220993, DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11051006.
• Croquemort elicits activation of the immune deficiency pathway in ticksO’Neal A, Singh N, Rolandelli A, Laukaitis H, Wang X, Shaw D, Young B, Narasimhan S, Dutta S, Snyder G, Samaddar S, Marnin L, Butler L, Mendes M, Paz F, Valencia L, Sundberg E, Fikrig E, Pal U, Weber D, Pedra J. Croquemort elicits activation of the immune deficiency pathway in ticks. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2023, 120: e2208673120. PMID: 37155900, PMCID: PMC10193931, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208673120.
• Frankenbacteriosis targeting interactions between pathogen and symbiont to control infection in the tick vectorMazuecos L, Alberdi P, Hernández-Jarguín A, Contreras M, Villar M, Cabezas-Cruz A, Simo L, González-García A, Díaz-Sánchez S, Neelakanta G, Bonnet S, Fikrig E, de la Fuente J. Frankenbacteriosis targeting interactions between pathogen and symbiont to control infection in the tick vector. IScience 2023, 26: 106697. PMID: 37168564, PMCID: PMC10165458, DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106697.
• Malaria: influence of Anopheles mosquito saliva on Plasmodium infectionArora G, Chuang Y, Sinnis P, Dimopoulos G, Fikrig E. Malaria: influence of Anopheles mosquito saliva on Plasmodium infection. Trends In Immunology 2023, 44: 256-265. PMID: 36964020, PMCID: PMC10074230, DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.02.005.
• Mosquito Salivary Proteins and Arbovirus Infection: From Viral Enhancers to Potential Targets for VaccinesMarín-López A, Raduwan H, Chen T, Utrilla-Trigo S, Wolfhard D, Fikrig E. Mosquito Salivary Proteins and Arbovirus Infection: From Viral Enhancers to Potential Targets for Vaccines. Pathogens 2023, 12: 371. PMID: 36986293, PMCID: PMC10054260, DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030371.
• Repeated Tick Infestations Impair Borrelia burgdorferi Transmission in a Non-Human Primate Model of Tick FeedingNarasimhan S, Booth C, Philipp M, Fikrig E, Embers M. Repeated Tick Infestations Impair Borrelia burgdorferi Transmission in a Non-Human Primate Model of Tick Feeding. Pathogens 2023, 12: 132. PMID: 36678479, PMCID: PMC9861725, DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12010132.
• Dome1–JAK–STAT signaling between parasite and host integrates vector immunity and developmentRana V, Kitsou C, Dutta S, Ronzetti M, Zhang M, Bernard Q, Smith A, Tomás-Cortázar J, Yang X, Wu M, Kepple O, Li W, Dwyer J, Matias J, Baljinnyam B, Oliver J, Rajeevan N, Pedra J, Narasimhan S, Wang Y, Munderloh U, Fikrig E, Simeonov A, Anguita J, Pal U. Dome1–JAK–STAT signaling between parasite and host integrates vector immunity and development. Science 2023, 379: eabl3837. PMID: 36634189, PMCID: PMC10122270, DOI: 10.1126/science.abl3837.
• Aedes aegypti anti-salivary proteins IgG levels in a cohort of DENV-like symptoms subjects from a dengue-endemic region in ColombiaOlajiga O, Marin-Lopez A, Cardenas J, Gutierrez-Silva L, Gonzales-Pabon M, Maldonado-Ruiz L, Worges M, Fikrig E, Park Y, Londono-Renteria B. Aedes aegypti anti-salivary proteins IgG levels in a cohort of DENV-like symptoms subjects from a dengue-endemic region in Colombia. Frontiers In Epidemiology 2022, 2: 1002857. PMID: 38455331, PMCID: PMC10910902, DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2022.1002857.
• A tick C1q protein alters infectivity of the Lyme disease agent by modulating interferon γTang X, Arora G, Matias J, Hart T, Cui Y, Fikrig E. A tick C1q protein alters infectivity of the Lyme disease agent by modulating interferon γ. Cell Reports 2022, 41: 111673. PMID: 36417869, PMCID: PMC9909562, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111673.
• Tick transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi to the murine host is not influenced by environmentally acquired midgut microbiotaNarasimhan S, Rajeevan N, Graham M, Wu MJ, DePonte K, Marion S, Masson O, O’Neal A, Pedra JHF, Sonenshine DE, Fikrig E. Tick transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi to the murine host is not influenced by environmentally acquired midgut microbiota. Microbiome 2022, 10: 173. PMID: 36253842, PMCID: PMC9575305, DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01378-w.
• CD55 Facilitates Immune Evasion by Borrelia crocidurae, an Agent of Relapsing FeverArora G, Lynn GE, Tang X, Rosen CE, Hoornstra D, Sajid A, Hovius JW, Palm NW, Ring AM, Fikrig E. CD55 Facilitates Immune Evasion by Borrelia crocidurae, an Agent of Relapsing Fever. MBio 2022, 13: e01161-22. PMID: 36036625, PMCID: PMC9600505, DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01161-22.
• Immunization of guinea pigs with cement extract induces resistance against Ixodes scapularis ticksLynn GE, Černý J, Kurokawa C, Diktaş H, Matias J, Sajid A, Arora G, DePonte K, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E. Immunization of guinea pigs with cement extract induces resistance against Ixodes scapularis ticks. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2022, 13: 102017. PMID: 35963188, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102017.
• Erratum to “AgBR1 and NeSt1 antisera protect mice from Aedes aegypti-borne Zika infection” [Vaccine 39(12) (2021) 1675–1679]Marin-Lopez A, Wang Y, Jiang J, Ledizet M, Fikrig E. Erratum to “AgBR1 and NeSt1 antisera protect mice from Aedes aegypti-borne Zika infection” [Vaccine 39(12) (2021) 1675–1679]. Vaccine 2022, 40: 5404-5405. PMID: 35907678, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.05.024.
• Use of host lipids by the Lyme disease spirochete may lead to biomarkersArora G, Hart T, Fikrig E. Use of host lipids by the Lyme disease spirochete may lead to biomarkers. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2022, 132: e158254. PMID: 35289311, PMCID: PMC8920323, DOI: 10.1172/jci158254.
• Correction: The Lyme disease agent co-opts adiponectin receptor-mediated signaling in its arthropod vectorTang X, Cao Y, Arora G, Hwang J, Sajid A, Brown CL, Mehta S, Marín-López A, Chuang YM, Wu MJ, Ma H, Pal U, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E. Correction: The Lyme disease agent co-opts adiponectin receptor-mediated signaling in its arthropod vector. ELife 2022, 11: e77794. PMID: 35179491, PMCID: PMC8856650, DOI: 10.7554/elife.77794.
• Immunomodulation by Mosquito Salivary Protein AgSAP Contributes to Early Host Infection by PlasmodiumArora G, Sajid A, Chuang YM, Dong Y, Gupta A, Gambardella K, DePonte K, Almeras L, Dimopolous G, Fikrig E. Immunomodulation by Mosquito Salivary Protein AgSAP Contributes to Early Host Infection by Plasmodium. MBio 2021, 12: e03091-21. PMID: 34903042, PMCID: PMC8669493, DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03091-21.
• Tick immunity using mRNA, DNA and protein-based Salp14 delivery strategiesMatias J, Kurokawa C, Sajid A, Narasimhan S, Arora G, Diktas H, Lynn GE, DePonte K, Pardi N, Valenzuela JG, Weissman D, Fikrig E. Tick immunity using mRNA, DNA and protein-based Salp14 delivery strategies. Vaccine 2021, 39: 7661-7668. PMID: 34862075, PMCID: PMC8671329, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.003.
• mRNA vaccination induces tick resistance and prevents transmission of the Lyme disease agentSajid A, Matias J, Arora G, Kurokawa C, DePonte K, Tang X, Lynn G, Wu MJ, Pal U, Strank NO, Pardi N, Narasimhan S, Weissman D, Fikrig E. mRNA vaccination induces tick resistance and prevents transmission of the Lyme disease agent. Science Translational Medicine 2021, 13: eabj9827. PMID: 34788080, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj9827.
• The Lyme Disease agent co-opts adiponectin receptor-mediated signaling in its arthropod vectorTang X, Cao Y, Arora G, Hwang J, Sajid A, Brown CL, Mehta S, Marín-López A, Chuang YM, Wu MJ, Ma H, Pal U, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E. The Lyme Disease agent co-opts adiponectin receptor-mediated signaling in its arthropod vector. ELife 2021, 10: e72568. PMID: 34783654, PMCID: PMC8639152, DOI: 10.7554/elife.72568.
• A Mosquito AgTRIO Monoclonal Antibody Reduces Early Plasmodium Infection of MiceChuang YM, Tang XD, Fikrig E. A Mosquito AgTRIO Monoclonal Antibody Reduces Early Plasmodium Infection of Mice. Infection And Immunity 2021, 90: e00359-21. PMID: 34724388, PMCID: PMC8788779, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00359-21.
• Probing an Ixodes ricinus salivary gland yeast surface display with tick-exposed human sera to identify novel candidates for an anti-tick vaccineTrentelman JJA, Tomás-Cortázar J, Knorr S, Barriales D, Hajdusek O, Sima R, Ersoz JI, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E, Nijhof AM, Anguita J, Hovius JW. Probing an Ixodes ricinus salivary gland yeast surface display with tick-exposed human sera to identify novel candidates for an anti-tick vaccine. Scientific Reports 2021, 11: 15745. PMID: 34344917, PMCID: PMC8333314, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92538-9.
• Aedes aegypti SNAP and a calcium transporter ATPase influence dengue virus disseminationMarin-Lopez A, Jiang J, Wang Y, Cao Y, MacNeil T, Hastings AK, Fikrig E. Aedes aegypti SNAP and a calcium transporter ATPase influence dengue virus dissemination. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021, 15: e0009442. PMID: 34115766, PMCID: PMC8195420, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009442.
• Tick host immunity: vector immunomodulation and acquired tick resistanceKitsou C, Fikrig E, Pal U. Tick host immunity: vector immunomodulation and acquired tick resistance. Trends In Immunology 2021, 42: 554-574. PMID: 34074602, PMCID: PMC10089699, DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.05.005.
• Grappling with the tick microbiomeNarasimhan S, Swei A, Abouneameh S, Pal U, Pedra JHF, Fikrig E. Grappling with the tick microbiome. Trends In Parasitology 2021, 37: 722-733. PMID: 33962878, PMCID: PMC8282638, DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2021.04.004.
• AgBR1 and NeSt1 antisera protect mice from Aedes aegypti-borne Zika infectionMarin-Lopez A, Wang Y, Jiang J, Ledizet M, Fikrig E. AgBR1 and NeSt1 antisera protect mice from Aedes aegypti-borne Zika infection. Vaccine 2021, 39: 1675-1679. PMID: 33622591, PMCID: PMC7990057, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.01.072.
• Interactions Between Ticks and Lyme Disease SpirochetesPal U, Kitsou C, Drecktrah D, Yaş Ö, Fikrig E. Interactions Between Ticks and Lyme Disease Spirochetes. 2021 DOI: 10.21775/9781913652616.11.
• Potential impacts of climate change on medically important tick species in North America.Lynn G, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E. Potential impacts of climate change on medically important tick species in North America. 2021, 145-151. DOI: 10.1079/9781789249637.0021.
• Acquired tick resistance: The trail is hotNarasimhan S, Kurokawa C, DeBlasio M, Matias J, Sajid A, Pal U, Lynn G, Fikrig E. Acquired tick resistance: The trail is hot. Parasite Immunology 2020, 43: e12808. PMID: 33187012, PMCID: PMC8058238, DOI: 10.1111/pim.12808.
• The Effects of A Mosquito Salivary Protein on Sporozoite Traversal of Host Cells.Chuang YM, Agunbiade TA, Tang XD, Freudzon M, Almeras L, Fikrig E. The Effects of A Mosquito Salivary Protein on Sporozoite Traversal of Host Cells. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2020, 224: 544-553. PMID: 33306099, PMCID: PMC8328219, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa759.
• Interactions Between Ticks and Lyme Disease Spirochetes.Pal U, Kitsou C, Drecktrah D, Yaş ÖB, Fikrig E. Interactions Between Ticks and Lyme Disease Spirochetes. Current Issues In Molecular Biology 2020, 42: 113-144. PMID: 33289683, PMCID: PMC8045411, DOI: 10.21775/cimb.042.113.
• Naturally Acquired Resistance to Ixodes scapularis Elicits Partial Immunity against Other Tick Vectors in a Laboratory HostLynn GE, Diktas H, DePonte K, Fikrig E. Naturally Acquired Resistance to Ixodes scapularis Elicits Partial Immunity against Other Tick Vectors in a Laboratory Host. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2020, 104: 175-183. PMID: 33258439, PMCID: PMC7790098, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0776.
• An Ixodes scapularis Protein Disulfide Isomerase Contributes to Borrelia burgdorferi Colonization of the VectorCao Y, Rosen C, Arora G, Gupta A, Booth CJ, Murfin KE, Cerny J, Lopez A, Chuang YM, Tang X, Pal U, Ring A, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E. An Ixodes scapularis Protein Disulfide Isomerase Contributes to Borrelia burgdorferi Colonization of the Vector. Infection And Immunity 2020, 88: e00426-20. PMID: 32928964, PMCID: PMC7671890, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00426-20.
• A human secretome library screen reveals a role for Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 1 in Lyme borreliosisGupta A, Arora G, Rosen CE, Kloos Z, Cao Y, Cerny J, Sajid A, Hoornstra D, Golovchenko M, Rudenko N, Munderloh U, Hovius JW, Booth CJ, Jacobs-Wagner C, Palm NW, Ring AM, Fikrig E. A human secretome library screen reveals a role for Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 1 in Lyme borreliosis. PLOS Pathogens 2020, 16: e1009030. PMID: 33175909, PMCID: PMC7657531, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009030.
• A Critical Role for STING Signaling in Limiting Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus.Geng T, Lin T, Yang D, Harrison AG, Vella AT, Fikrig E, Wang P. A Critical Role for STING Signaling in Limiting Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2020, 223: 2186-2196. PMID: 33161431, PMCID: PMC8205639, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa694.
• Fractionation of tick saliva reveals proteins associated with the development of acquired resistance to Ixodes scapularisČerný J, Lynn G, DePonte K, Ledizet M, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E. Fractionation of tick saliva reveals proteins associated with the development of acquired resistance to Ixodes scapularis. Vaccine 2020, 38: 8121-8129. PMID: 33168347, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.087.
• CXCL10 Signaling Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Arthritogenic AlphavirusesLin T, Geng T, Harrison AG, Yang D, Vella AT, Fikrig E, Wang P. CXCL10 Signaling Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Arthritogenic Alphaviruses. Viruses 2020, 12: 1252. PMID: 33147869, PMCID: PMC7692144, DOI: 10.3390/v12111252.
• Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 controls Chikungunya virus infection through autophagy in miceYang L, Geng T, Yang G, Ma J, Wang L, Ketkar H, Yang D, Lin T, Hwang J, Zhu S, Wang Y, Dai J, You F, Cheng G, Vella AT, Flavell RA, Fikrig E, Wang P. Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 controls Chikungunya virus infection through autophagy in mice. Communications Biology 2020, 3: 556. PMID: 33033362, PMCID: PMC7545163, DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01285-6.
• Epigenetic Regulation of Tick Biology and Vectorial CapacityDe S, Kitsou C, Sonenshine DE, Pedra JHF, Fikrig E, Kassis JA, Pal U. Epigenetic Regulation of Tick Biology and Vectorial Capacity. Trends In Genetics 2020, 37: 8-11. PMID: 33020021, PMCID: PMC8008791, DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.09.012.
• Repeat tick exposure elicits distinct immune responses in guinea pigs and miceKurokawa C, Narasimhan S, Vidyarthi A, Booth CJ, Mehta S, Meister L, Diktas H, Strank N, Lynn GE, DePonte K, Craft J, Fikrig E. Repeat tick exposure elicits distinct immune responses in guinea pigs and mice. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2020, 11: 101529. PMID: 32993942, PMCID: PMC7530331, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101529.
• TRiC/CCT Complex, a Binding Partner of NS1 Protein, Supports the Replication of Zika Virus in Both Mammalians and MosquitoesWang Y, Uraki R, Hwang J, Fikrig E. TRiC/CCT Complex, a Binding Partner of NS1 Protein, Supports the Replication of Zika Virus in Both Mammalians and Mosquitoes. Viruses 2020, 12: 519. PMID: 32397176, PMCID: PMC7290343, DOI: 10.3390/v12050519.
• Vaccination with Aedes aegypti AgBR1 Delays Lethal Mosquito-Borne Zika Virus Infection in MiceWang Y, Marin-Lopez A, Jiang J, Ledizet M, Fikrig E. Vaccination with Aedes aegypti AgBR1 Delays Lethal Mosquito-Borne Zika Virus Infection in Mice. Vaccines 2020, 8: 145. PMID: 32218189, PMCID: PMC7348886, DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020145.
• Single cell immune profiling of dengue virus patients reveals intact immune responses to Zika virus with enrichment of innate immune signaturesZhao Y, Amodio M, Wyk B, Gerritsen B, Kumar MM, van Dijk D, Moon K, Wang X, Malawista A, Richards MM, Cahill ME, Desai A, Sivadasan J, Venkataswamy MM, Ravi V, Fikrig E, Kumar P, Kleinstein SH, Krishnaswamy S, Montgomery RR. Single cell immune profiling of dengue virus patients reveals intact immune responses to Zika virus with enrichment of innate immune signatures. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2020, 14: e0008112. PMID: 32150565, PMCID: PMC7082063, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008112.
• Ixodes scapularis saliva components that elicit responses associated with acquired tick-resistanceNarasimhan S, Kurokawa C, Diktas H, Strank NO, Černý J, Murfin K, Cao Y, Lynn G, Trentleman J, Wu MJ, DePonte K, Kantor F, Anguita J, Hovius J, Fikrig E. Ixodes scapularis saliva components that elicit responses associated with acquired tick-resistance. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2020, 11: 101369. PMID: 31924502, PMCID: PMC7382422, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.101369.
• Protective Immunity and New Vaccines for Lyme DiseaseGomes-Solecki M, Arnaboldi PM, Backenson PB, Benach JL, Cooper CL, Dattwyler RJ, Diuk-Wasser M, Fikrig E, Hovius JW, Laegreid W, Lundberg U, Marconi RT, Marques AR, Molloy P, Narasimhan S, Pal U, Pedra JHF, Plotkin S, Rock DL, Rosa P, Telford SR, Tsao J, Yang XF, Schutzer SE. Protective Immunity and New Vaccines for Lyme Disease. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2019, 70: 1768-1773. PMID: 31620776, PMCID: PMC7155782, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz872.
• Polymicrobial Nature of Tick-Borne DiseasesSanchez-Vicente S, Tagliafierro T, Coleman J, Benach J, Tokarz R, Azad A, Fikrig E, Munderloh U, Telford S. Polymicrobial Nature of Tick-Borne Diseases. MBio 2019, 10: e02055-19. PMID: 31506314, PMCID: PMC6737246, DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02055-19.
• Inhibition of Chikungunya Virus Replication in Primary Human Fibroblasts by Liver X Receptor Agonist.Hwang J, Wang Y, Fikrig E. Inhibition of Chikungunya Virus Replication in Primary Human Fibroblasts by Liver X Receptor Agonist. Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy 2019, 63 PMID: 31307983, PMCID: PMC6709483, DOI: 10.1128/aac.01220-19.
• Anopheles gambiae Lacking AgTRIO Inefficiently Transmits Plasmodium berghei to Mice.Chuang YM, Freudzon M, Yang J, Dong Y, Dimopoulos G, Fikrig E. Anopheles gambiae Lacking AgTRIO Inefficiently Transmits Plasmodium berghei to Mice. Infection And Immunity 2019, 87 PMID: 31285253, PMCID: PMC6704594, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00326-19.
• Borrelia miyamotoi infection leads to cross-reactive antibodies to the C6 peptide in mice and menKoetsveld J, Platonov A, Kuleshov K, Wagemakers A, Hoornstra D, Ang W, Szekeres S, van Duijvendijk G, Fikrig E, Embers M, Sprong H, Hovius J. Borrelia miyamotoi infection leads to cross-reactive antibodies to the C6 peptide in mice and men. Clinical Microbiology And Infection 2019, 26: 513.e1-513.e6. PMID: 31404672, DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.07.026.
• AgBR1 antibodies delay lethal Aedes aegypti-borne West Nile virus infection in miceUraki R, Hastings AK, Brackney DE, Armstrong PM, Fikrig E. AgBR1 antibodies delay lethal Aedes aegypti-borne West Nile virus infection in mice. Npj Vaccines 2019, 4: 23. PMID: 31312526, PMCID: PMC6614468, DOI: 10.1038/s41541-019-0120-x.
• Aedes aegypti NeSt1 Protein Enhances Zika Virus Pathogenesis by Activating Neutrophils.Hastings AK, Uraki R, Gaitsch H, Dhaliwal K, Stanley S, Sproch H, Williamson E, MacNeil T, Marin-Lopez A, Hwang J, Wang Y, Grover JR, Fikrig E. Aedes aegypti NeSt1 Protein Enhances Zika Virus Pathogenesis by Activating Neutrophils. Journal Of Virology 2019, 93 PMID: 30971475, PMCID: PMC6580965, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00395-19.
• Borrelia burgdorferi chemotaxis toward tick protein Salp12 contributes to acquisitionMurfin KE, Kleinbard R, Aydin M, Salazar SA, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi chemotaxis toward tick protein Salp12 contributes to acquisition. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2019, 10: 1124-1134. PMID: 31204044, PMCID: PMC7792743, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.06.002.
• ELF4 facilitates innate host defenses against Plasmodium by activating transcription of Pf4 and PpbpWang D, Zhang Z, Cui S, Zhao Y, Craft S, Fikrig E, You F. ELF4 facilitates innate host defenses against Plasmodium by activating transcription of Pf4 and Ppbp. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2019, 294: 7787-7796. PMID: 30898878, PMCID: PMC6514618, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006321.
• HIPK2 is necessary for type I interferon–mediated antiviral immunityCao L, Yang G, Gao S, Jing C, Montgomery RR, Yin Y, Wang P, Fikrig E, You F. HIPK2 is necessary for type I interferon–mediated antiviral immunity. Science Signaling 2019, 12 PMID: 30890658, PMCID: PMC6893850, DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aau4604.
• Aedes aegypti AgBR1 antibodies modulate early Zika virus infection of miceUraki R, Hastings AK, Marin-Lopez A, Sumida T, Takahashi T, Grover JR, Iwasaki A, Hafler DA, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E. Aedes aegypti AgBR1 antibodies modulate early Zika virus infection of mice. Nature Microbiology 2019, 4: 948-955. PMID: 30858571, PMCID: PMC6533137, DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0385-x.
• Loss of the TAM Receptor Axl Ameliorates Severe Zika Virus Pathogenesis and Reduces Apoptosis in MicrogliaHastings AK, Hastings K, Uraki R, Hwang J, Gaitsch H, Dhaliwal K, Williamson E, Fikrig E. Loss of the TAM Receptor Axl Ameliorates Severe Zika Virus Pathogenesis and Reduces Apoptosis in Microglia. IScience 2019, 13: 339-350. PMID: 30884311, PMCID: PMC6424058, DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.03.003.
• The role of Mannose Binding Lectin in the immune response against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu latoCoumou J, Wagemakers A, Narasimhan S, Schuijt TJ, Ersoz JI, Oei A, de Boer OJ, Roelofs JJTH, Fikrig E, Hovius JW. The role of Mannose Binding Lectin in the immune response against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Scientific Reports 2019, 9: 1431. PMID: 30723261, PMCID: PMC6363739, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37922-8.
• Modeling Arboviral Infection in Mice Lacking the Interferon Alpha/Beta ReceptorMarín-Lopez A, Calvo-Pinilla E, Moreno S, Utrilla-Trigo S, Nogales A, Brun A, Fikrig E, Ortego J. Modeling Arboviral Infection in Mice Lacking the Interferon Alpha/Beta Receptor. Viruses 2019, 11: 35. PMID: 30625992, PMCID: PMC6356211, DOI: 10.3390/v11010035.
• 28 Host Defenses to SpirochetesNavasa N, Fikrig E, Anguita J. 28 Host Defenses to Spirochetes. 2019, 403-411.e1. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-6896-6.00028-4.
• Host-specific expression of Ixodes scapularis salivary genesNarasimhan S, Booth CJ, DePonte K, Wu MJ, Liang X, Mohanty S, Kantor F, Fikrig E. Host-specific expression of Ixodes scapularis salivary genes. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2018, 10: 386-397. PMID: 30545615, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.12.001.
• A potent prolyl tRNA synthetase inhibitor antagonizes Chikungunya and Dengue virusesHwang J, Jiang A, Fikrig E. A potent prolyl tRNA synthetase inhibitor antagonizes Chikungunya and Dengue viruses. Antiviral Research 2018, 161: 163-168. PMID: 30521835, PMCID: PMC6345585, DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.11.017.
• Rev-erb agonist inhibits Chikungunya and O’nyong’nyong virus replicationHwang J, Jiang A, Fikrig E. Rev-erb agonist inhibits Chikungunya and O’nyong’nyong virus replication. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2018, 5: ofy315-. PMID: 30568983, PMCID: PMC6293476, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy315.
• Direct Diagnostic Tests for Lyme DiseaseSchutzer SE, Body BA, Boyle J, Branson BM, Dattwyler RJ, Fikrig E, Gerald NJ, Gomes-Solecki M, Kintrup M, Ledizet M, Levin AE, Lewinski M, Liotta LA, Marques A, Mead PS, Mongodin EF, Pillai S, Rao P, Robinson WH, Roth KM, Schriefer ME, Slezak T, Snyder JL, Steere AC, Witkowski J, Wong SJ, Branda JA. Direct Diagnostic Tests for Lyme Disease. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2018, 68: 1052-1057. PMID: 30307486, PMCID: PMC6399434, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy614.
• Vector Immunity and Evolutionary Ecology: The Harmonious DissonanceShaw DK, Tate AT, Schneider DS, Levashina EA, Kagan JC, Pal U, Fikrig E, Pedra JHF. Vector Immunity and Evolutionary Ecology: The Harmonious Dissonance. Trends In Immunology 2018, 39: 862-873. PMID: 30301592, PMCID: PMC6218297, DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.09.003.
• LB1555 Understanding the role of the mosquito GILT in malaria transmission in the skinFreudzon M, Schleicher T, Yang J, Fikrig E. LB1555 Understanding the role of the mosquito GILT in malaria transmission in the skin. Journal Of Investigative Dermatology 2018, 138: b15. DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.06.091.
• MiR-221 negatively regulates innate anti-viral responseDu H, Cui S, Li Y, Yang G, Wang P, Fikrig E, You F. MiR-221 negatively regulates innate anti-viral response. PLOS ONE 2018, 13: e0200385. PMID: 30089112, PMCID: PMC6082502, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200385.
• A mosquito salivary gland protein partially inhibits Plasmodium sporozoite cell traversal and transmissionSchleicher TR, Yang J, Freudzon M, Rembisz A, Craft S, Hamilton M, Graham M, Mlambo G, Tripathi AK, Li Y, Cresswell P, Sinnis P, Dimopoulos G, Fikrig E. A mosquito salivary gland protein partially inhibits Plasmodium sporozoite cell traversal and transmission. Nature Communications 2018, 9: 2908. PMID: 30046053, PMCID: PMC6060088, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05374-3.
• Neutralization of the Plasmodium-encoded MIF ortholog confers protective immunity against malaria infectionBaeza Garcia A, Siu E, Sun T, Exler V, Brito L, Hekele A, Otten G, Augustijn K, Janse CJ, Ulmer JB, Bernhagen J, Fikrig E, Geall A, Bucala R. Neutralization of the Plasmodium-encoded MIF ortholog confers protective immunity against malaria infection. Nature Communications 2018, 9: 2714. PMID: 30006528, PMCID: PMC6045615, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05041-7.
• Circadian Rhythms Influence the Severity of Sepsis in Mice via a TLR2-Dependent, Leukocyte-Intrinsic MechanismHeipertz EL, Harper J, Lopez CA, Fikrig E, Hughes ME, Walker WE. Circadian Rhythms Influence the Severity of Sepsis in Mice via a TLR2-Dependent, Leukocyte-Intrinsic Mechanism. The Journal Of Immunology 2018, 201: ji1701677. PMID: 29760192, PMCID: PMC9351006, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701677.
• UBXN3B positively regulates STING-mediated antiviral immune responsesYang L, Wang L, Ketkar H, Ma J, Yang G, Cui S, Geng T, Mordue DG, Fujimoto T, Cheng G, You F, Lin R, Fikrig E, Wang P. UBXN3B positively regulates STING-mediated antiviral immune responses. Nature Communications 2018, 9: 2329. PMID: 29899553, PMCID: PMC5998066, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04759-8.
• Visualization of Microbiota in Tick Guts by Whole-mount In Situ HybridizationMoss C, Robson A, Fikrig E, Narasimhan S. Visualization of Microbiota in Tick Guts by Whole-mount In Situ Hybridization. Journal Of Visualized Experiments 2018 DOI: 10.3791/57758-v.
• Visualization of Microbiota in Tick Guts by Whole-mount In Situ Hybridization.Moss CE, Robson A, Fikrig E, Narasimhan S. Visualization of Microbiota in Tick Guts by Whole-mount In Situ Hybridization. Journal Of Visualized Experiments 2018 PMID: 29912204, PMCID: PMC6101453, DOI: 10.3791/57758.
• Immunization with AgTRIO, a Protein in Anopheles Saliva, Contributes to Protection against Plasmodium Infection in MiceDragovic SM, Agunbiade TA, Freudzon M, Yang J, Hastings AK, Schleicher TR, Zhou X, Craft S, Chuang YM, Gonzalez F, Li Y, Hrebikova G, Tripathi A, Mlambo G, Almeras L, Ploss A, Dimopoulos G, Fikrig E. Immunization with AgTRIO, a Protein in Anopheles Saliva, Contributes to Protection against Plasmodium Infection in Mice. Cell Host & Microbe 2018, 23: 523-535.e5. PMID: 29649443, PMCID: PMC5998332, DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.03.008.
• Small Interfering RNA-Mediated Control of Virus Replication in the CNS Is Therapeutic and Enables Natural Immunity to West Nile VirusBeloor J, Maes N, Ullah I, Uchil P, Jackson A, Fikrig E, Lee SK, Kumar P. Small Interfering RNA-Mediated Control of Virus Replication in the CNS Is Therapeutic and Enables Natural Immunity to West Nile Virus. Cell Host & Microbe 2018, 23: 549-556.e3. PMID: 29606496, PMCID: PMC6074029, DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.03.001.
• Daily oscillations in expression and responsiveness of Toll-like receptors in splenic immune cellsSilver AC, Buckley SM, Hughes ME, Hastings AK, Nitabach MN, Fikrig E. Daily oscillations in expression and responsiveness of Toll-like receptors in splenic immune cells. Heliyon 2018, 4: e00579. PMID: 29862343, PMCID: PMC5968137, DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00579.
• Altered vector competence in an experimental mosquito-mouse transmission model of Zika infectionUraki R, Hastings AK, Gloria-Soria A, Powell JR, Fikrig E. Altered vector competence in an experimental mosquito-mouse transmission model of Zika infection. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2018, 12: e0006350. PMID: 29505571, PMCID: PMC5854422, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006350.
• Human Borrelia miyamotoi infection in California: Serodiagnosis is complicated by multiple endemic Borrelia speciesKrause PJ, Carroll M, Fedorova N, Brancato J, Dumouchel C, Akosa F, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E, Lane RS. Human Borrelia miyamotoi infection in California: Serodiagnosis is complicated by multiple endemic Borrelia species. PLOS ONE 2018, 13: e0191725. PMID: 29420552, PMCID: PMC5805228, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191725.
• Type I interferons instigate fetal demise after Zika virus infectionYockey LJ, Jurado KA, Arora N, Millet A, Rakib T, Milano KM, Hastings AK, Fikrig E, Kong Y, Horvath TL, Weatherbee S, Kliman HJ, Coyne CB, Iwasaki A. Type I interferons instigate fetal demise after Zika virus infection. Science Immunology 2018, 3 PMID: 29305462, PMCID: PMC6049088, DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aao1680.
• Advances in Serodiagnostic Testing for Lyme Disease Are at Hand.Branda JA, Body BA, Boyle J, Branson BM, Dattwyler RJ, Fikrig E, Gerald NJ, Gomes-Solecki M, Kintrup M, Ledizet M, Levin AE, Lewinski M, Liotta LA, Marques A, Mead PS, Mongodin EF, Pillai S, Rao P, Robinson WH, Roth KM, Schriefer ME, Slezak T, Snyder J, Steere AC, Witkowski J, Wong SJ, Schutzer SE. Advances in Serodiagnostic Testing for Lyme Disease Are at Hand. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017, 66: 1133-1139. PMID: 29228208, PMCID: PMC6019075, DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix943.
• Artificial Infection of Ticks with Borrelia burgdorferi Using a Microinjection Method and Their Detection In Vivo Using Quantitative PCR Targeting flaB RNASmith AA, Yang X, Fikrig E, Pal U. Artificial Infection of Ticks with Borrelia burgdorferi Using a Microinjection Method and Their Detection In Vivo Using Quantitative PCR Targeting flaB RNA. 2017, 1690: 105-114. PMID: 29032540, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7383-5_9.
• Multicohort analysis reveals baseline transcriptional predictors of influenza vaccination responsesAvey S, Cheung F, Fermin D, Frelinger J, Gaujoux R, Gottardo R, Khatri P, Kleinstein S, Kotliarov Y, Meng H, Sauteraud R, Shen-Orr S, Tsang J, Vallania F, Anguiano E, Baisch J, Baldwin N, Belshe R, Blevins T, Chaussabel D, Davis M, Fikrig E, Grill D, Hafler D, Henrich E, Joshi S, Kaech S, Kennedy R, Mohanty S, Montgomery R, Oberg A, Obermoser G, Ovsyannikova I, Palucka A, Pascual V, Poland G, Pulendran B, Reinherz E, Shaw A, Siconolfi B, Stuart K, Tsang S, Ueda I, Wilson J, Zapata H. Multicohort analysis reveals baseline transcriptional predictors of influenza vaccination responses. Science Immunology 2017, 2 PMID: 28842433, PMCID: PMC5800877, DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aal4656.
• Modulation of the tick gut milieu by a secreted tick protein favors Borrelia burgdorferi colonizationNarasimhan S, Schuijt TJ, Abraham NM, Rajeevan N, Coumou J, Graham M, Robson A, Wu MJ, Daffre S, Hovius JW, Fikrig E. Modulation of the tick gut milieu by a secreted tick protein favors Borrelia burgdorferi colonization. Nature Communications 2017, 8: 184. PMID: 28775250, PMCID: PMC5543126, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00208-0.
• A Tick Antivirulence Protein Potentiates Antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureusAbraham NM, Liu L, Jutras BL, Murfin K, Acar A, Yarovinsky TO, Sutton E, Heisig M, Jacobs-Wagner C, Fikrig E. A Tick Antivirulence Protein Potentiates Antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy 2017, 61: e00113-17. PMID: 28438938, PMCID: PMC5487661, DOI: 10.1128/aac.00113-17.
• Zika Virus and Sexual Transmission: A New Route of Transmission for Mosquito-borne Flaviviruses.Hastings AK, Fikrig E. Zika Virus and Sexual Transmission: A New Route of Transmission for Mosquito-borne Flaviviruses. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2017, 90: 325-330. PMID: 28656018, PMCID: PMC5482308.
• Nlrp9b inflammasome restricts rotavirus infection in intestinal epithelial cellsZhu S, Ding S, Wang P, Wei Z, Pan W, Palm NW, Yang Y, Yu H, Li HB, Wang G, Lei X, de Zoete MR, Zhao J, Zheng Y, Chen H, Zhao Y, Jurado KA, Feng N, Shan L, Kluger Y, Lu J, Abraham C, Fikrig E, Greenberg HB, Flavell RA. Nlrp9b inflammasome restricts rotavirus infection in intestinal epithelial cells. Nature 2017, 546: 667-670. PMID: 28636595, PMCID: PMC5787375, DOI: 10.1038/nature22967.
• An essential role of PI3K in the control of West Nile virus infectionWang L, Yang L, Fikrig E, Wang P. An essential role of PI3K in the control of West Nile virus infection. Scientific Reports 2017, 7: 3724. PMID: 28623344, PMCID: PMC5473900, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03912-5.
• Tick Bioactive Molecules as Novel Therapeutics: Beyond Vaccine TargetsMurfin KE, Fikrig E. Tick Bioactive Molecules as Novel Therapeutics: Beyond Vaccine Targets. Frontiers In Cellular And Infection Microbiology 2017, 7: 222. PMID: 28634573, PMCID: PMC5459892, DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00222.
• Fetal Growth Restriction Caused by Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus in Mice.Uraki R, Jurado KA, Hwang J, Szigeti-Buck K, Horvath TL, Iwasaki A, Fikrig E. Fetal Growth Restriction Caused by Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus in Mice. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2017, 215: 1720-1724. PMID: 28472297, PMCID: PMC5853330, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix204.
• TAM Receptors Are Not Required for Zika Virus Infection in MiceHastings AK, Yockey LJ, Jagger BW, Hwang J, Uraki R, Gaitsch HF, Parnell LA, Cao B, Mysorekar IU, Rothlin CV, Fikrig E, Diamond MS, Iwasaki A. TAM Receptors Are Not Required for Zika Virus Infection in Mice. Cell Reports 2017, 19: 558-568. PMID: 28423319, PMCID: PMC5485843, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.058.
• Anti-Biofilm Activity of a Self-Aggregating Peptide against Streptococcus mutansAnsari JM, Abraham NM, Massaro J, Murphy K, Smith-Carpenter J, Fikrig E. Anti-Biofilm Activity of a Self-Aggregating Peptide against Streptococcus mutans. Frontiers In Microbiology 2017, 8: 488. PMID: 28392782, PMCID: PMC5364132, DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00488.
• Infection-derived lipids elicit an immune deficiency circuit in arthropodsShaw DK, Wang X, Brown LJ, Chávez AS, Reif KE, Smith AA, Scott AJ, McClure EE, Boradia VM, Hammond HL, Sundberg EJ, Snyder GA, Liu L, DePonte K, Villar M, Ueti MW, de la Fuente J, Ernst RK, Pal U, Fikrig E, Pedra JH. Infection-derived lipids elicit an immune deficiency circuit in arthropods. Nature Communications 2017, 8: 14401. PMID: 28195158, PMCID: PMC5316886, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14401.
• Zika virus causes testicular atrophyUraki R, Hwang J, Jurado KA, Householder S, Yockey LJ, Hastings AK, Homer RJ, Iwasaki A, Fikrig E. Zika virus causes testicular atrophy. Science Advances 2017, 3: e1602899. PMID: 28261663, PMCID: PMC5321463, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602899.
• Multiple UBXN family members inhibit retrovirus and lentivirus production and canonical NFκΒ signaling by stabilizing IκBαHu Y, O’Boyle K, Auer J, Raju S, You F, Wang P, Fikrig E, Sutton RE. Multiple UBXN family members inhibit retrovirus and lentivirus production and canonical NFκΒ signaling by stabilizing IκBα. PLOS Pathogens 2017, 13: e1006187. PMID: 28152074, PMCID: PMC5308826, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006187.
• Unamplified RNA Sensor for On‐Site Screening of Zika Virus Disease in a Limited Resource SettingCheng C, Wu J, Fikrig E, Wang P, Chen J, Eda S, Terry P. Unamplified RNA Sensor for On‐Site Screening of Zika Virus Disease in a Limited Resource Setting. ChemElectroChem 2017, 4: 485-489. DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600831.
• Pathogen-mediated manipulation of arthropod microbiota to promote infectionAbraham NM, Liu L, Jutras BL, Yadav AK, Narasimhan S, Gopalakrishnan V, Ansari JM, Jefferson KK, Cava F, Jacobs-Wagner C, Fikrig E. Pathogen-mediated manipulation of arthropod microbiota to promote infection. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2017, 114: e781-e790. PMID: 28096373, PMCID: PMC5293115, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1613422114.
• Chapter 14 Translation of Saliva Proteins Into Tools to Prevent Vector-Borne Disease TransmissionNarasimhan S, Schleicher T, Fikrig E. Chapter 14 Translation of Saliva Proteins Into Tools to Prevent Vector-Borne Disease Transmission. 2017, 249-300. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-805360-7.00014-9.
• Interleukin-17A Promotes CD8+ T Cell Cytotoxicity To Facilitate West Nile Virus ClearanceAcharya D, Wang P, Paul AM, Dai J, Gate D, Lowery JE, Stokic DS, Leis AA, Flavell RA, Town T, Fikrig E, Bai F. Interleukin-17A Promotes CD8+ T Cell Cytotoxicity To Facilitate West Nile Virus Clearance. Journal Of Virology 2016, 91: e01529-16. PMID: 27795421, PMCID: PMC5165211, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01529-16.
• Zika virus infection of Hofbauer cellsSimoni MK, Jurado KA, Abrahams VM, Fikrig E, Guller S. Zika virus infection of Hofbauer cells. American Journal Of Reproductive Immunology 2016, 77 PMID: 27966815, PMCID: PMC5299062, DOI: 10.1111/aji.12613.
• TLR8 Couples SOCS-1 and Restrains TLR7-Mediated Antiviral Immunity, Exacerbating West Nile Virus Infection in MicePaul AM, Acharya D, Le L, Wang P, Stokic DS, Leis AA, Alexopoulou L, Town T, Flavell RA, Fikrig E, Bai F. TLR8 Couples SOCS-1 and Restrains TLR7-Mediated Antiviral Immunity, Exacerbating West Nile Virus Infection in Mice. The Journal Of Immunology 2016, 197: 4425-4435. PMID: 27798161, PMCID: PMC5123688, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600902.
• Aedes aegypti D7 Saliva Protein Inhibits Dengue Virus InfectionConway MJ, Londono-Renteria B, Troupin A, Watson AM, Klimstra WB, Fikrig E, Colpitts TM. Aedes aegypti D7 Saliva Protein Inhibits Dengue Virus Infection. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2016, 10: e0004941. PMID: 27632170, PMCID: PMC5025043, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004941.
• Zika virus productively infects primary human placenta-specific macrophagesJurado KA, Simoni MK, Tang Z, Uraki R, Hwang J, Householder S, Wu M, Lindenbach BD, Abrahams VM, Guller S, Fikrig E. Zika virus productively infects primary human placenta-specific macrophages. JCI Insight 2016, 1: e88461. PMID: 27595140, PMCID: PMC5007065, DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88461.
• A novel mosquito ubiquitin targets viral envelope protein for degradation and reduces virion production during dengue virus infectionTroupin A, Londono-Renteria B, Conway MJ, Cloherty E, Jameson S, Higgs S, Vanlandingham DL, Fikrig E, Colpitts TM. A novel mosquito ubiquitin targets viral envelope protein for degradation and reduces virion production during dengue virus infection. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta 2016, 1860: 1898-1909. PMID: 27241849, PMCID: PMC4949077, DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.05.033.
• Variable Major Proteins as Targets for Specific Antibodies against Borrelia miyamotoiWagemakers A, Koetsveld J, Narasimhan S, Wickel M, Deponte K, Bleijlevens B, Jahfari S, Sprong H, Karan LS, Sarksyan DS, van der Poll T, Bockenstedt LK, Bins AD, Platonov AE, Fikrig E, Hovius JW. Variable Major Proteins as Targets for Specific Antibodies against Borrelia miyamotoi. The Journal Of Immunology 2016, 196: 4185-4195. PMID: 27076681, PMCID: PMC5008243, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600014.
• Genetics of War and Truce between Mosquitos and Emerging VirusesHwang J, Jurado KA, Fikrig E. Genetics of War and Truce between Mosquitos and Emerging Viruses. Cell Host & Microbe 2016, 19: 583-587. PMID: 27173926, PMCID: PMC7063512, DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.04.009.
• Tick gut microbiota and transmission of the Lyme disease agentFikrig E. Tick gut microbiota and transmission of the Lyme disease agent. 2016 DOI: 10.1603/ice.2016.95415.
• Ixodes scapularis dystroglycan-like protein promotes Borrelia burgdorferi migration from the gutCoumou J, Narasimhan S, Trentelman JJ, Wagemakers A, Koetsveld J, Ersoz JI, Oei A, Fikrig E, Hovius JW. Ixodes scapularis dystroglycan-like protein promotes Borrelia burgdorferi migration from the gut. Journal Of Molecular Medicine 2015, 94: 361-370. PMID: 26594018, PMCID: PMC4803822, DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1365-0.
• Dengue Virus Infection of Aedes aegypti Requires a Putative Cysteine Rich Venom ProteinLondono-Renteria B, Troupin A, Conway MJ, Vesely D, Ledizet M, Roundy CM, Cloherty E, Jameson S, Vanlandingham D, Higgs S, Fikrig E, Colpitts TM. Dengue Virus Infection of Aedes aegypti Requires a Putative Cysteine Rich Venom Protein. PLOS Pathogens 2015, 11: e1005202. PMID: 26491875, PMCID: PMC4619585, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005202.
• Nlrp6 regulates intestinal antiviral innate immunityWang P, Zhu S, Yang L, Cui S, Pan W, Jackson R, Zheng Y, Rongvaux A, Sun Q, Yang G, Gao S, Lin R, You F, Flavell R, Fikrig E. Nlrp6 regulates intestinal antiviral innate immunity. Science 2015, 350: 826-830. PMID: 26494172, PMCID: PMC4927078, DOI: 10.1126/science.aab3145.
• Tick microbiome: the force withinNarasimhan S, Fikrig E. Tick microbiome: the force within. Trends In Parasitology 2015, 31: 315-323. PMID: 25936226, PMCID: PMC4492851, DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2015.03.010.
• Increased Levels of Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins Result in Resistance to R5-Tropic HIV-1 in a Subset of Elite ControllersWalker WE, Kurscheid S, Joshi S, Lopez CA, Goh G, Choi M, Barakat L, Francis J, Fisher A, Kozal M, Zapata H, Shaw A, Lifton R, Sutton RE, Fikrig E. Increased Levels of Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins Result in Resistance to R5-Tropic HIV-1 in a Subset of Elite Controllers. Journal Of Virology 2015, 89: 5502-5514. PMID: 25740989, PMCID: PMC4442529, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00118-15.
• Frostbite Protection in Mice Expressing an Antifreeze GlycoproteinHeisig M, Mattessich S, Rembisz A, Acar A, Shapiro M, Booth CJ, Neelakanta G, Fikrig E. Frostbite Protection in Mice Expressing an Antifreeze Glycoprotein. PLOS ONE 2015, 10: e0116562. PMID: 25714402, PMCID: PMC4340617, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116562.
• Vaccine development: how scientific collaboration and communication help prevent the spread of disease: an interview with Erol Fikrig, MD.Fikrig E, Turchick A, Czochor J. Vaccine development: how scientific collaboration and communication help prevent the spread of disease: an interview with Erol Fikrig, MD. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2014, 87: 519-25. PMID: 25506284, PMCID: PMC4257037.
• Antivirulence Properties of an Antifreeze ProteinHeisig M, Abraham N, Liu L, Neelakanta G, Mattessich S, Sultana H, Shang Z, Ansari J, Killiam C, Walker W, Cooley L, Flavell R, Agaisse H, Fikrig E. Antivirulence Properties of an Antifreeze Protein. Cell Reports 2014, 9: 2344. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.12.003.
• Systems Immunology Reveals Markers of Susceptibility to West Nile Virus InfectionQian F, Goel G, Meng H, Wang X, You F, Devine L, Raddassi K, Garcia MN, Murray KO, Bolen CR, Gaujoux R, Shen-Orr SS, Hafler D, Fikrig E, Xavier R, Kleinstein SH, Montgomery RR. Systems Immunology Reveals Markers of Susceptibility to West Nile Virus Infection. MSphere 2014, 22: 6-16. PMID: 25355795, PMCID: PMC4278927, DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00508-14.
• Antivirulence Properties of an Antifreeze ProteinHeisig M, Abraham NM, Liu L, Neelakanta G, Mattessich S, Sultana H, Shang Z, Ansari JM, Killiam C, Walker W, Cooley L, Flavell RA, Agaisse H, Fikrig E. Antivirulence Properties of an Antifreeze Protein. Cell Reports 2014, 9: 417-424. PMID: 25373896, PMCID: PMC4223805, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.09.034.
• A Tick Gut Protein with Fibronectin III Domains Aids Borrelia burgdorferi Congregation to the Gut during TransmissionNarasimhan S, Coumou J, Schuijt TJ, Boder E, Hovius JW, Fikrig E. A Tick Gut Protein with Fibronectin III Domains Aids Borrelia burgdorferi Congregation to the Gut during Transmission. PLOS Pathogens 2014, 10: e1004278. PMID: 25102051, PMCID: PMC4125277, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004278.
• Innexin AGAP001476 Is Critical for Mediating Anti-Plasmodium Responses in Anopheles MosquitoesLi MW, Wang J, Zhao YO, Fikrig E. Innexin AGAP001476 Is Critical for Mediating Anti-Plasmodium Responses in Anopheles Mosquitoes. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2014, 289: 24885-24897. PMID: 25035430, PMCID: PMC4155657, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.554519.
• Borrelia miyamotoi sensu lato Seroreactivity and Seroprevalence in the Northeastern United States - Volume 20, Number 7—July 2014 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDCKrause PJ, Narasimhan S, Wormser GP, Barbour AG, Platonov AE, Brancato J, Lepore T, Dardick K, Mamula M, Rollend L, Steeves TK, Diuk-Wasser M, Usmani-Brown S, Williamson P, Sarksyan DS, Fikrig E, Fish D, . Borrelia miyamotoi sensu lato Seroreactivity and Seroprevalence in the Northeastern United States - Volume 20, Number 7—July 2014 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2014, 20: 1183-1190. PMID: 24960072, PMCID: PMC4073859, DOI: 10.3201/eid2007.131587.
• Role of the Vector in Arbovirus TransmissionConway MJ, Colpitts TM, Fikrig E. Role of the Vector in Arbovirus Transmission. Annual Review Of Virology 2014, 1: 71-88. PMID: 26958715, PMCID: PMC7809425, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-031413-085513.
• A. phagocytophilum invasin AipASeidman D, Ojogun N, Walker NJ, Mastronunzio J, Kahlon A, Hebert KS, Karandashova S, Miller DP, Tegels BK, Marconi RT, Fikrig E, Borjesson DL, Carlyon JA. A. phagocytophilum invasin AipA. Cellular Microbiology 2014, 16: 1133-1145. PMID: 24612118, PMCID: PMC4115035, DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12286.
• Immune Markers Associated with Host Susceptibility to Infection with West Nile VirusQian F, Thakar J, Yuan X, Nolan M, Murray KO, Lee WT, Wong SJ, Meng H, Fikrig E, Kleinstein SH, Montgomery RR. Immune Markers Associated with Host Susceptibility to Infection with West Nile Virus. Viral Immunology 2014, 27: 39-47. PMID: 24605787, PMCID: PMC3949440, DOI: 10.1089/vim.2013.0074.
• Innate Immune Responses in the Neutrophils of Community Dwelling and Nursing Home EldersJuthani-Mehta M, Guo X, Shaw AC, Towle V, Ning Y, Wang X, Allore HG, Fikrig E, Montgomery RR. Innate Immune Responses in the Neutrophils of Community Dwelling and Nursing Home Elders. Journal Of Aging Science 2014, 02 PMID: 25750929, PMCID: PMC4348001, DOI: 10.4172/2329-8847.1000115.
• Gut Microbiota of the Tick Vector Ixodes scapularis Modulate Colonization of the Lyme Disease SpirocheteNarasimhan S, Rajeevan N, Liu L, Zhao YO, Heisig J, Pan J, Eppler-Epstein R, DePonte K, Fish D, Fikrig E. Gut Microbiota of the Tick Vector Ixodes scapularis Modulate Colonization of the Lyme Disease Spirochete. Cell Host & Microbe 2014, 15: 58-71. PMID: 24439898, PMCID: PMC3905459, DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2013.12.001.
• ELF4 is critical for induction of type I interferon and the host antiviral responseYou F, Wang P, Yang L, Yang G, Zhao YO, Qian F, Walker W, Sutton R, Montgomery R, Lin R, Iwasaki A, Fikrig E. ELF4 is critical for induction of type I interferon and the host antiviral response. Nature Immunology 2013, 14: 1237-1246. PMID: 24185615, PMCID: PMC3939855, DOI: 10.1038/ni.2756.
• Plasmodium falciparum phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase is essential for malaria transmissionBobenchik AM, Witola WH, Augagneur Y, Lochlainn L, Garg A, Pachikara N, Choi JY, Zhao YO, Usmani-Brown S, Lee A, Adjalley SH, Samanta S, Fidock DA, Voelker DR, Fikrig E, Mamoun C. Plasmodium falciparum phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase is essential for malaria transmission. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2013, 110: 18262-18267. PMID: 24145416, PMCID: PMC3831454, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1313965110.
• Mosquito Saliva Serine Protease Enhances Dissemination of Dengue Virus into the Mammalian HostConway MJ, Watson AM, Colpitts TM, Dragovic SM, Li Z, Wang P, Feitosa F, Shepherd DT, Ryman KD, Klimstra WB, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. Mosquito Saliva Serine Protease Enhances Dissemination of Dengue Virus into the Mammalian Host. Journal Of Virology 2013, 88: 164-175. PMID: 24131723, PMCID: PMC3911723, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02235-13.
• MyD88 Deficiency Markedly Worsens Tissue Inflammation and Bacterial Clearance in Mice Infected with Treponema pallidum, the Agent of SyphilisSilver AC, Dunne DW, Zeiss CJ, Bockenstedt LK, Radolf JD, Salazar JC, Fikrig E. MyD88 Deficiency Markedly Worsens Tissue Inflammation and Bacterial Clearance in Mice Infected with Treponema pallidum, the Agent of Syphilis. PLOS ONE 2013, 8: e71388. PMID: 23940747, PMCID: PMC3734110, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071388.
• A case of meningoencephalitis by the relapsing fever spirochaete Borrelia miyamotoi in EuropeHovius JW, de Wever B, Sohne M, Brouwer MC, Coumou J, Wagemakers A, Oei A, Knol H, Narasimhan S, Hodiamont CJ, Jahfari S, Pals ST, Horlings HM, Fikrig E, Sprong H, van Oers MH. A case of meningoencephalitis by the relapsing fever spirochaete Borrelia miyamotoi in Europe. The Lancet 2013, 382: 658. PMID: 23953389, PMCID: PMC3987849, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61644-x.
• Characterization of Ixophilin, A Thrombin Inhibitor from the Gut of Ixodes scapularisNarasimhan S, Perez O, Mootien S, DePonte K, Koski RA, Fikrig E, Ledizet M. Characterization of Ixophilin, A Thrombin Inhibitor from the Gut of Ixodes scapularis. PLOS ONE 2013, 8: e68012. PMID: 23874485, PMCID: PMC3706618, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068012.
• Identification of Genes Critical for Resistance to Infection by West Nile Virus Using RNA-Seq AnalysisQian F, Chung L, Zheng W, Bruno V, Alexander RP, Wang Z, Wang X, Kurscheid S, Zhao H, Fikrig E, Gerstein M, Snyder M, Montgomery RR. Identification of Genes Critical for Resistance to Infection by West Nile Virus Using RNA-Seq Analysis. Viruses 2013, 5: 1664-1681. PMID: 23881275, PMCID: PMC3738954, DOI: 10.3390/v5071664.
• Factor Xa Activation of Factor V Is of Paramount Importance in Initiating the Coagulation SystemSchuijt TJ, Bakhtiari K, Daffre S, DePonte K, Wielders SJ, Marquart JA, Hovius JW, van der Poll T, Fikrig E, Bunce MW, Camire RM, Nicolaes GA, Meijers JC, van ‘t Veer C. Factor Xa Activation of Factor V Is of Paramount Importance in Initiating the Coagulation System. Circulation 2013, 128: 254-266. PMID: 23817575, PMCID: PMC3826089, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.003191.
• Anopheles gambiae Circumsporozoite Protein–Binding Protein Facilitates Plasmodium Infection of Mosquito Salivary GlandsWang J, Zhang Y, Zhao YO, Li MW, Zhang L, Dragovic S, Abraham NM, Fikrig E. Anopheles gambiae Circumsporozoite Protein–Binding Protein Facilitates Plasmodium Infection of Mosquito Salivary Glands. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2013, 208: 1161-1169. PMID: 23801601, PMCID: PMC3762383, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jit284.
• The lipoprotein La7 contributes to Borrelia burgdorferi persistence in ticks and their transmission to naïve hostsYang X, Hegde S, Shroder DY, Smith AA, Promnares K, Neelakanta G, Anderson JF, Fikrig E, Pal U. The lipoprotein La7 contributes to Borrelia burgdorferi persistence in ticks and their transmission to naïve hosts. Microbes And Infection 2013, 15: 729-737. PMID: 23774694, PMCID: PMC3769513, DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2013.06.001.
• SERUM ANTIBODIES TO BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM, AND BABESIA MICROTI IN RECAPTURED WHITE-FOOTED MICEMagnarelli LA, Williams SC, Norris SJ, Fikrig E. SERUM ANTIBODIES TO BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM, AND BABESIA MICROTI IN RECAPTURED WHITE-FOOTED MICE. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 2013, 49: 294-302. PMID: 23568904, PMCID: PMC3712766, DOI: 10.7589/2012-06-172.
• UBXN1 Interferes with Rig-I-like Receptor-Mediated Antiviral Immune Response by Targeting MAVSWang P, Yang L, Cheng G, Yang G, Xu Z, You F, Sun Q, Lin R, Fikrig E, Sutton RE. UBXN1 Interferes with Rig-I-like Receptor-Mediated Antiviral Immune Response by Targeting MAVS. Cell Reports 2013, 3: 1057-1070. PMID: 23545497, PMCID: PMC3707122, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.02.027.
• Human Borrelia miyamotoi Infection in the United StatesKrause PJ, Narasimhan S, Wormser GP, Rollend L, Fikrig E, Lepore T, Barbour A, Fish D. Human Borrelia miyamotoi Infection in the United States. New England Journal Of Medicine 2013, 368: 291-293. PMID: 23323920, PMCID: PMC3934646, DOI: 10.1056/nejmc1215469.
• 26 Host defenses to spirochetesOlson C, Fikrig E, Anguita J. 26 Host defenses to spirochetes. 2013, 338-345. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7234-3691-1.00016-7.
• Impaired Toll-Like Receptor 3-Mediated Immune Responses from Macrophages of Patients Chronically Infected with Hepatitis C VirusQian F, Bolen CR, Jing C, Wang X, Zheng W, Zhao H, Fikrig E, Bruce RD, Kleinstein SH, Montgomery RR. Impaired Toll-Like Receptor 3-Mediated Immune Responses from Macrophages of Patients Chronically Infected with Hepatitis C Virus. MSphere 2012, 20: 146-155. PMID: 23220997, PMCID: PMC3571267, DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00530-12.
• Receptor interacting protein‐2 contributes to host defense against Anaplasma phagocytophilum infectionSukumaran B, Ogura Y, Pedra JH, Kobayashi KS, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Receptor interacting protein‐2 contributes to host defense against Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection. Pathogens And Disease 2012, 66: 211-219. PMID: 22747758, PMCID: PMC3530031, DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2012.01001.x.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum Asp14 Is an Invasin That Interacts with Mammalian Host Cells via Its C Terminus To Facilitate InfectionKahlon A, Ojogun N, Ragland SA, Seidman D, Troese MJ, Ottens AK, Mastronunzio JE, Truchan HK, Walker NJ, Borjesson DL, Fikrig E, Carlyon JA. Anaplasma phagocytophilum Asp14 Is an Invasin That Interacts with Mammalian Host Cells via Its C Terminus To Facilitate Infection. Infection And Immunity 2012, 81: 65-79. PMID: 23071137, PMCID: PMC3536139, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00932-12.
• Immunization with adenoviral-vectored tick salivary gland proteins (SALPs) in a murine model of Lyme borreliosisUllmann AJ, Dolan MC, Sackal CA, Fikrig E, Piesman J, Zeidner NS. Immunization with adenoviral-vectored tick salivary gland proteins (SALPs) in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2012, 4: 160-163. PMID: 23141105, PMCID: PMC4306421, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.08.006.
• West Nile Virus: Biology, Transmission, and Human InfectionColpitts TM, Conway MJ, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E. West Nile Virus: Biology, Transmission, and Human Infection. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 2012, 25: 635-648. PMID: 23034323, PMCID: PMC3485754, DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00045-12.
• Immunity's fourth dimension: approaching the circadian–immune connectionArjona A, Silver AC, Walker WE, Fikrig E. Immunity's fourth dimension: approaching the circadian–immune connection. Trends In Immunology 2012, 33: 607-612. PMID: 23000010, PMCID: PMC3712756, DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2012.08.007.
• Semaphorin 7A Contributes to West Nile Virus Pathogenesis through TGF-β1/Smad6 SignalingSultana H, Neelakanta G, Foellmer HG, Montgomery RR, Anderson JF, Koski RA, Medzhitov RM, Fikrig E. Semaphorin 7A Contributes to West Nile Virus Pathogenesis through TGF-β1/Smad6 Signaling. The Journal Of Immunology 2012, 189: 3150-3158. PMID: 22896629, PMCID: PMC3496209, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201140.
• IL-22 Signaling Contributes to West Nile Encephalitis PathogenesisWang P, Bai F, Zenewicz LA, Dai J, Gate D, Cheng G, Yang L, Qian F, Yuan X, Montgomery RR, Flavell RA, Town T, Fikrig E. IL-22 Signaling Contributes to West Nile Encephalitis Pathogenesis. PLOS ONE 2012, 7: e44153. PMID: 22952908, PMCID: PMC3429482, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044153.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum Outer Membrane Protein A Interacts with Sialylated Glycoproteins To Promote Infection of Mammalian Host CellsOjogun N, Kahlon A, Ragland SA, Troese MJ, Mastronunzio JE, Walker NJ, VieBrock L, Thomas RJ, Borjesson DL, Fikrig E, Carlyon JA. Anaplasma phagocytophilum Outer Membrane Protein A Interacts with Sialylated Glycoproteins To Promote Infection of Mammalian Host Cells. Infection And Immunity 2012, 80: 3748-3760. PMID: 22907813, PMCID: PMC3486060, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00654-12.
• Ixodes scapularis JAK-STAT Pathway Regulates Tick Antimicrobial Peptides, Thereby Controlling the Agent of Human Granulocytic AnaplasmosisLiu L, Dai J, Zhao YO, Narasimhan S, Yang Y, Zhang L, Fikrig E. Ixodes scapularis JAK-STAT Pathway Regulates Tick Antimicrobial Peptides, Thereby Controlling the Agent of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2012, 206: 1233-1241. PMID: 22859824, PMCID: PMC3448968, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis484.
• Enhanced Survival of Plasmodium-Infected Mosquitoes during StarvationZhao YO, Kurscheid S, Zhang Y, Liu L, Zhang L, Loeliger K, Fikrig E. Enhanced Survival of Plasmodium-Infected Mosquitoes during Starvation. PLOS ONE 2012, 7: e40556. PMID: 22808193, PMCID: PMC3393683, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040556.
• Humoral immune responses in humanized BLT mice immunized with West Nile virus and HIV‐1 envelope proteins are largely mediated via human CD5+ B cellsBiswas S, Chang H, Sarkis P, Fikrig E, Zhu Q, Marasco W. Humoral immune responses in humanized BLT mice immunized with West Nile virus and HIV‐1 envelope proteins are largely mediated via human CD5+ B cells. Immunology 2012, 136: 361-361. PMCID: PMC3385036, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03586.x.
• Activation of the RpoN-RpoS regulatory pathway during the enzootic life cycle of Borrelia burgdorferiOuyang Z, Narasimhan S, Neelakanta G, Kumar M, Pal U, Fikrig E, Norgard MV. Activation of the RpoN-RpoS regulatory pathway during the enzootic life cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi. BMC Microbiology 2012, 12: 44. PMID: 22443136, PMCID: PMC3320556, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-44.
• Antibodies against the Envelope Glycoprotein Promote Infectivity of Immature Dengue Virus Serotype 2da Silva Voorham JM, Rodenhuis-Zybert IA, Nuñez N, Colpitts TM, van der Ende-Metselaar H, Fikrig E, Diamond MS, Wilschut J, Smit JM. Antibodies against the Envelope Glycoprotein Promote Infectivity of Immature Dengue Virus Serotype 2. PLOS ONE 2012, 7: e29957. PMID: 22431958, PMCID: PMC3303773, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029957.
• Expression of Ixodes scapularis Antifreeze Glycoprotein Enhances Cold Tolerance in Drosophila melanogasterNeelakanta G, Hudson AM, Sultana H, Cooley L, Fikrig E. Expression of Ixodes scapularis Antifreeze Glycoprotein Enhances Cold Tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster. PLOS ONE 2012, 7: e33447. PMID: 22428051, PMCID: PMC3302814, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033447.
• Postgenomic Analyses Reveal Development of Infectious Anaplasma phagocytophilum during Transmission from Ticks to MiceMastronunzio JE, Kurscheid S, Fikrig E. Postgenomic Analyses Reveal Development of Infectious Anaplasma phagocytophilum during Transmission from Ticks to Mice. Journal Of Bacteriology 2012, 194: 2238-2247. PMID: 22389475, PMCID: PMC3347074, DOI: 10.1128/jb.06791-11.
• The Circadian Clock Controls Toll-like Receptor 9-Mediated Innate and Adaptive ImmunitySilver AC, Arjona A, Walker WE, Fikrig E. The Circadian Clock Controls Toll-like Receptor 9-Mediated Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Immunity 2012, 36: 251-261. PMID: 22342842, PMCID: PMC3315694, DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.12.017.
• Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of West Nile Virus Genotype NY99 by Culex salinarius and Genotypes NY99 and WN02 by Culex tarsalisAnderson JF, Main AJ, Cheng G, Ferrandino FJ, Fikrig E. Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of West Nile Virus Genotype NY99 by Culex salinarius and Genotypes NY99 and WN02 by Culex tarsalis. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2012, 86: 134-139. PMID: 22232464, PMCID: PMC3247122, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0473.
• SERUM ANTIBODIES TO WHOLE-CELL AND RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI IN COTTONTAIL RABBITSMagnarelli LA, Norris SJ, Fikrig E. SERUM ANTIBODIES TO WHOLE-CELL AND RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI IN COTTONTAIL RABBITS. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 2012, 48: 12-20. PMID: 22247369, PMCID: PMC3261588, DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-48.1.12.
• Age‐associated elevation in TLR5 leads to increased inflammatory responses in the elderlyQian F, Wang X, Zhang L, Chen S, Piecychna M, Allore H, Bockenstedt L, Malawista S, Bucala R, Shaw AC, Fikrig E, Montgomery RR. Age‐associated elevation in TLR5 leads to increased inflammatory responses in the elderly. Aging Cell 2011, 11: 104-110. PMID: 22023165, PMCID: PMC3257374, DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2011.00759.x.
• Humoral immune responses in humanized BLT mice immunized with West Nile virus and HIV‐1 envelope proteins are largely mediated via human CD5+ B cellsBiswas S, Chang H, Sarkis PT, Fikrig E, Zhu Q, Marasco WA. Humoral immune responses in humanized BLT mice immunized with West Nile virus and HIV‐1 envelope proteins are largely mediated via human CD5+ B cells. Immunology 2011, 134: 419-433. PMID: 22044090, PMCID: PMC3230796, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03501.x.
• Circadian expression of clock genes in mouse macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cellsSilver AC, Arjona A, Hughes ME, Nitabach MN, Fikrig E. Circadian expression of clock genes in mouse macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells. Brain Behavior And Immunity 2011, 26: 407-413. PMID: 22019350, PMCID: PMC3336152, DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.10.001.
• Innate immune control of West Nile virus infectionArjona A, Wang P, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E. Innate immune control of West Nile virus infection. Cellular Microbiology 2011, 13: 1648-1658. PMID: 21790942, PMCID: PMC3196381, DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2011.01649.x.
• Ixodes scapularis salivary gland protein P11 facilitates migration of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from the tick gut to salivary glandsLiu L, Narasimhan S, Dai J, Zhang L, Cheng G, Fikrig E. Ixodes scapularis salivary gland protein P11 facilitates migration of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from the tick gut to salivary glands. EMBO Reports 2011, 12: 1196-1203. PMID: 21921936, PMCID: PMC3207102, DOI: 10.1038/embor.2011.177.
• Alterations in the Aedes aegypti Transcriptome during Infection with West Nile, Dengue and Yellow Fever VirusesColpitts TM, Cox J, Vanlandingham DL, Feitosa FM, Cheng G, Kurscheid S, Wang P, Krishnan MN, Higgs S, Fikrig E. Alterations in the Aedes aegypti Transcriptome during Infection with West Nile, Dengue and Yellow Fever Viruses. PLOS Pathogens 2011, 7: e1002189. PMID: 21909258, PMCID: PMC3164632, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002189.
• Dengue Virus Capsid Protein Binds Core Histones and Inhibits Nucleosome Formation in Human Liver CellsColpitts TM, Barthel S, Wang P, Fikrig E. Dengue Virus Capsid Protein Binds Core Histones and Inhibits Nucleosome Formation in Human Liver Cells. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e24365. PMID: 21909430, PMCID: PMC3164731, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024365.
• A Tick Mannose-Binding Lectin Inhibitor Interferes with the Vertebrate Complement Cascade to Enhance Transmission of the Lyme Disease AgentSchuijt TJ, Coumou J, Narasimhan S, Dai J, DePonte K, Wouters D, Brouwer M, Oei A, Roelofs JJ, van Dam AP, van der Poll T, Veer C, Hovius JW, Fikrig E. A Tick Mannose-Binding Lectin Inhibitor Interferes with the Vertebrate Complement Cascade to Enhance Transmission of the Lyme Disease Agent. Cell Host & Microbe 2011, 10: 136-146. PMID: 21843870, PMCID: PMC3170916, DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2011.06.010.
• An In Vivo Transfection Approach Elucidates a Role for Aedes aegypti Thioester-Containing Proteins in Flaviviral InfectionCheng G, Liu L, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhao YO, Colpitts TM, Feitosa F, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. An In Vivo Transfection Approach Elucidates a Role for Aedes aegypti Thioester-Containing Proteins in Flaviviral Infection. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e22786. PMID: 21818390, PMCID: PMC3144946, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022786.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum induces actin phosphorylation to selectively regulate gene transcription in Ixodes scapularis ticksSultana H, Neelakanta G, Kantor F, Malawista S, Fish D, Montgomery R, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum induces actin phosphorylation to selectively regulate gene transcription in Ixodes scapularis ticks. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2011, 208: 1737-1737. PMCID: PMC3149219, DOI: 10.1084/jem.201002762088c.
• O4-S2.05 Myd-88 deficient mice show evidence of productive T pallidum infection"Dunne D, Silver A, Fieber J, Zeiss C, Fikrig E. O4-S2.05 Myd-88 deficient mice show evidence of productive T pallidum infection". Sexually Transmitted Infections 2011, 87: a87. DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050109.149.
• Use of a tandem affinity purification assay to detect interactions between West Nile and dengue viral proteins and proteins of the mosquito vectorColpitts TM, Cox J, Nguyen A, Feitosa F, Krishnan MN, Fikrig E. Use of a tandem affinity purification assay to detect interactions between West Nile and dengue viral proteins and proteins of the mosquito vector. Virology 2011, 417: 179-187. PMID: 21700306, PMCID: PMC3166580, DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2011.06.002.
• prM-antibody renders immature West Nile virus infectious in vivoColpitts TM, Rodenhuis-Zybert I, Moesker B, Wang P, Fikrig E, Smit JM. prM-antibody renders immature West Nile virus infectious in vivo. Journal Of General Virology 2011, 92: 2281-2285. PMID: 21697345, PMCID: PMC3347797, DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.031427-0.
• Molecular Interactions that Enable Movement of the Lyme Disease Agent from the Tick Gut into the HemolymphZhang L, Zhang Y, Adusumilli S, Liu L, Narasimhan S, Dai J, Zhao YO, Fikrig E. Molecular Interactions that Enable Movement of the Lyme Disease Agent from the Tick Gut into the Hemolymph. PLOS Pathogens 2011, 7: e1002079. PMID: 21695244, PMCID: PMC3111543, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002079.
• Impaired Interferon Signaling in Dendritic Cells From Older Donors Infected In Vitro With West Nile VirusQian F, Wang X, Zhang L, Lin A, Zhao H, Fikrig E, Montgomery RR. Impaired Interferon Signaling in Dendritic Cells From Older Donors Infected In Vitro With West Nile Virus. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2011, 203: 1415-1424. PMID: 21398396, PMCID: PMC3080893, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir048.
• Circadian rhythms influence disease severity in a mouse model of sepsis (110.9)Walker W, Bozzi A, Fikrig E. Circadian rhythms influence disease severity in a mouse model of sepsis (110.9). The Journal Of Immunology 2011, 186: 110.9-110.9. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.110.9.
• Innate interleukin-22 confers protection during acute liver infection (114.8)Zenewicz L, Pedra J, Booth C, Fikrig E, Flavell R. Innate interleukin-22 confers protection during acute liver infection (114.8). The Journal Of Immunology 2011, 186: 114.8-114.8. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.114.8.
• Identification and Characterization of Ixodes scapularis Antigens That Elicit Tick Immunity Using Yeast Surface DisplaySchuijt TJ, Narasimhan S, Daffre S, DePonte K, Hovius JW, Veer C, van der Poll T, Bakhtiari K, Meijers JC, Boder ET, van Dam AP, Fikrig E. Identification and Characterization of Ixodes scapularis Antigens That Elicit Tick Immunity Using Yeast Surface Display. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e15926. PMID: 21246036, PMCID: PMC3016337, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015926.
• Infectivity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is unaltered in C3-deficient micevan Burgel ND, Balmus NC, Fikrig E, van Dam AP. Infectivity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is unaltered in C3-deficient mice. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2010, 2: 20-26. PMID: 21771533, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2010.10.003.
• Tick Histamine Release Factor Is Critical for Ixodes scapularis Engorgement and Transmission of the Lyme Disease AgentDai J, Narasimhan S, Zhang L, Liu L, Wang P, Fikrig E. Tick Histamine Release Factor Is Critical for Ixodes scapularis Engorgement and Transmission of the Lyme Disease Agent. PLOS Pathogens 2010, 6: e1001205. PMID: 21124826, PMCID: PMC2991271, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001205.
• A Paradoxical Role for Neutrophils in the Pathogenesis of West Nile VirusBai F, Kong KF, Dai J, Qian F, Zhang L, Brown CR, Fikrig E, Montgometry R. A Paradoxical Role for Neutrophils in the Pathogenesis of West Nile Virus. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2010, 202: 1804-1812. PMID: 21050124, PMCID: PMC3053000, DOI: 10.1086/657416.
• Caspase-12 controls West Nile virus infection via the viral RNA receptor RIG-IWang P, Arjona A, Zhang Y, Sultana H, Dai J, Yang L, LeBlanc PM, Doiron K, Saleh M, Fikrig E. Caspase-12 controls West Nile virus infection via the viral RNA receptor RIG-I. Nature Immunology 2010, 11: 912-919. PMID: 20818395, PMCID: PMC3712356, DOI: 10.1038/ni.1933.
• TLR9-Targeted Biodegradable Nanoparticles as Immunization Vectors Protect against West Nile EncephalitisDemento SL, Bonafé N, Cui W, Kaech SM, Caplan MJ, Fikrig E, Ledizet M, Fahmy TM. TLR9-Targeted Biodegradable Nanoparticles as Immunization Vectors Protect against West Nile Encephalitis. The Journal Of Immunology 2010, 185: 2989-2997. PMID: 20660705, PMCID: PMC3753007, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000768.
• A C-Type Lectin Collaborates with a CD45 Phosphatase Homolog to Facilitate West Nile Virus Infection of MosquitoesCheng G, Cox J, Wang P, Krishnan MN, Dai J, Qian F, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. A C-Type Lectin Collaborates with a CD45 Phosphatase Homolog to Facilitate West Nile Virus Infection of Mosquitoes. Cell 2010, 142: 714-725. PMID: 20797779, PMCID: PMC2954371, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.07.038.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum AptA modulates Erk1/2 signallingSukumaran B, Mastronunzio JE, Narasimhan S, Fankhauser S, Uchil PD, Levy R, Graham M, Colpitts TM, Lesser CF, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum AptA modulates Erk1/2 signalling. Cellular Microbiology 2010, 13: 47-61. PMID: 20716207, PMCID: PMC3005019, DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2010.01516.x.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum induces Ixodes scapularis ticks to express an antifreeze glycoprotein gene that enhances their survival in the coldNeelakanta G, Sultana H, Fish D, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum induces Ixodes scapularis ticks to express an antifreeze glycoprotein gene that enhances their survival in the cold. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2010, 120: 3179-3190. PMID: 20739755, PMCID: PMC2929727, DOI: 10.1172/jci42868.
• Fucosylation enhances colonization of ticks by Anaplasma phagocytophilumPedra JH, Narasimhan S, Rendić D, DePonte K, Bell‐Sakyi L, Wilson IB, Fikrig E. Fucosylation enhances colonization of ticks by Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Cellular Microbiology 2010, 12: 1222-1234. PMID: 20331643, PMCID: PMC3250644, DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2010.01464.x.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum induces actin phosphorylation to selectively regulate gene transcription in Ixodes scapularis ticksSultana H, Neelakanta G, Kantor F, Malawista S, Fish D, Montgomery R, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum induces actin phosphorylation to selectively regulate gene transcription in Ixodes scapularis ticks. Journal Of Cell Biology 2010, 190: i8-i8. DOI: 10.1083/jcb1903oia8.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum induces actin phosphorylation to selectively regulate gene transcription in Ixodes scapularis ticksSultana H, Neelakanta G, Kantor FS, Malawista SE, Fish D, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum induces actin phosphorylation to selectively regulate gene transcription in Ixodes scapularis ticks. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2010, 207: 1727-1743. PMID: 20660616, PMCID: PMC2916137, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20100276.
• SEASONAL PREVALENCE OF SERUM ANTIBODIES TO WHOLE CELL AND RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI AND ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM IN WHITE-TAILED DEER IN CONNECTICUTMagnarelli LA, Williams SC, Fikrig E. SEASONAL PREVALENCE OF SERUM ANTIBODIES TO WHOLE CELL AND RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI AND ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM IN WHITE-TAILED DEER IN CONNECTICUT. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 2010, 46: 781-790. PMID: 20688684, DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-46.3.781.
• Lyme borreliosis vaccination: the facts, the challenge, the futureSchuijt TJ, Hovius JW, van der Poll T, van Dam AP, Fikrig E. Lyme borreliosis vaccination: the facts, the challenge, the future. Trends In Parasitology 2010, 27: 40-47. PMID: 20594913, DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2010.06.006.
• Increased TLR4 Expression and Downstream Cytokine Production in Immunosuppressed Adults Compared to Non-Immunosuppressed AdultsDunne DW, Shaw A, Bockenstedt LK, Allore HG, Chen S, Malawista SE, Leng L, Mizue Y, Piecychna M, Zhang L, Towle V, Bucala R, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E. Increased TLR4 Expression and Downstream Cytokine Production in Immunosuppressed Adults Compared to Non-Immunosuppressed Adults. PLOS ONE 2010, 5: e11343. PMID: 20596538, PMCID: PMC2893205, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011343.
• Immunization with Adenoviral-expressed salivary gland proteins (SALPs) decreases spirochete load in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis (52.2)Ullmann A, Dolan M, Fikrig E, Piesman J, Zeidner N. Immunization with Adenoviral-expressed salivary gland proteins (SALPs) decreases spirochete load in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis (52.2). The Journal Of Immunology 2010, 184: 52.2-52.2. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.52.2.
• Age-Associated Decrease in TLR Function in Primary Human Dendritic Cells Predicts Influenza Vaccine ResponsePanda A, Qian F, Mohanty S, van Duin D, Newman FK, Zhang L, Chen S, Towle V, Belshe RB, Fikrig E, Allore HG, Montgomery RR, Shaw AC. Age-Associated Decrease in TLR Function in Primary Human Dendritic Cells Predicts Influenza Vaccine Response. The Journal Of Immunology 2010, 184: 2518-2527. PMID: 20100933, PMCID: PMC3867271, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901022.
• The IFITM Proteins Mediate Cellular Resistance to Influenza A H1N1 Virus, West Nile Virus, and Dengue VirusBrass AL, Huang IC, Benita Y, John SP, Krishnan MN, Feeley EM, Ryan BJ, Weyer JL, van der Weyden L, Fikrig E, Adams DJ, Xavier RJ, Farzan M, Elledge SJ. The IFITM Proteins Mediate Cellular Resistance to Influenza A H1N1 Virus, West Nile Virus, and Dengue Virus. Cell 2009, 139: 1243-1254. PMID: 20064371, PMCID: PMC2824905, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.12.017.
• Antibodies against a Tick Protein, Salp15, Protect Mice from the Lyme Disease AgentDai J, Wang P, Adusumilli S, Booth CJ, Narasimhan S, Anguita J, Fikrig E. Antibodies against a Tick Protein, Salp15, Protect Mice from the Lyme Disease Agent. Cell Host & Microbe 2009, 6: 482-492. PMID: 19917502, PMCID: PMC2843562, DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2009.10.006.
• Toll-Like Receptors 1 and 2 Heterodimers Alter Borrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression in Mice and TicksFikrig E, Narasimhan S, Neelakanta G, Pal U, Chen M, Flavell R. Toll-Like Receptors 1 and 2 Heterodimers Alter Borrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression in Mice and Ticks. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2009, 200: 1331-1340. PMID: 19754309, PMCID: PMC2846271, DOI: 10.1086/605950.
• Passage through Ixodes scapularis Ticks Enhances the Virulence of a Weakly Pathogenic Isolate of Borrelia burgdorferi▿Adusumilli S, Booth CJ, Anguita J, Fikrig E. Passage through Ixodes scapularis Ticks Enhances the Virulence of a Weakly Pathogenic Isolate of Borrelia burgdorferi▿. Infection And Immunity 2009, 78: 138-144. PMID: 19822652, PMCID: PMC2798202, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00470-09.
• IL-10 Signaling Blockade Controls Murine West Nile Virus InfectionBai F, Town T, Qian F, Wang P, Kamanaka M, Connolly TM, Gate D, Montgomery RR, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. IL-10 Signaling Blockade Controls Murine West Nile Virus Infection. PLOS Pathogens 2009, 5: e1000610. PMID: 19816558, PMCID: PMC2749443, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000610.
• Human innate immunosenescence: causes and consequences for immunity in old agePanda A, Arjona A, Sapey E, Bai F, Fikrig E, Montgomery RR, Lord JM, Shaw AC. Human innate immunosenescence: causes and consequences for immunity in old age. Trends In Immunology 2009, 30: 325-333. PMID: 19541535, PMCID: PMC4067971, DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2009.05.004.
• Fusion Loop Peptide of the West Nile Virus Envelope Protein Is Essential for Pathogenesis and Is Recognized by a Therapeutic Cross-Reactive Human Monoclonal AntibodySultana H, Foellmer HG, Neelakanta G, Oliphant T, Engle M, Ledizet M, Krishnan MN, Bonafé N, Anthony KG, Marasco WA, Kaplan P, Montgomery RR, Diamond MS, Koski RA, Fikrig E. Fusion Loop Peptide of the West Nile Virus Envelope Protein Is Essential for Pathogenesis and Is Recognized by a Therapeutic Cross-Reactive Human Monoclonal Antibody. The Journal Of Immunology 2009, 183: 650-660. PMID: 19535627, PMCID: PMC3690769, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900093.
• Late Manifestations of Lyme BorreliosisHovius J, van Dam A, Fikrig E. Late Manifestations of Lyme Borreliosis. 2009, 9-25. DOI: 10.1128/9781555815486.ch2.
• The Urokinase Receptor (uPAR) Facilitates Clearance of Borrelia burgdorferiHovius JW, Bijlsma MF, van der Windt GJ, Wiersinga WJ, Boukens BJ, Coumou J, Oei A, de Beer R, de Vos AF, van 't Veer C, van Dam AP, Wang P, Fikrig E, Levi MM, Roelofs JJ, van der Poll T. The Urokinase Receptor (uPAR) Facilitates Clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi. PLOS Pathogens 2009, 5: e1000447. PMID: 19461880, PMCID: PMC2678258, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000447.
• Inflammasome-activating nanoparticles as modular systems for optimizing vaccine efficacyDemento SL, Eisenbarth SC, Foellmer HG, Platt C, Caplan MJ, Saltzman W, Mellman I, Ledizet M, Fikrig E, Flavell RA, Fahmy TM. Inflammasome-activating nanoparticles as modular systems for optimizing vaccine efficacy. Vaccine 2009, 27: 3013-3021. PMID: 19428913, PMCID: PMC2695996, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.034.
• Inflammasome-activating biodegradable nanoparticulates as vaccine delivery systems (135.80)Fahmy T, DEMENTO S, Eisenbarth S, Caplan M, Saltzman W, Mellman I, Ledizet M, Fikrig E, Flavell R. Inflammasome-activating biodegradable nanoparticulates as vaccine delivery systems (135.80). The Journal Of Immunology 2009, 182: 135.80-135.80. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.135.80.
• Inhibition of Neutrophil Function by Two Tick Salivary Proteins▿Guo X, Booth CJ, Paley MA, Wang X, DePonte K, Fikrig E, Narasimhan S, Montgomery RR. Inhibition of Neutrophil Function by Two Tick Salivary Proteins▿. Infection And Immunity 2009, 77: 2320-2329. PMID: 19332533, PMCID: PMC2687334, DOI: 10.1128/iai.01507-08.
• Toll-like Receptor 7 Mitigates Lethal West Nile Encephalitis via Interleukin 23-Dependent Immune Cell Infiltration and HomingTown T, Bai F, Wang T, Kaplan AT, Qian F, Montgomery RR, Anderson JF, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Toll-like Receptor 7 Mitigates Lethal West Nile Encephalitis via Interleukin 23-Dependent Immune Cell Infiltration and Homing. Immunity 2009, 30: 242-253. PMID: 19200759, PMCID: PMC2707901, DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2008.11.012.
• Effective siRNA targeting of the 3′ untranslated region of the West Nile virus genomeAnthony KG, Bai F, Krishnan MN, Fikrig E, Koski RA. Effective siRNA targeting of the 3′ untranslated region of the West Nile virus genome. Antiviral Research 2009, 82: 166-168. PMID: 19135091, DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2008.12.007.
• Innate Immune Responses to West Nile Virus InfectionArjona A, Fikrig E. Innate Immune Responses to West Nile Virus Infection. 2009, 169-187. DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-79840-0_8.
• A recombinant West Nile virus envelope protein vaccine candidate produced in Spodoptera frugiperda expresSF+ cellsBonafé N, Rininger JA, Chubet RG, Foellmer HG, Fader S, Anderson JF, Bushmich SL, Anthony K, Ledizet M, Fikrig E, Koski RA, Kaplan P. A recombinant West Nile virus envelope protein vaccine candidate produced in Spodoptera frugiperda expresSF+ cells. Vaccine 2008, 27: 213-222. PMID: 18996430, PMCID: PMC2651515, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.10.046.
• Preferential Protection of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Stricto by a Salp 15 Homologue in Ixodes ricinus SalivaHovius JW, Schuijt TJ, de Groot KA, Roelofs JJ, Oei GA, Marquart JA, de Beer R, Veer C, van der Poll T, Ramamoorthi N, Fikrig E, van Dam AP. Preferential Protection of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Stricto by a Salp 15 Homologue in Ixodes ricinus Saliva. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2008, 198: 1189-1197. PMID: 18752445, PMCID: PMC4317250, DOI: 10.1086/591917.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum Increases Cathepsin L Activity, Thereby Globally Influencing Neutrophil Function▿Thomas V, Samanta S, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum Increases Cathepsin L Activity, Thereby Globally Influencing Neutrophil Function▿. Infection And Immunity 2008, 76: 4905-4912. PMID: 18765732, PMCID: PMC2573316, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00851-08.
• RNA interference screen for human genes associated with West Nile virus infectionKrishnan MN, Ng A, Sukumaran B, Gilfoy FD, Uchil PD, Sultana H, Brass AL, Adametz R, Tsui M, Qian F, Montgomery RR, Lev S, Mason PW, Koski RA, Elledge SJ, Xavier RJ, Agaisse H, Fikrig E. RNA interference screen for human genes associated with West Nile virus infection. Nature 2008, 455: 242-245. PMID: 18690214, PMCID: PMC3136529, DOI: 10.1038/nature07207.
• Borrelia burgdorferi lipoprotein BmpA activates pro-inflammatory responses in human synovial cells through a protein moietyYang X, Izadi H, Coleman AS, Wang P, Ma Y, Fikrig E, Anguita J, Pal U. Borrelia burgdorferi lipoprotein BmpA activates pro-inflammatory responses in human synovial cells through a protein moiety. Microbes And Infection 2008, 10: 1300-1308. PMID: 18725314, PMCID: PMC2648844, DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2008.07.029.
• Drak2 Contributes to West Nile Virus Entry into the Brain and Lethal EncephalitisWang S, Welte T, McGargill M, Town T, Thompson J, Anderson JF, Flavell RA, Fikrig E, Hedrick SM, Wang T. Drak2 Contributes to West Nile Virus Entry into the Brain and Lethal Encephalitis. The Journal Of Immunology 2008, 181: 2084-2091. PMID: 18641347, PMCID: PMC2494872, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.3.2084.
• Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Facilitates West Nile Virus Entry into the Brain▿Wang P, Dai J, Bai F, Kong KF, Wong SJ, Montgomery RR, Madri JA, Fikrig E. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Facilitates West Nile Virus Entry into the Brain▿. Journal Of Virology 2008, 82: 8978-8985. PMID: 18632868, PMCID: PMC2546894, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00314-08.
• Dysregulation of TLR3 Impairs the Innate Immune Response to West Nile Virus in the Elderly ▿Kong KF, Delroux K, Wang X, Qian F, Arjona A, Malawista SE, Fikrig E, Montgomery RR. Dysregulation of TLR3 Impairs the Innate Immune Response to West Nile Virus in the Elderly ▿. Journal Of Virology 2008, 82: 7613-7623. PMID: 18508883, PMCID: PMC2493309, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00618-08.
• Extrinsic Incubation Periods for Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of West Nile Virus by Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)Anderson J, Main A, Delroux K, Fikrig E. Extrinsic Incubation Periods for Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of West Nile Virus by Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal Of Medical Entomology 2008, 51 DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[445:eipfha]2.0.co;2.
• Extrinsic incubation periods for horizontal and vertical transmission of West Nile virus by Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae).Anderson J, Main A, Delroux K, Fikrig E. Extrinsic incubation periods for horizontal and vertical transmission of West Nile virus by Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal Of Medical Entomology 2008, 45: 445-51. PMID: 18533438, DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[445:eipfha]2.0.co;2.
• Extrinsic Incubation Periods for Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of West Nile Virus by Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)Anderson J, Main A, Delroux K, Fikrig E. Extrinsic Incubation Periods for Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of West Nile Virus by Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal Of Medical Entomology 2008, 45: 445-451. DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585%282008%2945%5b445%3aeipfha%5d2.0.co%3b2.
• Extrinsic Incubation Periods for Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of West Nile Virus by Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)Anderson JF, Main AJ, Delroux K, Fikrig E. Extrinsic Incubation Periods for Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of West Nile Virus by Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal Of Medical Entomology 2008, 45: 445-451. DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/45.3.445.
• The Tick Salivary Protein Salp15 Inhibits the Killing of Serum-Sensitive Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Isolates▿Schuijt TJ, Hovius JW, van Burgel ND, Ramamoorthi N, Fikrig E, van Dam AP. The Tick Salivary Protein Salp15 Inhibits the Killing of Serum-Sensitive Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Isolates▿. Infection And Immunity 2008, 76: 2888-2894. PMID: 18426890, PMCID: PMC2446733, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00232-08.
• West Nile Virus Attenuates Activation of Primary Human MacrophagesKong KF, Wang X, Anderson JF, Fikrig E, Montgomery RR. West Nile Virus Attenuates Activation of Primary Human Macrophages. Viral Immunology 2008, 21: 78-82. PMID: 18355125, PMCID: PMC2666911, DOI: 10.1089/vim.2007.0072.
• Salivating for Knowledge: Potential Pharmacological Agents in Tick SalivaHovius JW, Levi M, Fikrig E. Salivating for Knowledge: Potential Pharmacological Agents in Tick Saliva. PLOS Medicine 2008, 5: e43. PMID: 18271624, PMCID: PMC2235897, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050043.
• Salp15 Binding to DC-SIGN Inhibits Cytokine Expression by Impairing both Nucleosome Remodeling and mRNA StabilizationHovius JW, de Jong MA, Dunnen J, Litjens M, Fikrig E, van der Poll T, Gringhuis SI, Geijtenbeek TB. Salp15 Binding to DC-SIGN Inhibits Cytokine Expression by Impairing both Nucleosome Remodeling and mRNA Stabilization. PLOS Pathogens 2008, 4: e31. PMID: 18282094, PMCID: PMC2242833, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.0040031.
• ICAM-1 Participates in the Entry of West Nile Virus into the Central Nervous System▿Dai J, Wang P, Bai F, Town T, Fikrig E. ICAM-1 Participates in the Entry of West Nile Virus into the Central Nervous System▿. Journal Of Virology 2008, 82: 4164-4168. PMID: 18256150, PMCID: PMC2292986, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02621-07.
• 26 Immune responses to spirochetesAnguita J, Olson C, Fikrig E. 26 Immune responses to spirochetes. 2008, 411-420. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-04404-2.10026-0.
• A Differential Role for BB0365 in the Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi in Mice and TicksPal U, Dai J, Li X, Neelakanta G, Luo P, Kumar M, Wang P, Yang X, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. A Differential Role for BB0365 in the Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi in Mice and Ticks. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2008, 197: 148-155. PMID: 18171298, DOI: 10.1086/523764.
• Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane proteins A and B participate in the genesis of Lyme arthritisPal U, Wang P, Bao F, Yang X, Samanta S, Schoen R, Wormser GP, Schwartz I, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane proteins A and B participate in the genesis of Lyme arthritis. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2007, 205: 133-141. PMID: 18166585, PMCID: PMC2234379, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20070962.
• West Nile Virus Envelope Protein Inhibits dsRNA-Induced Innate Immune ResponsesArjona A, Ledizet M, Anthony K, Bonafé N, Modis Y, Town T, Fikrig E. West Nile Virus Envelope Protein Inhibits dsRNA-Induced Innate Immune Responses. The Journal Of Immunology 2007, 179: 8403-8409. PMID: 18056386, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.12.8403.
• Antibodies Targeting Linear Determinants of the Envelope Protein Protect Mice against West Nile VirusLedizet M, Kar K, Foellmer HG, Bonafé N, Anthony KG, Gould LH, Bushmich SL, Fikrig E, Koski RA. Antibodies Targeting Linear Determinants of the Envelope Protein Protect Mice against West Nile Virus. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2007, 196: 1741-1748. PMID: 18190253, DOI: 10.1086/523654.
• c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase 2 Inhibits Gamma Interferon Production during Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection▿Pedra JH, Mattner J, Tao J, Kerfoot SM, Davis RJ, Flavell RA, Askenase PW, Yin Z, Fikrig E. c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase 2 Inhibits Gamma Interferon Production during Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection▿. Infection And Immunity 2007, 76: 308-316. PMID: 17998313, PMCID: PMC2223674, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00599-07.
• ASC/PYCARD and Caspase-1 Regulate the IL-18/IFN-γ Axis during Anaplasma phagocytophilum InfectionPedra JH, Sutterwala FS, Sukumaran B, Ogura Y, Qian F, Montgomery RR, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. ASC/PYCARD and Caspase-1 Regulate the IL-18/IFN-γ Axis during Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection. The Journal Of Immunology 2007, 179: 4783-4791. PMID: 17878377, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.7.4783.
• Abrogation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor decreases West Nile virus lethality by limiting viral neuroinvasionArjona A, Foellmer HG, Town T, Leng L, McDonald C, Wang T, Wong SJ, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E, Bucala R. Abrogation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor decreases West Nile virus lethality by limiting viral neuroinvasion. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2007, 117: 3059-3066. PMID: 17909632, PMCID: PMC1994625, DOI: 10.1172/jci32218.
• Identification of Salp15 Homologues in Ixodes ricinus TicksHovius JW, Ramamoorthi N, Veer C, de Groot KA, Nijhof AM, Jongejan F, van Dam AP, Fikrig E. Identification of Salp15 Homologues in Ixodes ricinus Ticks. Vector-Borne And Zoonotic Diseases 2007, 7: 296-303. PMID: 17896872, DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2006.0624.
• IL‐12/23p40‐dependent clearance of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the murine model of human anaplasmosisPedra JH, Tao J, Sutterwala FS, Sukumaran B, Berliner N, Bockenstedt LK, Flavell RA, Yin Z, Fikrig E. IL‐12/23p40‐dependent clearance of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the murine model of human anaplasmosis. Pathogens And Disease 2007, 50: 401-410. PMID: 17521390, DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2007.00270.x.
• Tick–host–pathogen interactions in Lyme borreliosisHovius JW, van Dam AP, Fikrig E. Tick–host–pathogen interactions in Lyme borreliosis. Trends In Parasitology 2007, 23: 434-438. PMID: 17656156, DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2007.07.001.
• Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Salp20, an Ixodes scapularis Tick Salivary Protein that Inhibits the Complement PathwayTyson K, Elkins C, Patterson H, Fikrig E, De Silva A. Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Salp20, an Ixodes scapularis Tick Salivary Protein that Inhibits the Complement Pathway. Insect Molecular Biology 2007, 16: 469-479. PMID: 17651236, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2007.00742.x.
• Role of Outer Surface Protein D in the Borrelia burgdorferi Life Cycle▿Li X, Neelakanta G, Liu X, Beck DS, Kantor FS, Fish D, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. Role of Outer Surface Protein D in the Borrelia burgdorferi Life Cycle▿. Infection And Immunity 2007, 75: 4237-4244. PMID: 17620358, PMCID: PMC1951184, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00632-07.
• A Tick Antioxidant Facilitates the Lyme Disease Agent's Successful Migration from the Mammalian Host to the Arthropod VectorNarasimhan S, Sukumaran B, Bozdogan U, Thomas V, Liang X, DePonte K, Marcantonio N, Koski RA, Anderson JF, Kantor F, Fikrig E. A Tick Antioxidant Facilitates the Lyme Disease Agent's Successful Migration from the Mammalian Host to the Arthropod Vector. Cell Host & Microbe 2007, 2: 7-18. PMID: 18005713, PMCID: PMC2699493, DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2007.06.001.
• Immunity against Ixodes scapularis Salivary Proteins Expressed within 24 Hours of Attachment Thwarts Tick Feeding and Impairs Borrelia TransmissionNarasimhan S, DePonte K, Marcantonio N, Liang X, Royce TE, Nelson KF, Booth CJ, Koski B, Anderson JF, Kantor F, Fikrig E. Immunity against Ixodes scapularis Salivary Proteins Expressed within 24 Hours of Attachment Thwarts Tick Feeding and Impairs Borrelia Transmission. PLOS ONE 2007, 2: e451. PMID: 17505544, PMCID: PMC1866177, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000451.
• A West Nile virus recombinant protein vaccine that coactivates innate and adaptive immunity.McDonald WF, Huleatt JW, Foellmer HG, Hewitt D, Tang J, Desai P, Price A, Jacobs A, Takahashi VN, Huang Y, Nakaar V, Alexopoulou L, Fikrig E, Powell TJ. A West Nile virus recombinant protein vaccine that coactivates innate and adaptive immunity. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2007, 195: 1607-17. PMID: 17471430, DOI: 10.1086/517613.
• Outer Surface Protein B Is Critical for Borrelia burgdorferi Adherence and Survival within Ixodes TicksNeelakanta G, Li X, Pal U, Liu X, Beck DS, DePonte K, Fish D, Kantor FS, Fikrig E. Outer Surface Protein B Is Critical for Borrelia burgdorferi Adherence and Survival within Ixodes Ticks. PLOS Pathogens 2007, 3: e33. PMID: 17352535, PMCID: PMC1817655, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.0030033.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum specifically induces tyrosine phosphorylation of ROCK1 during infectionThomas V, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum specifically induces tyrosine phosphorylation of ROCK1 during infection. Cellular Microbiology 2007, 9: 1730-1737. PMID: 17346310, DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00908.x.
• Rab 5 Is Required for the Cellular Entry of Dengue and West Nile Viruses▿Krishnan MN, Sukumaran B, Pal U, Agaisse H, Murray JL, Hodge TW, Fikrig E. Rab 5 Is Required for the Cellular Entry of Dengue and West Nile Viruses▿. Journal Of Virology 2007, 81: 4881-4885. PMID: 17301152, PMCID: PMC1900185, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02210-06.
• Age-Associated Defect in Human TLR-1/2 Functionvan Duin D, Mohanty S, Thomas V, Ginter S, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E, Allore HG, Medzhitov R, Shaw AC. Age-Associated Defect in Human TLR-1/2 Function. The Journal Of Immunology 2007, 178: 970-975. PMID: 17202359, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.2.970.
• Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia garinii alters the course of murine Lyme borreliosisHovius JW, Li X, Ramamoorthi N, Van Dam AP, Barthold SW, Van Der Poll T, Speelman P, Fikrig E. Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia garinii alters the course of murine Lyme borreliosis. Pathogens And Disease 2006, 49: 224-234. PMID: 17328756, DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2006.00177.x.
• Antiviral Peptides Targeting the West Nile Virus Envelope Protein▿Bai F, Town T, Pradhan D, Cox J, Ashish, Ledizet M, Anderson JF, Flavell RA, Krueger JK, Koski RA, Fikrig E. Antiviral Peptides Targeting the West Nile Virus Envelope Protein▿. Journal Of Virology 2006, 81: 2047-2055. PMID: 17151121, PMCID: PMC1797586, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01840-06.
• The Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi requires BB0690, a Dps homologue, to persist within ticksLi X, Pal U, Ramamoorthi N, Liu X, Desrosiers DC, Eggers CH, Anderson JF, Radolf JD, Fikrig E. The Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi requires BB0690, a Dps homologue, to persist within ticks. Molecular Microbiology 2006, 63: 694-710. PMID: 17181780, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05550.x.
• Cutting Edge: CD4 Is the Receptor for the Tick Saliva Immunosuppressor, Salp15Garg R, Juncadella IJ, Ramamoorthi N, Ashish, Ananthanarayanan SK, Thomas V, Rincón M, Krueger JK, Fikrig E, Yengo CM, Anguita J. Cutting Edge: CD4 Is the Receptor for the Tick Saliva Immunosuppressor, Salp15. The Journal Of Immunology 2006, 177: 6579-6583. PMID: 17082567, PMCID: PMC4302324, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.10.6579.
• Disruption of the salivary protein 14 in Ixodes scapularis nymphs and impact on pathogen acquisition.Pedra JH, Narasimhan S, Deponte K, Marcantonio N, Kantor FS, Fikrig E. Disruption of the salivary protein 14 in Ixodes scapularis nymphs and impact on pathogen acquisition. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2006, 75: 677-82. PMID: 17038693, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2006.75.677.
• ANTIBODIES TO WHOLE-CELL OR RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM, AND BABESIA MICROTI IN WHITE-FOOTED MICEMagnarelli LA, Stafford KC, IJdo JW, Fikrig E. ANTIBODIES TO WHOLE-CELL OR RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM, AND BABESIA MICROTI IN WHITE-FOOTED MICE. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 2006, 42: 732-738. PMID: 17255439, DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-42.4.732.
• Crystal Structure of West Nile Virus Envelope Glycoprotein Reveals Viral Surface Epitopes▿Kanai R, Kar K, Anthony K, Gould LH, Ledizet M, Fikrig E, Marasco WA, Koski RA, Modis Y. Crystal Structure of West Nile Virus Envelope Glycoprotein Reveals Viral Surface Epitopes▿. Journal Of Virology 2006, 80: 11000-11008. PMID: 16943291, PMCID: PMC1642136, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01735-06.
• γδ T Cells Facilitate Adaptive Immunity against West Nile Virus Infection in MiceWang T, Gao Y, Scully E, Davis CT, Anderson JF, Welte T, Ledizet M, Koski R, Madri JA, Barrett A, Yin Z, Craft J, Fikrig E. γδ T Cells Facilitate Adaptive Immunity against West Nile Virus Infection in Mice. The Journal Of Immunology 2006, 177: 1825-1832. PMID: 16849493, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.3.1825.
• An Ixodes scapularis protein required for survival of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in tick salivary glandsSukumaran B, Narasimhan S, Anderson JF, DePonte K, Marcantonio N, Krishnan MN, Fish D, Telford SR, Kantor FS, Fikrig E. An Ixodes scapularis protein required for survival of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in tick salivary glands. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2006, 203: 1507-1517. PMID: 16717118, PMCID: PMC2118316, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20060208.
• Borrelia burgdorferi Lacking BBK32, a Fibronectin-Binding Protein, Retains Full PathogenicityLi X, Liu X, Beck DS, Kantor FS, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi Lacking BBK32, a Fibronectin-Binding Protein, Retains Full Pathogenicity. Infection And Immunity 2006, 74: 3305-3313. PMID: 16714558, PMCID: PMC1479267, DOI: 10.1128/iai.02035-05.
• Gamma Interferon Plays a Crucial Early Antiviral Role in Protection against West Nile Virus InfectionShrestha B, Wang T, Samuel MA, Whitby K, Craft J, Fikrig E, Diamond MS. Gamma Interferon Plays a Crucial Early Antiviral Role in Protection against West Nile Virus Infection. Journal Of Virology 2006, 80: 5338-5348. PMID: 16699014, PMCID: PMC1472130, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00274-06.
• Borrelia burgdorferi–Traveling incognito?Fikrig E, Narasimhan S. Borrelia burgdorferi–Traveling incognito? Microbes And Infection 2006, 8: 1390-1399. PMID: 16698304, DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2005.12.022.
• Mechanisms of evasion of neutrophil killing by Anaplasma phagocytophilumCarlyon JA, Fikrig E. Mechanisms of evasion of neutrophil killing by Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Current Opinion In Hematology 2006, 13: 28-33. PMID: 16319684, DOI: 10.1097/01.moh.0000190109.00532.56.
• Early Transcriptional Response of Human Neutrophils to Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection†Sukumaran B, Carlyon JA, Cai JL, Berliner N, Fikrig E. Early Transcriptional Response of Human Neutrophils to Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection†. Infection And Immunity 2005, 73: 8089-8099. PMID: 16299303, PMCID: PMC1307096, DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.12.8089-8099.2005.
• Infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum Inhibits Proliferation and Differentiation of Myeloid Progenitors: New Insight into Infection-Related Pancytopenia.Gaines P, Thomas V, Fikrig E, Berliner N. Infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum Inhibits Proliferation and Differentiation of Myeloid Progenitors: New Insight into Infection-Related Pancytopenia. Blood 2005, 106: 3065. DOI: 10.1182/blood.v106.11.3065.3065.
• Protective and Therapeutic Capacity of Human Single-Chain Fv-Fc Fusion Proteins against West Nile VirusGould LH, Sui J, Foellmer H, Oliphant T, Wang T, Ledizet M, Murakami A, Noonan K, Lambeth C, Kar K, Anderson JF, de Silva AM, Diamond MS, Koski RA, Marasco WA, Fikrig E. Protective and Therapeutic Capacity of Human Single-Chain Fv-Fc Fusion Proteins against West Nile Virus. Journal Of Virology 2005, 79: 14606-14613. PMID: 16282460, PMCID: PMC1287547, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.79.23.14606-14613.2005.
• Seroprevalence of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in cats.Magnarelli LA, Bushmich SL, IJdo JW, Fikrig E. Seroprevalence of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in cats. American Journal Of Veterinary Research 2005, 66: 1895-9. PMID: 16334946, DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.1895.
• Association of Linear Plasmid 28-1 with an Arthritic Phenotype of Borrelia burgdorferiXu Q, Seemanapalli SV, Lomax L, McShan K, Li X, Fikrig E, Liang FT. Association of Linear Plasmid 28-1 with an Arthritic Phenotype of Borrelia burgdorferi. Infection And Immunity 2005, 73: 7208-7215. PMID: 16239515, PMCID: PMC1273894, DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.11.7208-7215.2005.
• Effects of Anaplasma phagocytophilum on Host Cell Ferritin mRNA and Protein LevelsCarlyon JA, Ryan D, Archer K, Fikrig E. Effects of Anaplasma phagocytophilum on Host Cell Ferritin mRNA and Protein Levels. Infection And Immunity 2005, 73: 7629-7636. PMID: 16239567, PMCID: PMC1273867, DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.11.7629-7636.2005.
• Modulation of NB4 promyelocytic leukemic cell machinery by Anaplasma phagocytophilumPedra JH, Sukumaran B, Carlyon JA, Berliner N, Fikrig E. Modulation of NB4 promyelocytic leukemic cell machinery by Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Genomics 2005, 86: 365-377. PMID: 16005178, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.05.008.
• The Lyme disease agent exploits a tick protein to infect the mammalian hostRamamoorthi N, Narasimhan S, Pal U, Bao F, Yang XF, Fish D, Anguita J, Norgard MV, Kantor FS, Anderson JF, Koski RA, Fikrig E. The Lyme disease agent exploits a tick protein to infect the mammalian host. Nature 2005, 436: 573-577. PMID: 16049492, PMCID: PMC4306560, DOI: 10.1038/nature03812.
• A recombinant envelope protein vaccine against West Nile virusLedizet M, Kar K, Foellmer HG, Wang T, Bushmich SL, Anderson JF, Fikrig E, Koski RA. A recombinant envelope protein vaccine against West Nile virus. Vaccine 2005, 23: 3915-3924. PMID: 15917113, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.03.006.
• Use of RNA Interference to Prevent Lethal Murine West Nile Virus InfectionBai F, Wang T, Pal U, Bao F, Gould LH, Fikrig E. Use of RNA Interference to Prevent Lethal Murine West Nile Virus Infection. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2005, 191: 1148-1154. PMID: 15747251, DOI: 10.1086/428507.
• Detection of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in naturally infected horses in the USA by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using whole-cell and recombinant antigensMagnarelli L, Fikrig E. Detection of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in naturally infected horses in the USA by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using whole-cell and recombinant antigens. Research In Veterinary Science 2005, 79: 99-103. PMID: 15924926, DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.11.009.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum Modulates gp91phox Gene Expression through Altered Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 and PU.1 Levels and Binding of CCAAT Displacement ProteinThomas V, Samanta S, Wu C, Berliner N, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum Modulates gp91phox Gene Expression through Altered Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 and PU.1 Levels and Binding of CCAAT Displacement Protein. Infection And Immunity 2004, 73: 208-218. PMID: 15618156, PMCID: PMC538944, DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.1.208-218.2005.
• Toll-like receptor 3 mediates West Nile virus entry into the brain causing lethal encephalitisWang T, Town T, Alexopoulou L, Anderson JF, Fikrig E, Flavell RA. Toll-like receptor 3 mediates West Nile virus entry into the brain causing lethal encephalitis. Nature Medicine 2004, 10: 1366-1373. PMID: 15558055, DOI: 10.1038/nm1140.
• Interferon‐γ deficiency reveals that 129Sv mice are inherently more susceptible to Anaplasma phagocytophilum than C57BL/6 miceWang T, Akkoyunlu M, Banerjee R, Fikrig E. Interferon‐γ deficiency reveals that 129Sv mice are inherently more susceptible to Anaplasma phagocytophilum than C57BL/6 mice. Pathogens And Disease 2004, 42: 299-305. PMID: 15477043, DOI: 10.1016/j.femsim.2004.06.001.
• TROSPA, an Ixodes scapularis Receptor for Borrelia burgdorferiPal U, Li X, Wang T, Montgomery RR, Ramamoorthi N, deSilva AM, Bao F, Yang X, Pypaert M, Pradhan D, Kantor FS, Telford S, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. TROSPA, an Ixodes scapularis Receptor for Borrelia burgdorferi. Cell 2004, 119: 457-468. PMID: 15537536, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.027.
• Borrelia burgdorferi Changes Its Surface Antigenic Expression in Response to Host Immune ResponsesLiang FT, Yan J, Mbow ML, Sviat SL, Gilmore RD, Mamula M, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi Changes Its Surface Antigenic Expression in Response to Host Immune Responses. Infection And Immunity 2004, 72: 5759-5767. PMID: 15385475, PMCID: PMC517580, DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.10.5759-5767.2004.
• CXCR2 Blockade Influences Anaplasma phagocytophilum Propagation but Not Histopathology in the Mouse Model of Human Granulocytic AnaplasmosisScorpio DG, Akkoyunlu M, Fikrig E, Dumler JS. CXCR2 Blockade Influences Anaplasma phagocytophilum Propagation but Not Histopathology in the Mouse Model of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis. MSphere 2004, 11: 963-968. PMID: 15358660, PMCID: PMC515272, DOI: 10.1128/cdli.11.5.963-968.2004.
• Protective Niche for Borrelia burgdorferi to Evade Humoral ImmunityLiang FT, Brown EL, Wang T, Iozzo RV, Fikrig E. Protective Niche for Borrelia burgdorferi to Evade Humoral Immunity. American Journal Of Pathology 2004, 165: 977-985. PMID: 15331421, PMCID: PMC1618599, DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63359-7.
• Immunity to West Nile virusWang T, Fikrig E. Immunity to West Nile virus. Current Opinion In Immunology 2004, 16: 519-523. PMID: 15245749, DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2004.05.008.
• A comparison of serologic tests for the detection of serum antibodies to whole-cell and recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in cattle.Magnarelli LA, Bushmich SL, Sherman BA, Fikrig E. A comparison of serologic tests for the detection of serum antibodies to whole-cell and recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in cattle. Canadian Veterinary Journal 2004, 45: 667-73. PMID: 15368740, PMCID: PMC546445.
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum Utilizes Multiple Host Evasion Mechanisms To Thwart NADPH Oxidase-Mediated Killing during Neutrophil InfectionCarlyon JA, Latif D, Pypaert M, Lacy P, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum Utilizes Multiple Host Evasion Mechanisms To Thwart NADPH Oxidase-Mediated Killing during Neutrophil Infection. Infection And Immunity 2004, 72: 4772-4783. PMID: 15271939, PMCID: PMC470610, DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.8.4772-4783.2004.
• Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein (osp) B expression independent of ospALiang FT, Caimano MJ, Radolf JD, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein (osp) B expression independent of ospA. Microbial Pathogenesis 2004, 37: 35-40. PMID: 15194158, DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2004.02.007.
• West Nile virus: a growing concern?Gould LH, Fikrig E. West Nile virus: a growing concern? Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2004, 113: 1102-1107. PMID: 15085186, PMCID: PMC385414, DOI: 10.1172/jci21623.
• USE OF RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI AND ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM IN ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS TO DETECT ANTIBODIES IN WHITE-TAILED DEERMagnarelli LA, IJdo JW, Ramakrishnan U, Henderson DW, Stafford KC, Fikrig E. USE OF RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI AND ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM IN ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS TO DETECT ANTIBODIES IN WHITE-TAILED DEER. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 2004, 40: 249-258. PMID: 15362824, DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-40.2.249.
• Preferential Presence of Decorin-Binding Protein B (BBA25) and BBA50 Antibodies in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Neurologic Lyme DiseaseFikrig E, Coyle PK, Schutzer SE, Chen M, Deng Z, Flavell RA. Preferential Presence of Decorin-Binding Protein B (BBA25) and BBA50 Antibodies in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Neurologic Lyme Disease. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 2004, 42: 1243-1246. PMID: 15004083, PMCID: PMC356844, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.3.1243-1246.2004.
• Essential Role for OspA/B in the Life Cycle of the Lyme Disease SpirocheteYang XF, Pal U, Alani SM, Fikrig E, Norgard MV. Essential Role for OspA/B in the Life Cycle of the Lyme Disease Spirochete. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2004, 199: 641-648. PMID: 14981112, PMCID: PMC2213294, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20031960.
• OspB Antibody Prevents Borrelia burgdorferi Colonization of Ixodes scapularisFikrig E, Pal U, Chen M, Anderson JF, Flavell RA. OspB Antibody Prevents Borrelia burgdorferi Colonization of Ixodes scapularis. Infection And Immunity 2004, 72: 1755-1759. PMID: 14977984, PMCID: PMC356050, DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.3.1755-1759.2004.
• Disruption of Ixodes scapularis anticoagulation by using RNA interferenceNarasimhan S, Montgomery RR, DePonte K, Tschudi C, Marcantonio N, Anderson JF, Sauer JR, Cappello M, Kantor FS, Fikrig E. Disruption of Ixodes scapularis anticoagulation by using RNA interference. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2004, 101: 1141-1146. PMID: 14745044, PMCID: PMC337020, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0307669100.
• OspC facilitates Borrelia burgdorferi invasion of Ixodes scapularis salivary glandsPal U, Yang X, Chen M, Bockenstedt LK, Anderson JF, Flavell RA, Norgard MV, Fikrig E. OspC facilitates Borrelia burgdorferi invasion of Ixodes scapularis salivary glands. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2004, 113: 220-230. PMID: 14722614, PMCID: PMC311436, DOI: 10.1172/jci19894.
• Detection of Human Anti-Flavivirus Antibodies with a West Nile Virus Recombinant Antigen Microsphere ImmunoassayWong SJ, Demarest VL, Boyle RH, Wang T, Ledizet M, Kar K, Kramer LD, Fikrig E, Koski RA. Detection of Human Anti-Flavivirus Antibodies with a West Nile Virus Recombinant Antigen Microsphere Immunoassay. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 2004, 42: 65-72. PMID: 14715733, PMCID: PMC321652, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.1.65-72.2004.
• Borrelia burgdorferi transcriptome in the central nervous system of non-human primatesNarasimhan S, Camaino M, Liang FT, Santiago F, Laskowski M, Philipp MT, Pachner AR, Radolf JD, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi transcriptome in the central nervous system of non-human primates. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2003, 100: 15953-15958. PMID: 14671329, PMCID: PMC307674, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2432412100.
• Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the tick and the mammalian hostAnguita J, Hedrick MN, Fikrig E. Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the tick and the mammalian host. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 2003, 27: 493-504. PMID: 14550942, DOI: 10.1016/s0168-6445(03)00036-6.
• Invasion and survival strategies of Anaplasma phagocytophilumCarlyon JA, Fikrig E. Invasion and survival strategies of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Cellular Microbiology 2003, 5: 743-754. PMID: 14531890, DOI: 10.1046/j.1462-5822.2003.00323.x.
• Immunoassay Targeting Nonstructural Protein 5 To Differentiate West Nile Virus Infection from Dengue and St. Louis Encephalitis Virus Infections and from Flavivirus VaccinationWong SJ, Boyle RH, Demarest VL, Woodmansee AN, Kramer LD, Li H, Drebot M, Koski RA, Fikrig E, Martin DA, Shi PY. Immunoassay Targeting Nonstructural Protein 5 To Differentiate West Nile Virus Infection from Dengue and St. Louis Encephalitis Virus Infections and from Flavivirus Vaccination. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 2003, 41: 4217-4223. PMID: 12958248, PMCID: PMC193845, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.41.9.4217-4223.2003.
• IFN-γ-Producing γδ T Cells Help Control Murine West Nile Virus InfectionWang T, Scully E, Yin Z, Kim JH, Wang S, Yan J, Mamula M, Anderson JF, Craft J, Fikrig E. IFN-γ-Producing γδ T Cells Help Control Murine West Nile Virus Infection. The Journal Of Immunology 2003, 171: 2524-2531. PMID: 12928402, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.171.5.2524.
• Murine neutrophils require α1,3-fucosylation but not PSGL-1 for productive infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilumCarlyon JA, Akkoyunlu M, Xia L, Yago T, Wang T, Cummings RD, McEver RP, Fikrig E. Murine neutrophils require α1,3-fucosylation but not PSGL-1 for productive infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Blood 2003, 102: 3387-3395. PMID: 12869507, DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-02-0621.
• Structurally Distinct Requirements for Binding of P-selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 and Sialyl Lewis x to Anaplasma phagocytophilum and P-selectin*Yago T, Leppänen A, Carlyon JA, Akkoyunlu M, Karmakar S, Fikrig E, Cummings RD, McEver RP. Structurally Distinct Requirements for Binding of P-selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 and Sialyl Lewis x to Anaplasma phagocytophilum and P-selectin*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2003, 278: 37987-37997. PMID: 12847092, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m305778200.
• Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the vector and vertebrate hostPal U, Fikrig E. Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the vector and vertebrate host. Microbes And Infection 2003, 5: 659-666. PMID: 12787742, DOI: 10.1016/s1286-4579(03)00097-2.
• STAT3 deletion during hematopoiesis causes Crohn's disease-like pathogenesis and lethality: A critical role of STAT3 in innate immunityWelte T, Zhang SS, Wang T, Zhang Z, Hesslein DG, Yin Z, Kano A, Iwamoto Y, Li E, Craft JE, Bothwell AL, Fikrig E, Koni PA, Flavell RA, Fu XY. STAT3 deletion during hematopoiesis causes Crohn's disease-like pathogenesis and lethality: A critical role of STAT3 in innate immunity. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2003, 100: 1879-1884. PMID: 12571365, PMCID: PMC149927, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0237137100.
• Lyme Disease VaccineEvans J, Fikrig E. Lyme Disease Vaccine. 2003, 202-216. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0053-7_13.
• An open-label, nonrandomized, single-center, prospective extension, clinical trial of booster dose schedules to assess the safety profile and immunogenicity of recombinant outer-surface protein A (OspA) Lyme disease vaccineSchoen RT, Deshefy-Longhi T, Van-Hoecke C, Buscarino C, Fikrig E. An open-label, nonrandomized, single-center, prospective extension, clinical trial of booster dose schedules to assess the safety profile and immunogenicity of recombinant outer-surface protein A (OspA) Lyme disease vaccine. Clinical Therapeutics 2003, 25: 210-224. PMID: 12637121, DOI: 10.1016/s0149-2918(03)90027-0.
• Repression of rac2 mRNA Expression by Anaplasma phagocytophila Is Essential to the Inhibition of Superoxide Production and Bacterial ProliferationCarlyon JA, Chan WT, Galán J, Roos D, Fikrig E. Repression of rac2 mRNA Expression by Anaplasma phagocytophila Is Essential to the Inhibition of Superoxide Production and Bacterial Proliferation. The Journal Of Immunology 2002, 169: 7009-7018. PMID: 12471136, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.12.7009.
• The Lyme Disease Vaccine Takes Its TollThomas V, Fikrig E. The Lyme Disease Vaccine Takes Its Toll. Vector-Borne And Zoonotic Diseases 2002, 2: 217-222. PMID: 12804162, DOI: 10.1089/153036602321653798.
• A novel family of anticoagulants from the saliva of Ixodes scapularisNarasimhan S, Koski RA, Beaulieu B, Anderson JF, Ramamoorthi N, Kantor F, Cappello M, Fikrig E. A novel family of anticoagulants from the saliva of Ixodes scapularis. Insect Molecular Biology 2002, 11: 641-650. PMID: 12421422, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2583.2002.00375.x.
• Cyclooxygenase 2 activity modulates the severity of murine Lyme arthritisAnguita J, Samanta S, Ananthanarayanan SK, Revilla B, Geba GP, Barthold SW, Fikrig E. Cyclooxygenase 2 activity modulates the severity of murine Lyme arthritis. Pathogens And Disease 2002, 34: 187-191. PMID: 12423770, PMCID: PMC4307933, DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2002.tb00623.x.
• Differential Expression of the p44 Gene Family in the Agent of Human Granulocytic EhrlichiosisIJdo JW, Wu C, Telford SR, Fikrig E. Differential Expression of the p44 Gene Family in the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis. Infection And Immunity 2002, 70: 5295-5298. PMID: 12183586, PMCID: PMC128253, DOI: 10.1128/iai.70.9.5295-5298.2002.
• Comparative reactivity of human sera to recombinant VlsE and other Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in class-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for Lyme borreliosisMagnarelli LA, Lawrenz M, Norris SJ, Fikrig E. Comparative reactivity of human sera to recombinant VlsE and other Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in class-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for Lyme borreliosis. Journal Of Medical Microbiology 2002, 51: 649-655. PMID: 12171295, DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-51-8-649.
• Molecular Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the Murine HostLiang FT, Nelson FK, Fikrig E. Molecular Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the Murine Host. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2002, 196: 275-280. PMID: 12119353, PMCID: PMC2193918, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20020770.
• Superoxide Anion Production during Anaplasma phagocytophila InfectionWang T, Malawista SE, Pal U, Grey M, Meek J, Akkoyunlu M, Thomas V, Fikrig E. Superoxide Anion Production during Anaplasma phagocytophila Infection. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2002, 186: 274-280. PMID: 12134266, DOI: 10.1086/341451.
• Hyporesponsiveness to vaccination with Borrelia burgdorferi OspA in humans and in TLR1- and TLR2-deficient miceAlexopoulou L, Thomas V, Schnare M, Lobet Y, Anguita J, Schoen RT, Medzhitov R, Fikrig E, Flavell RA. Hyporesponsiveness to vaccination with Borrelia burgdorferi OspA in humans and in TLR1- and TLR2-deficient mice. Nature Medicine 2002, 8: 878-884. PMID: 12091878, DOI: 10.1038/nm732.
• Murine Lyme Arthritis Development Mediated by p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase ActivityAnguita J, Barthold SW, Persinski R, Hedrick MN, Huy CA, Davis RJ, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Murine Lyme Arthritis Development Mediated by p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activity. The Journal Of Immunology 2002, 168: 6352-6357. PMID: 12055252, PMCID: PMC4309983, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.168.12.6352.
• Salp15, an Ixodes scapularis Salivary Protein, Inhibits CD4+ T Cell ActivationAnguita J, Ramamoorthi N, Hovius JW, Das S, Thomas V, Persinski R, Conze D, Askenase PW, Rincón M, Kantor FS, Fikrig E. Salp15, an Ixodes scapularis Salivary Protein, Inhibits CD4+ T Cell Activation. Immunity 2002, 16: 849-859. PMID: 12121666, DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(02)00325-4.
• DNA Microarray Assessment of Putative Borrelia burgdorferi Lipoprotein GenesLiang FT, Nelson FK, Fikrig E. DNA Microarray Assessment of Putative Borrelia burgdorferi Lipoprotein Genes. Infection And Immunity 2002, 70: 3300-3303. PMID: 12011030, PMCID: PMC128019, DOI: 10.1128/iai.70.6.3300-3303.2002.
• Examination of the Borrelia burgdorferi Transcriptome in Ixodes scapularis during FeedingNarasimhan S, Santiago F, Koski RA, Brei B, Anderson JF, Fish D, Fikrig E. Examination of the Borrelia burgdorferi Transcriptome in Ixodes scapularis during Feeding. Journal Of Bacteriology 2002, 184: 3122-3125. PMID: 12003955, PMCID: PMC135063, DOI: 10.1128/jb.184.11.3122-3125.2002.
• A Recombinant Envelope Protein-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for West Nile Virus SerodiagnosisWang T, Magnarelli LA, Anderson JF, Gould LH, Bushmich SL, Wong SJ, Fikrig E. A Recombinant Envelope Protein-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for West Nile Virus Serodiagnosis. Vector-Borne And Zoonotic Diseases 2002, 2: 105-109. PMID: 12653304, DOI: 10.1089/153036602321131904.
• Antibodies to granulocytic ehrlichiae in cattle from ConnecticutMagnarelli LA, Ijdo JW, Sherman B, Bushmich SL, Levy SA, Fikrig E. Antibodies to granulocytic ehrlichiae in cattle from Connecticut. Journal Of Medical Microbiology 2002, 51: 326-331. PMID: 11926738, DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-51-4-326.
• West Nile Virus Envelope ProteinWANG T, ANDERSON J, MAGNARELLI L, BUSHMICH S, WONG S, KOSKI R, FIKRIG E. West Nile Virus Envelope Protein. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences 2001, 951: 325-327. PMID: 11797789, DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02708.x.
• Immunization of Mice Against West Nile Virus with Recombinant Envelope ProteinWang T, Anderson J, Magnarelli L, Wong S, Koski R, Fikrig E. Immunization of Mice Against West Nile Virus with Recombinant Envelope Protein. The Journal Of Immunology 2001, 167: 5273-5277. PMID: 11673542, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.9.5273.
• Reactivity of dog sera to whole-cell or recombinant antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi by ELISA and immunoblot analysisMagnarelli LA, Levy SA, Ijdo JW, Wu C, Padula SJ, Fikrig E. Reactivity of dog sera to whole-cell or recombinant antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi by ELISA and immunoblot analysis. Journal Of Medical Microbiology 2001, 50: 889-895. PMID: 11599738, DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-50-10-889.
• Salp25D, an Ixodes scapularis Antioxidant, Is 1 of 14 Immunodominant Antigens in Engorged Tick Salivary GlandsDas S, Banerjee G, DePonte K, Marcantonio N, Kantor F, Fikrig E. Salp25D, an Ixodes scapularis Antioxidant, Is 1 of 14 Immunodominant Antigens in Engorged Tick Salivary Glands. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2001, 184: 1056-1064. PMID: 11574922, DOI: 10.1086/323351.
• Borrelia burgdorferi-Induced Inflammation Facilitates Spirochete Adaptation and Variable Major Protein-Like Sequence Locus RecombinationAnguita J, Thomas V, Samanta S, Persinski R, Hernanz C, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi-Induced Inflammation Facilitates Spirochete Adaptation and Variable Major Protein-Like Sequence Locus Recombination. The Journal Of Immunology 2001, 167: 3383-3390. PMID: 11544329, PMCID: PMC4309988, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.6.3383.
• Reactivity of serum samples of dogs and horses tested by use of class-specific recombinant-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of granulocytic ehrlichiosis.Magnarelli LA, Ijdo JW, Van Andel AE, Wu C, Oliver JH, Fikrig E. Reactivity of serum samples of dogs and horses tested by use of class-specific recombinant-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of granulocytic ehrlichiosis. American Journal Of Veterinary Research 2001, 62: 1365-9. PMID: 11560261, DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1365.
• Exploitation of Interleukin-8-Induced Neutrophil Chemotaxis by the Agent of Human Granulocytic EhrlichiosisAkkoyunlu M, Malawista S, Anguita J, Fikrig E. Exploitation of Interleukin-8-Induced Neutrophil Chemotaxis by the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis. Infection And Immunity 2001, 69: 5577-5588. PMID: 11500432, PMCID: PMC98672, DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.9.5577-5588.2001.
• Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the Agent of Human Granulocytic EhrlichiosisDe Martino S, Carlyon J, Fikrig E. Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 345: 150-151. PMID: 11450674, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200107123450218.
• Recombinant Protein-44-Based Class-Specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Serologic Diagnosis of Human Granulocytic EhrlichiosisMagnarelli L, IJdo J, Wu C, Fikrig E. Recombinant Protein-44-Based Class-Specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Serologic Diagnosis of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis. European Journal Of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 2001, 20: 482-485. PMID: 11561804, DOI: 10.1007/s100960100542.
• Inhibition of Borrelia burgdorferi-Tick Interactions In Vivo by Outer Surface Protein A AntibodyPal U, Montgomery R, Lusitani D, Voet P, Weynants V, Malawista S, Lobet Y, Fikrig E. Inhibition of Borrelia burgdorferi-Tick Interactions In Vivo by Outer Surface Protein A Antibody. The Journal Of Immunology 2001, 166: 7398-7403. PMID: 11390491, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.12.7398.
• Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Alters Murine Immune Responses, Pathogen Burden, and Severity of Lyme ArthritisThomas V, Anguita J, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Alters Murine Immune Responses, Pathogen Burden, and Severity of Lyme Arthritis. Infection And Immunity 2001, 69: 3359-3371. PMID: 11292759, PMCID: PMC98295, DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.5.3359-3371.2001.
• Dissociation of Infectivity and Pathogenicity inBorrelia burgdorferiThomas V, Anguita J, Samanta S, Rosa P, Stewart P, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Dissociation of Infectivity and Pathogenicity inBorrelia burgdorferi. Infection And Immunity 2001, 69: 3507-3509. PMID: 11292785, PMCID: PMC98321, DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.5.3507-3509.2001.
• OspA Immunization Decreases Transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi Spirochetes from Infected Peromyscus leucopus Mice to Larval Ixodes scapularis TicksTsao J, Barbour A, Luke C, Fikrig E, Fish D. OspA Immunization Decreases Transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi Spirochetes from Infected Peromyscus leucopus Mice to Larval Ixodes scapularis Ticks. Vector-Borne And Zoonotic Diseases 2001, 1: 65-74. PMID: 12653137, DOI: 10.1089/153036601750137705.
• Evaluation of a polyvalent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay incorporating a recombinant p44 antigen for diagnosis of granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and horses.Magnarelli LA, Ijdo JW, Van Andel AE, Wu C, Fikrig E. Evaluation of a polyvalent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay incorporating a recombinant p44 antigen for diagnosis of granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and horses. American Journal Of Veterinary Research 2001, 62: 29-32. PMID: 11197555, DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.29.
• Pathogenic strategies of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a unique bacterium that colonizes neutrophilsCarlyon J, Fikrig E. Pathogenic strategies of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a unique bacterium that colonizes neutrophils. 2001, 301-330. DOI: 10.1017/cbo9780511754845.014.
• Inhibition of Th1 Differentiation by IL-6 Is Mediated by SOCS1Diehl S, Anguita J, Hoffmeyer A, Zapton T, Ihle J, Fikrig E, Rincón M. Inhibition of Th1 Differentiation by IL-6 Is Mediated by SOCS1. Immunity 2000, 13: 805-815. PMID: 11163196, DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)00078-9.
• Detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis DNA in Amblyomma americanum ticks in Connecticut and Rhode Island.Ijdo J, Wu C, Magnarelli L, Stafford K, Anderson J, Fikrig E. Detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis DNA in Amblyomma americanum ticks in Connecticut and Rhode Island. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 2000, 38: 4655-6. PMID: 11101616, PMCID: PMC87657, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.12.4655-4656.2000.
• Serologic confirmation of Ehrlichia equi and Borrelia burgdorferi infections in horses from the northeastern United States.Magnarelli LA, Ijdo JW, Van Andel AE, Wu C, Padula SJ, Fikrig E. Serologic confirmation of Ehrlichia equi and Borrelia burgdorferi infections in horses from the northeastern United States. Journal Of The American Veterinary Medical Association 2000, 217: 1045-50. PMID: 11019714, DOI: 10.2460/javma.2000.217.1045.
• Attachment of Borrelia burgdorferi within Ixodes scapularis mediated by outer surface protein APal U, de Silva A, Montgomery R, Fish D, Anguita J, Anderson J, Lobet Y, Fikrig E. Attachment of Borrelia burgdorferi within Ixodes scapularis mediated by outer surface protein A. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2000, 106: 561-569. PMID: 10953031, PMCID: PMC380253, DOI: 10.1172/jci9427.
• Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Mice Deficient in Phagocyte Oxidase or Inducible Nitric Oxide SynthaseBanerjee R, Anguita J, Fikrig E. Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Mice Deficient in Phagocyte Oxidase or Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase. Infection And Immunity 2000, 68: 4361-4362. PMID: 10858261, PMCID: PMC101771, DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.7.4361-4362.2000.
• Arthropod- and Host-Specific Borrelia burgdorferi bbk32 Expression and the Inhibition of Spirochete TransmissionFikrig E, Feng W, Barthold S, Telford S, Flavell R. Arthropod- and Host-Specific Borrelia burgdorferi bbk32 Expression and the Inhibition of Spirochete Transmission. The Journal Of Immunology 2000, 164: 5344-5351. PMID: 10799897, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.10.5344.
• Serologic diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with recombinant antigens.Magnarelli L, Ijdo J, Padula S, Flavell R, Fikrig E. Serologic diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with recombinant antigens. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 2000, 38: 1735-9. PMID: 10790090, PMCID: PMC86574, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.5.1735-1739.2000.
• Cutting Edge: Infection by the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Prevents the Respiratory Burst by Down-Regulating gp91phoxBanerjee R, Anguita J, Roos D, Fikrig E. Cutting Edge: Infection by the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Prevents the Respiratory Burst by Down-Regulating gp91phox. The Journal Of Immunology 2000, 164: 3946-3949. PMID: 10754283, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.8.3946.
• The Emergence of Another Tickborne Infection in the 12-Town Area around Lyme, Connecticut: Human Granulocytic EhrlichiosisIJdo J, Meek J, Cartter M, Magnarelli L, Wu C, Tenuta S, Fikrig E, Ryder R. The Emergence of Another Tickborne Infection in the 12-Town Area around Lyme, Connecticut: Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2000, 181: 1388-1393. PMID: 10751139, DOI: 10.1086/315389.
• Gamma Interferon Dominates the Murine Cytokine Response to the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis and Helps To Control the Degree of Early RickettsemiaAkkoyunlu M, Fikrig E. Gamma Interferon Dominates the Murine Cytokine Response to the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis and Helps To Control the Degree of Early Rickettsemia. Infection And Immunity 2000, 68: 1827-1833. PMID: 10722570, PMCID: PMC97354, DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.4.1827-1833.2000.
• Borrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression In Vivo and Spirochete PathogenicityAnguita J, Samanta S, Revilla B, Suk K, Das S, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression In Vivo and Spirochete Pathogenicity. Infection And Immunity 2000, 68: 1222-1230. PMID: 10678930, PMCID: PMC97271, DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.3.1222-1230.2000.
• SALP16, a gene induced in Ixodes scapularis salivary glands during tick feeding.Das S, Marcantonio N, Deponte K, Telford SR, Anderson JF, Kantor FS, Fikrig E. SALP16, a gene induced in Ixodes scapularis salivary glands during tick feeding. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2000, 62: 99-105. PMID: 10761732, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2000.62.99.
• Serodiagnosis of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis by a recombinant HGE-44-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Ijdo J, Wu C, Magnarelli L, Fikrig E. Serodiagnosis of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis by a recombinant HGE-44-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1999, 37: 3540-4. PMID: 10523549, PMCID: PMC85687, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.37.11.3540-3544.1999.
• Serologic testing of horses for granulocytic ehrlichiosis, using indirect fluorescent antibody staining and immunoblot analysis.Magnarelli L, Van Andel A, Ijdo J, Heimer R, Fikrig E. Serologic testing of horses for granulocytic ehrlichiosis, using indirect fluorescent antibody staining and immunoblot analysis. American Journal Of Veterinary Research 1999, 60: 631-5. PMID: 10328436, DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.1999.60.05.631.
• Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Western Europevan Dobbenburgh A, van Dam A, Fikrig E. Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Western Europe. New England Journal Of Medicine 1999, 340: 1214-1216. PMID: 10206853, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199904153401517.
• ANTIBODIES TO GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIAE IN WHITE-FOOTED AND COTTON MICE IN EASTERN UNITED STATESMagnarelli L, Stafford K, IJdo J, Fikrig E, Oliver J, Hutcheson H, Boone J. ANTIBODIES TO GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIAE IN WHITE-FOOTED AND COTTON MICE IN EASTERN UNITED STATES. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 1999, 35: 259-265. PMID: 10231752, DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-35.2.259.
• INFECTIONS OF GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIAE AND BORRELIA BURGDORFERI IN WHITE-TAILED DEER IN CONNECTICUTMagnarelli L, IJdo J, Stafford K, Fikrig E. INFECTIONS OF GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIAE AND BORRELIA BURGDORFERI IN WHITE-TAILED DEER IN CONNECTICUT. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 1999, 35: 266-274. PMID: 10231753, DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-35.2.266.
• Selective Anti-Inflammatory Action of Interleukin-11 in Murine Lyme Disease: Arthritis Decreases while Carditis PersistsAnguita J, Barthold S, Samanta S, Ryan J, Fikrig E. Selective Anti-Inflammatory Action of Interleukin-11 in Murine Lyme Disease: Arthritis Decreases while Carditis Persists. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1999, 179: 734-737. PMID: 9952389, DOI: 10.1086/314613.
• Borrelia burgdorferi erpT expression in the arthropod vector and murine hostFikrig E, Chen M, Barthold S, Anguita J, Feng W, Telford S, Flavell R. Borrelia burgdorferi erpT expression in the arthropod vector and murine host. Molecular Microbiology 1999, 31: 281-290. PMID: 9987129, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01171.x.
• The immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody response to OspA and OspB correlates with severe and prolonged Lyme arthritis and the IgG response to P35 correlates with mild and brief arthritis.Akin E, McHugh G, Flavell R, Fikrig E, Steere A. The immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody response to OspA and OspB correlates with severe and prolonged Lyme arthritis and the IgG response to P35 correlates with mild and brief arthritis. Infection And Immunity 1999, 67: 173-81. PMID: 9864212, PMCID: PMC96293, DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.1.173-181.1999.
• Influence of outer surface protein A antibody on Borrelia burgdorferi within feeding ticks.de Silva A, Zeidner N, Zhang Y, Dolan M, Piesman J, Fikrig E. Influence of outer surface protein A antibody on Borrelia burgdorferi within feeding ticks. Infection And Immunity 1999, 67: 30-5. PMID: 9864192, PMCID: PMC96273, DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.1.30-35.1999.
• Reactivity of Human Sera to Different Strains of Granulocytic Ehrlichiae in Immunodiagnostic AssaysMagnarelli L, IJdo J, Dumler J, Heimer R, Fikrig E. Reactivity of Human Sera to Different Strains of Granulocytic Ehrlichiae in Immunodiagnostic Assays. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1998, 178: 1835-1838. PMID: 9815246, DOI: 10.1086/314516.
• Borrelia burgdorferi-Infected, Interleukin-6-Deficient Mice Have Decreased Th2 Responses and Increased Lyme ArthritisAnguita J, Rincón M, Samanta S, Barthold SW, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi-Infected, Interleukin-6-Deficient Mice Have Decreased Th2 Responses and Increased Lyme Arthritis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1998, 178: 1512-1515. PMID: 9780277, DOI: 10.1086/314448.
• Borrelia burgdorferi P35 and P37 Proteins, Expressed In Vivo, Elicit Protective ImmunityFikrig E, Barthold S, Sun W, Feng W, Telford S. Borrelia burgdorferi P35 and P37 Proteins, Expressed In Vivo, Elicit Protective Immunity. Immunity 1998, 9: 756. DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80672-x.
• Differential expression of Borrelia burgdorferi genes during erythema migrans and Lyme arthritis.Fikrig E, Feng W, Aversa J, Schoen RT, Flavell RA. Differential expression of Borrelia burgdorferi genes during erythema migrans and Lyme arthritis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1998, 178: 1198-201. PMID: 9806060, DOI: 10.1086/515684.
• Human exposure to a granulocytic Ehrlichia and other tick-borne agents in Connecticut.Magnarelli L, Ijdo J, Anderson J, Padula S, Flavell R, Fikrig E. Human exposure to a granulocytic Ehrlichia and other tick-borne agents in Connecticut. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1998, 36: 2823-7. PMID: 9738027, PMCID: PMC105071, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.36.10.2823-2827.1998.
• Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, a tick-borne disease.Ijdo JW, Fikrig E. Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, a tick-borne disease. Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde 1998, 142: 1778-81. PMID: 9856144.
• Vaccination against Lyme Disease with Recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi Outer-Surface Lipoprotein A with AdjuvantSteere A, Sikand V, Meurice F, Parenti D, Fikrig E, Schoen R, Nowakowski J, Schmid C, Laukamp S, Buscarino C, Krause D. Vaccination against Lyme Disease with Recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi Outer-Surface Lipoprotein A with Adjuvant. New England Journal Of Medicine 1998, 339: 209-215. PMID: 9673298, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199807233390401.
• Cloning of the gene encoding the 44-kilodalton antigen of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis and characterization of the humoral response.Ijdo J, Sun W, Zhang Y, Magnarelli L, Fikrig E. Cloning of the gene encoding the 44-kilodalton antigen of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis and characterization of the humoral response. Infection And Immunity 1998, 66: 3264-9. PMID: 9632594, PMCID: PMC108341, DOI: 10.1128/iai.66.7.3264-3269.1998.
• Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis during pregnancy treated successfully with rifampin.Buitrago MI, Ijdo JW, Rinaudo P, Simon H, Copel J, Gadbaw J, Heimer R, Fikrig E, Bia FJ. Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis during pregnancy treated successfully with rifampin. Clinical Infectious Diseases 1998, 27: 213-5. PMID: 9675481, DOI: 10.1086/517678.
• Prevention of Borrelia burgdorferi transmission in guinea pigs by tick immunity.Nazario S, Das S, de Silva AM, Deponte K, Marcantonio N, Anderson JF, Fish D, Fikrig E, Kantor FS. Prevention of Borrelia burgdorferi transmission in guinea pigs by tick immunity. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 1998, 58: 780-5. PMID: 9660463, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.58.780.
• The agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis resides in an endosomal compartment.Webster P, IJdo JW, Chicoine LM, Fikrig E. The agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis resides in an endosomal compartment. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1998, 101: 1932-1941. PMID: 9576758, PMCID: PMC508780, DOI: 10.1172/jci1544.
• Granulocytic ehrlichiosis in tick-immune guinea pigs.Das S, Deponte K, Marcantonio N, Ijdo J, Hodzic E, Katavolos P, Barthold S, Telford S, Kantor F, Fikrig E. Granulocytic ehrlichiosis in tick-immune guinea pigs. Infection And Immunity 1998, 66: 1803-5. PMID: 9529119, PMCID: PMC108126, DOI: 10.1128/iai.66.4.1803-1805.1998.
• Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in the Laboratory MouseHodzic E, IJdo J, Feng S, Katavolos P, Sun W, Maretzki C, Fish D, Fikrig E, Telford S, Barthold S. Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in the Laboratory Mouse. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1998, 177: 737-745. PMID: 9498456, DOI: 10.1086/514236.
• Immune Evasion by Tickborne and Host-Adapted Borrelia burgdorferide Silva A, Fikrig E, Hodzic E, Kantor F, Telford S, Barthold S. Immune Evasion by Tickborne and Host-Adapted Borrelia burgdorferi. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1998, 177: 395-400. PMID: 9466527, DOI: 10.1086/514200.
• Heat shock protein 70 of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis binds to Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies.Ijdo J, Zhang Y, Anderson M, Goldberg D, Fikrig E. Heat shock protein 70 of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis binds to Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies. MSphere 1998, 5: 118-20. PMID: 9455892, PMCID: PMC121403, DOI: 10.1128/cdli.5.1.118-120.1998.
• Immunization against the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in a murine model.Sun W, IJdo JW, Telford SR, Hodzic E, Zhang Y, Barthold SW, Fikrig E. Immunization against the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in a murine model. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1997, 100: 3014-3018. PMID: 9399947, PMCID: PMC508513, DOI: 10.1172/jci119855.
• Protective antibodies develop, and murine Lyme arthritis regresses, in the absence of MHC class II and CD4+ T cells.Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Chen M, Chang CH, Flavell RA. Protective antibodies develop, and murine Lyme arthritis regresses, in the absence of MHC class II and CD4+ T cells. The Journal Of Immunology 1997, 159: 5682-6. PMID: 9548512, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.159.11.5682.
• Antibodies to Ehrlichia equi in dogs from the northeastern United States.Magnarelli L, IJdo J, Anderson J, Madigan J, Dumler J, Fikrig E. Antibodies to Ehrlichia equi in dogs from the northeastern United States. Journal Of The American Veterinary Medical Association 1997, 211: 1134-7. PMID: 9364226, DOI: 10.2460/javma.1997.211.09.1134.
• Borrelia burgdorferi strain-specific Osp C-mediated immunity in mice.Bockenstedt LK, Hodzic E, Feng S, Bourrel KW, de Silva A, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E, Radolf JD, Barthold SW. Borrelia burgdorferi strain-specific Osp C-mediated immunity in mice. Infection And Immunity 1997, 65: 4661-7. PMID: 9353047, PMCID: PMC175668, DOI: 10.1128/iai.65.11.4661-4667.1997.
• Ablation of interleukin-12 exacerbates Lyme arthritis in SCID mice.Anguita J, Samanta S, Barthold SW, Fikrig E. Ablation of interleukin-12 exacerbates Lyme arthritis in SCID mice. Infection And Immunity 1997, 65: 4334-6. PMID: 9317045, PMCID: PMC175621, DOI: 10.1128/iai.65.10.4334-4336.1997.
• The Early Humoral Response in Human Granulocytic EhrlichiosisIJdo JW, Zhang Y, Hodzic E, Magnarelli LA, Wilson ML, Telford SR, Barthold SW, Fikrig E. The Early Humoral Response in Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1997, 176: 687-692. PMID: 9291316, DOI: 10.1086/514091.
• OspA antibodies inhibit the acquisition of Borrelia burgdorferi by Ixodes ticks.de Silva AM, Fish D, Burkot TR, Zhang Y, Fikrig E. OspA antibodies inhibit the acquisition of Borrelia burgdorferi by Ixodes ticks. Infection And Immunity 1997, 65: 3146-50. PMID: 9234767, PMCID: PMC175444, DOI: 10.1128/iai.65.8.3146-3150.1997.
• B7-1 and B7-2 monoclonal antibodies modulate the severity of murine Lyme arthritis.Anguita J, Roth R, Samanta S, Gee RJ, Barthold SW, Mamula M, Fikrig E. B7-1 and B7-2 monoclonal antibodies modulate the severity of murine Lyme arthritis. Infection And Immunity 1997, 65: 3037-41. PMID: 9234751, PMCID: PMC175428, DOI: 10.1128/iai.65.8.3037-3041.1997.
• Protective and Arthritis-Resolving Activity in Sera of Mice Infected with Borrelia burgdorferiBarthold S, Feng S, Bockenstedt L, Fikrig E, Feen K. Protective and Arthritis-Resolving Activity in Sera of Mice Infected with Borrelia burgdorferi. Clinical Infectious Diseases 1997, 25: s9-s17. PMID: 9233658, DOI: 10.1086/516166.
• Borrelia burgdorferi genes selectively expressed in ticks and mammalsde Silva AM, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi genes selectively expressed in ticks and mammals. Trends In Parasitology 1997, 13: 267-270. PMID: 15275064, DOI: 10.1016/s0169-4758(97)01074-0.
• Heterogeneity of Lyme disease spirochaetes within individual vector ticksBrunet L, Spielman A, Fikrig E, Telford SR. Heterogeneity of Lyme disease spirochaetes within individual vector ticks. Research In Microbiology 1997, 148: 437-445. PMID: 9765822, DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2508(97)83874-0.
• Borrelia burgdorferi P35 and P37 Proteins, Expressed In Vivo, Elicit Protective ImmunityFikrig E, Barthold S, Sun W, Feng W, Telford S, Flavell R. Borrelia burgdorferi P35 and P37 Proteins, Expressed In Vivo, Elicit Protective Immunity. Immunity 1997, 6: 531-539. PMID: 9175831, DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80341-6.
• Lyme Borreliosis in Transgenic Mice Tolerant to OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi 25015Fikrig E, Barthold S, Chen M, Tao H, Ali-Salaam P, Bockenstedt L, Flavell R. Lyme Borreliosis in Transgenic Mice Tolerant to OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi 25015. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1997, 175: 1000-1003. PMID: 9086169, DOI: 10.1086/513958.
• Lyme disease in transgenic mice expressing the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin epitope implicated in human neuroborreliosisFikrig E, Barthold S. Lyme disease in transgenic mice expressing the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin epitope implicated in human neuroborreliosis. FEMS Microbiology Letters 1997, 148: 137-143. PMID: 9084140, DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10279.x.
• Temporal pattern of Borrelia burgdorferi p21 expression in ticks and the mammalian host.Das S, Barthold SW, Giles SS, Montgomery RR, Telford SR, Fikrig E. Temporal pattern of Borrelia burgdorferi p21 expression in ticks and the mammalian host. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1997, 99: 987-995. PMID: 9062357, PMCID: PMC507907, DOI: 10.1172/jci119264.
• Interleukin (IL)-6 Directs the Differentiation of IL-4–producing CD4+ T CellsRincón M, Anguita J, Nakamura T, Fikrig E, Flavell R. Interleukin (IL)-6 Directs the Differentiation of IL-4–producing CD4+ T Cells. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 1997, 185: 461-470. PMID: 9053446, PMCID: PMC2196041, DOI: 10.1084/jem.185.3.461.
• Arthropod- and host-specific gene expression by Borrelia burgdorferi.de Silva AM, Fikrig E. Arthropod- and host-specific gene expression by Borrelia burgdorferi. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1997, 99: 377-379. PMID: 9022068, PMCID: PMC507808, DOI: 10.1172/jci119169.
• Borrelia burgdorferi enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for discrimination of OspA vaccination from spirochete infection.Zhang YQ, Mathiesen D, Kolbert CP, Anderson J, Schoen RT, Fikrig E, Persing DH. Borrelia burgdorferi enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for discrimination of OspA vaccination from spirochete infection. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1997, 35: 233-8. PMID: 8968914, PMCID: PMC229545, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.35.1.233-238.1997.
• Serologic diagnosis of canine and equine borreliosis: use of recombinant antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Magnarelli LA, Flavell RA, Padula SJ, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. Serologic diagnosis of canine and equine borreliosis: use of recombinant antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1997, 35: 169-73. PMID: 8968901, PMCID: PMC229532, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.35.1.169-173.1997.
• Identification of a Borrelia burgdorferi OspA T cell epitope that promotes anti-OspA IgG in mice.Bockenstedt LK, Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Flavell RA, Kantor FS. Identification of a Borrelia burgdorferi OspA T cell epitope that promotes anti-OspA IgG in mice. The Journal Of Immunology 1996, 157: 5496-502. PMID: 8955199, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.157.12.5496.
• Protective antibodies in murine Lyme disease arise independently of CD40 ligand.Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Chen M, Grewal IS, Craft J, Flavell RA. Protective antibodies in murine Lyme disease arise independently of CD40 ligand. The Journal Of Immunology 1996, 157: 1-3. PMID: 8683101, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.157.1.1.
• Characterization of two genes, p11 and p5, on the Borrelia burgdorferi 49-kilo base linear plasmidFeng S, Das S, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Characterization of two genes, p11 and p5, on the Borrelia burgdorferi 49-kilo base linear plasmid. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta 1996, 1307: 270-272. PMID: 8688460, DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(96)00076-0.
• Novel Borrelia burgdorferi isolates from Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes dentatus ticks feeding on humans.Anderson JF, Flavell RA, Magnarelli LA, Barthold SW, Kantor FS, Wallich R, Persing DH, Mathiesen D, Fikrig E. Novel Borrelia burgdorferi isolates from Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes dentatus ticks feeding on humans. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1996, 34: 524-9. PMID: 8904407, PMCID: PMC228839, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.34.3.524-529.1996.
• Effect of anti-interleukin 12 treatment on murine lyme borreliosis.Anguita J, Persing DH, Rincon M, Barthold SW, Fikrig E. Effect of anti-interleukin 12 treatment on murine lyme borreliosis. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1996, 97: 1028-1034. PMID: 8613525, PMCID: PMC507149, DOI: 10.1172/jci118494.
• Use of recombinant antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi in serologic tests for diagnosis of lyme borreliosis.Magnarelli LA, Fikrig E, Padula SJ, Anderson JF, Flavell RA. Use of recombinant antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi in serologic tests for diagnosis of lyme borreliosis. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1996, 34: 237-40. PMID: 8788993, PMCID: PMC228775, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.34.2.237-240.1996.
• P55, an immunogenic but nonprotective 55-kilodalton Borrelia burgdorferi protein in murine Lyme disease.Feng S, Barthold SW, Telford SR, Fikrig E. P55, an immunogenic but nonprotective 55-kilodalton Borrelia burgdorferi protein in murine Lyme disease. Infection And Immunity 1996, 64: 363-5. PMID: 8557366, PMCID: PMC173770, DOI: 10.1128/iai.64.1.363-365.1996.
• Borrelia burgdorferi OspA is an arthropod-specific transmission-blocking Lyme disease vaccine.de Silva AM, Telford SR, Brunet LR, Barthold SW, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi OspA is an arthropod-specific transmission-blocking Lyme disease vaccine. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 1996, 183: 271-275. PMID: 8551231, PMCID: PMC2192397, DOI: 10.1084/jem.183.1.271.
• Characterization of a 30-kDa Borrelia burgdorferi substrate-binding protein homologueDas S, Shraga D, Gannon C, Lam TT, Feng S, Brunet LR, Telford SR, Barthold SW, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Characterization of a 30-kDa Borrelia burgdorferi substrate-binding protein homologue. Research In Microbiology 1996, 147: 739-751. PMID: 9296108, DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2508(97)85121-2.
• An ospA frame shift, identified from DNA in Lyme arthritis synovial fluid, results in an outer surface protein A that does not bind protective antibodies.Fikrig E, Liu B, Fu LL, Das S, Smallwood JI, Flavell RA, Persing DH, Schoen RT, Barthold SW, Malawista SE. An ospA frame shift, identified from DNA in Lyme arthritis synovial fluid, results in an outer surface protein A that does not bind protective antibodies. The Journal Of Immunology 1995, 155: 5700-4. PMID: 7499856, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.155.12.5700.
• Serologic responses of dogs naturally exposed to or vaccinated against Borrelia burgdorferi infection.Barthold S, Levy S, Fikrig E, Bockenstedt L, Smith A. Serologic responses of dogs naturally exposed to or vaccinated against Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Journal Of The American Veterinary Medical Association 1995, 207: 1435-40. PMID: 7493871, DOI: 10.2460/javma.1995.207.11.1435.
• Coexistence of antibodies to tick-borne pathogens of babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, and Lyme borreliosis in human sera.Magnarelli LA, Dumler JS, Anderson JF, Johnson RC, Fikrig E. Coexistence of antibodies to tick-borne pathogens of babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, and Lyme borreliosis in human sera. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1995, 33: 3054-7. PMID: 8576376, PMCID: PMC228637, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.11.3054-3057.1995.
• Safety and immunogenicity of an outer surface protein A vaccine in subjects with previous Lyme disease.Schoen RT, Meurice F, Brunet CM, Cretella S, Krause DS, Craft JE, Fikrig E. Safety and immunogenicity of an outer surface protein A vaccine in subjects with previous Lyme disease. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1995, 172: 1324-9. PMID: 7594671, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/172.5.1324.
• Growth and migration of Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes ticks during blood feeding.De Silva AM, Fikrig E. Growth and migration of Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes ticks during blood feeding. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 1995, 53: 397-404. PMID: 7485694, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1995.53.397.
• Lyme borreliosis in transgenic mice tolerant to Borrelia burgdorferi OspA or B.Fikrig E, Tao H, Chen M, Barthold SW, Flavell RA. Lyme borreliosis in transgenic mice tolerant to Borrelia burgdorferi OspA or B. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1995, 96: 1706-1714. PMID: 7560061, PMCID: PMC185806, DOI: 10.1172/jci118215.
• The hook protein of Borrelia burgdorferi, encoded by the flgE gene, is serologically recognized in Lyme disease.Jwang B, Dewing P, Fikrig E, Flavell RA. The hook protein of Borrelia burgdorferi, encoded by the flgE gene, is serologically recognized in Lyme disease. MSphere 1995, 2: 609-15. PMID: 8548542, PMCID: PMC170207, DOI: 10.1128/cdli.2.5.609-615.1995.
• A 55-kilodalton antigen encoded by a gene on a Borrelia burgdorferi 49-kilobase plasmid is recognized by antibodies in sera from patients with Lyme disease.Feng S, Das S, Lam T, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. A 55-kilodalton antigen encoded by a gene on a Borrelia burgdorferi 49-kilobase plasmid is recognized by antibodies in sera from patients with Lyme disease. Infection And Immunity 1995, 63: 3459-66. PMID: 7642278, PMCID: PMC173477, DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.9.3459-3466.1995.
• Lyme disease in human DR4Dw4-transgenic mice.Feng S, Barthold SW, Bockenstedt LK, Zaller DM, Fikrig E. Lyme disease in human DR4Dw4-transgenic mice. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1995, 172: 286-9. PMID: 7797933, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/172.1.286.
• Evaluation of a lyme disease enzyme immunoassay using the 41-G fragment of flagellinCretella S, Gordon S, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Evaluation of a lyme disease enzyme immunoassay using the 41-G fragment of flagellin. European Journal Of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 1995, 14: 609-613. PMID: 7588849, DOI: 10.1007/bf01690736.
• Progress Towards a Vaccine for Lyme DiseaseTelford S, Fikrig E. Progress Towards a Vaccine for Lyme Disease. BioDrugs 1995, 4: 49-60. DOI: 10.1007/bf03259070.
• REACTIVITY OF WHITE-FOOTED MOUSE AND RACCOON SERA TO WHOLE CELL AND RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERIMagnarelli L, Anderson J, Flavell R, Fikrig E. REACTIVITY OF WHITE-FOOTED MOUSE AND RACCOON SERA TO WHOLE CELL AND RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 1995, 31: 339-344. PMID: 8592354, DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-31.3.339.
• Circumvention of outer surface protein A immunity by host-adapted Borrelia burgdorferi.Barthold SW, Fikrig E, Bockenstedt LK, Persing DH. Circumvention of outer surface protein A immunity by host-adapted Borrelia burgdorferi. Infection And Immunity 1995, 63: 2255-61. PMID: 7768606, PMCID: PMC173294, DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.6.2255-2261.1995.
• Borrelia burgdorferi genes selectively expressed in the infected host.Suk K, Das S, Sun W, Jwang B, Barthold SW, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi genes selectively expressed in the infected host. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1995, 92: 4269-4273. PMID: 7753795, PMCID: PMC41925, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.10.4269.
• Selection of variant Borrelia burgdorferi isolates from mice immunized with outer surface protein A or B.Fikrig E, Tao H, Barthold SW, Flavell RA. Selection of variant Borrelia burgdorferi isolates from mice immunized with outer surface protein A or B. Infection And Immunity 1995, 63: 1658-62. PMID: 7729870, PMCID: PMC173206, DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.5.1658-1662.1995.
• Efficacy of human Lyme disease vaccine formulations in a mouse model.Telford SR, Kantor FS, Lobet Y, Barthold SW, Spielman A, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Efficacy of human Lyme disease vaccine formulations in a mouse model. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1995, 171: 1368-70. PMID: 7751719, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/171.5.1368.
• Oral vaccination with an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strain expressing Borrelia burgdorferi OspA prevents murine Lyme borreliosis.Dunne M, al-Ramadi BK, Barthold SW, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Oral vaccination with an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strain expressing Borrelia burgdorferi OspA prevents murine Lyme borreliosis. Infection And Immunity 1995, 63: 1611-4. PMID: 7890431, PMCID: PMC173199, DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.4.1611-1614.1995.
• Vaccination against Lyme disease caused by diverse Borrelia burgdorferi.Fikrig E, Telford SR, Wallich R, Chen M, Lobet Y, Matuschka FR, Kimsey RB, Kantor FS, Barthold SW, Spielman A, Flavell RA. Vaccination against Lyme disease caused by diverse Borrelia burgdorferi. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 1995, 181: 215-221. PMID: 7807004, PMCID: PMC2191810, DOI: 10.1084/jem.181.1.215.
• ReplyFikrig E, Bockenstedt L, Barthold S, Chen M, Tao H, Ali-Salaam P, Telford S, Flavell R. Reply. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1994, 170: 500-500. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/170.2.500.
• Gout in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.McMillen MA, Cunningham ME, Schoen R, Fikrig E. Gout in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. British Journal Of Rheumatology 1994, 33: 595-6. PMID: 8205413, DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/33.6.595.
• Partial destruction of Borrelia burgdorferi within ticks that engorged on OspE- or OspF-immunized mice.Nguyen TP, Lam TT, Barthold SW, Telford SR, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Partial destruction of Borrelia burgdorferi within ticks that engorged on OspE- or OspF-immunized mice. Infection And Immunity 1994, 62: 2079-84. PMID: 8168973, PMCID: PMC186469, DOI: 10.1128/iai.62.5.2079-2084.1994.
• A chromosomal Borrelia burgdorferi gene encodes a 22-kilodalton lipoprotein, P22, that is serologically recognized in Lyme disease.Lam TT, Nguyen TP, Fikrig E, Flavell RA. A chromosomal Borrelia burgdorferi gene encodes a 22-kilodalton lipoprotein, P22, that is serologically recognized in Lyme disease. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1994, 32: 876-83. PMID: 8027338, PMCID: PMC263156, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.32.4.876-883.1994.
• Target imbalance: disparity of Borrelia burgdorferi genetic material in synovial fluid from Lyme arthritis patients.Persing DH, Rutledge BJ, Rys PN, Podzorski DS, Mitchell PD, Reed KD, Liu B, Fikrig E, Malawista SE. Target imbalance: disparity of Borrelia burgdorferi genetic material in synovial fluid from Lyme arthritis patients. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1994, 169: 668-72. PMID: 8158048, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/169.3.668.
• Sera from patients with chronic Lyme disease protect mice from Lyme borreliosis.Fikrig E, Bockenstedt LK, Barthold SW, Chen M, Tao H, Ali-Salaam P, Telford SR, Flavell RA. Sera from patients with chronic Lyme disease protect mice from Lyme borreliosis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1994, 169: 568-74. PMID: 8158028, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/169.3.568.
• Prominent T lymphocyte response to Borrelia burgdorferi from peripheral blood of unexposed donorsRoessner K, Russell J, Cooper S, Budd R, Fikrig E, Flavell R. Prominent T lymphocyte response to Borrelia burgdorferi from peripheral blood of unexposed donors. European Journal Of Immunology 1994, 24: 320-324. PMID: 7905415, DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830240207.
• Outer surface proteins E and F of Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease.Lam TT, Nguyen TP, Montgomery RR, Kantor FS, Fikrig E, Flavell RA. Outer surface proteins E and F of Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease. Infection And Immunity 1994, 62: 290-8. PMID: 8262642, PMCID: PMC186099, DOI: 10.1128/iai.62.1.290-298.1994.
• A Recombinant OspA and OspB Based Lyme Disease VaccineFikrig E, Kantor F, Barthold S, Flavell R. A Recombinant OspA and OspB Based Lyme Disease Vaccine. 1994, 25-31. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-2415-1_5.
• Serologic analysis of dogs, horses, and cottontail rabbits for antibodies to an antigenic flagellar epitope of Borrelia burgdorferi.Fikrig E, Magnarelli LA, Chen M, Anderson JF, Flavell RA. Serologic analysis of dogs, horses, and cottontail rabbits for antibodies to an antigenic flagellar epitope of Borrelia burgdorferi. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1993, 31: 2451-5. PMID: 7691874, PMCID: PMC265777, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.31.9.2451-2455.1993.
• Protection against antigenically variable Borrelia burgdorferi conferred by recombinant vaccines.Telford SR, Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Brunet LR, Spielman A, Flavell RA. Protection against antigenically variable Borrelia burgdorferi conferred by recombinant vaccines. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 1993, 178: 755-758. PMID: 8340764, PMCID: PMC2191140, DOI: 10.1084/jem.178.2.755.
• Inability of truncated recombinant Osp A proteins to elicit protective immunity to Borrelia burgdorferi in mice.Bockenstedt LK, Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Inability of truncated recombinant Osp A proteins to elicit protective immunity to Borrelia burgdorferi in mice. The Journal Of Immunology 1993, 151: 900-6. PMID: 8335917, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.151.2.900.
• OspA vaccination of mice with established Borrelia burgdorferi infection alters disease but not infection.Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Flavell RA. OspA vaccination of mice with established Borrelia burgdorferi infection alters disease but not infection. Infection And Immunity 1993, 61: 2553-7. PMID: 8500891, PMCID: PMC280883, DOI: 10.1128/iai.61.6.2553-2557.1993.
• Evasion of protective immunity by Borrelia burgdorferi by truncation of outer surface protein B.Fikrig E, Tao H, Kantor FS, Barthold SW, Flavell RA. Evasion of protective immunity by Borrelia burgdorferi by truncation of outer surface protein B. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1993, 90: 4092-4096. PMID: 7683420, PMCID: PMC46452, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.9.4092.
• Long-term study of cell-mediated responses to Borrelia burgdorferi in the laboratory mouse.de Souza MS, Smith AL, Beck DS, Terwilliger GA, Fikrig E, Barthold SW. Long-term study of cell-mediated responses to Borrelia burgdorferi in the laboratory mouse. Infection And Immunity 1993, 61: 1814-22. PMID: 8478071, PMCID: PMC280770, DOI: 10.1128/iai.61.5.1814-1822.1993.
• Protective immunity in lyme borreliosisFikrig E, Kantor FS, Barthold SW, Flavell RA. Protective immunity in lyme borreliosis. Trends In Parasitology 1993, 9: 129-131. PMID: 15463734, DOI: 10.1016/0169-4758(93)90176-g.
• A monoclonal antibody to OspA inhibits association of Borrelia burgdorferi with human endothelial cells.Comstock LE, Fikrig E, Shoberg RJ, Flavell RA, Thomas DD. A monoclonal antibody to OspA inhibits association of Borrelia burgdorferi with human endothelial cells. Infection And Immunity 1993, 61: 423-31. PMID: 7678585, PMCID: PMC302746, DOI: 10.1128/iai.61.2.423-431.1993.
• Serologic response to the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin demonstrates an epitope common to a neuroblastoma cell line.Fikrig E, Berland R, Chen M, Williams S, Sigal LH, Flavell RA. Serologic response to the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin demonstrates an epitope common to a neuroblastoma cell line. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1993, 90: 183-187. PMID: 7678336, PMCID: PMC45624, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.1.183.
• Comparison of whole-cell antibodies and an antigenic flagellar epitope of Borrelia burgdorferi in serologic tests for diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis.Magnarelli LA, Fikrig E, Berland R, Anderson JF, Flavell RA. Comparison of whole-cell antibodies and an antigenic flagellar epitope of Borrelia burgdorferi in serologic tests for diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1992, 30: 3158-62. PMID: 1280650, PMCID: PMC270607, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.30.12.3158-3162.1992.
• Elimination of Borrelia burgdorferi from vector ticks feeding on OspA-immunized mice.Fikrig E, Telford SR, Barthold SW, Kantor FS, Spielman A, Flavell RA. Elimination of Borrelia burgdorferi from vector ticks feeding on OspA-immunized mice. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1992, 89: 5418-5421. PMID: 1608951, PMCID: PMC49303, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.12.5418.
• Serologic diagnosis of Lyme disease using recombinant outer surface proteins A and B and flagellin.Fikrig E, Huguenel ED, Berland R, Rahn DW, Hardin JA, Flavell RA. Serologic diagnosis of Lyme disease using recombinant outer surface proteins A and B and flagellin. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1992, 165: 1127-32. PMID: 1583333, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/165.6.1127.
• Borrelia burgdorferi strain 25015: characterization of outer surface protein A and vaccination against infection.Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Persing DH, Sun X, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Borrelia burgdorferi strain 25015: characterization of outer surface protein A and vaccination against infection. The Journal Of Immunology 1992, 148: 2256-60. PMID: 1545130, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.148.7.2256.
• Long-term protection of mice from Lyme disease by vaccination with OspA.Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Long-term protection of mice from Lyme disease by vaccination with OspA. Infection And Immunity 1992, 60: 773-7. PMID: 1541551, PMCID: PMC257553, DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.3.773-777.1992.
• Nonspecific proliferative responses of murine lymphocytes to Borrelia burgdorferi antigens.de Souza MS, Fikrig E, Smith AL, Flavell RA, Barthold SW. Nonspecific proliferative responses of murine lymphocytes to Borrelia burgdorferi antigens. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1992, 165: 471-8. PMID: 1531672, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/165.3.471.
• Roles of OspA, OspB, and flagellin in protective immunity to Lyme borreliosis in laboratory mice.Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Marcantonio N, Deponte K, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Roles of OspA, OspB, and flagellin in protective immunity to Lyme borreliosis in laboratory mice. Infection And Immunity 1992, 60: 657-61. PMID: 1730500, PMCID: PMC257680, DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.2.657-661.1992.
• Spirochetes: vaccines, animal models and diagnosticsSimon M, Milward F, Lefebvre R, Schouls L, Fikrig E, Wasmoen T, Stover K, Menefee B, Robinson J. Spirochetes: vaccines, animal models and diagnostics. Research In Microbiology 1992, 143: 641-647. PMID: 1475524, DOI: 10.1016/0923-2508(92)90122-5.
• Protection of mice from Lyme borreliosis by oral vaccination with Escherichia coli expressing OspA.Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Protection of mice from Lyme borreliosis by oral vaccination with Escherichia coli expressing OspA. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1991, 164: 1224-7. PMID: 1955724, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/164.6.1224.
• Molecular characterization of the humoral response to the 41-kilodalton flagellar antigen of Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease agent.Berland R, Fikrig E, Rahn D, Hardin J, Flavell RA. Molecular characterization of the humoral response to the 41-kilodalton flagellar antigen of Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease agent. Infection And Immunity 1991, 59: 3531-5. PMID: 1894359, PMCID: PMC258917, DOI: 10.1128/iai.59.10.3531-3535.1991.
• Molecular mapping of Osp-A mediated immunity against Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease.Sears JE, Fikrig E, Nakagawa TY, Deponte K, Marcantonio N, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Molecular mapping of Osp-A mediated immunity against Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease. The Journal Of Immunology 1991, 147: 1995-2000. PMID: 1716290, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.147.6.1995.
• Lyme disease and Os-pAFikrig E. Lyme disease and Os-pA. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 1991, 45: 274. DOI: 10.1016/0753-3322(91)90034-q.
• Protection of Mice Against the Lyme Disease Agent by Immunizing with Recombinant OspAFikrig E, Barthold S, Kantor F, Flavell R. Protection of Mice Against the Lyme Disease Agent by Immunizing with Recombinant OspA. Science 1990, 250: 553-556. PMID: 2237407, DOI: 10.1126/science.2237407.
• Varicella associated intracerebral hemorrhage in the absence of thrombocytopeniaFikrig E, Barg N. Varicella associated intracerebral hemorrhage in the absence of thrombocytopenia. Diagnostic Microbiology And Infectious Disease 1989, 12: 357-359. PMID: 2591170, DOI: 10.1016/0732-8893(89)90103-x.
• Septic Shock and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Salpingitis Caused by Streptococcus pyogenes Group AFIKRIG E, WORTHINGTON M, LEFKOWITZ L. Septic Shock and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Salpingitis Caused by Streptococcus pyogenes Group A. Southern Medical Journal 1989, 82: 634-635. PMID: 2655106, DOI: 10.1097/00007611-198905000-00024.
• Epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis.Jones T, Johnson W, Barretto A, Lago E, Badaro R, Cerf B, Reed S, Netto E, Tada M, Franca F, Wiese K, Golightly L, Fikrig E, Costa J, Cuba C, Marsden P. Epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1987, 156: 73-83. PMID: 3598227, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/156.1.73.
• ChemInform Abstract: CATECHOLATE AND PHENOLATE IRON COMPLEXES AS MODELS FOR THE DIOXYGENASESHEISTAND R, LAUFFER R, FIKRIG E, QUE L. ChemInform Abstract: CATECHOLATE AND PHENOLATE IRON COMPLEXES AS MODELS FOR THE DIOXYGENASES. ChemInform 1982, 13: no-no. DOI: 10.1002/chin.198235267.
• Catecholate and phenolate iron complexes as models for the dioxygenasesHeistand R, Lauffer R, Fikrig E, Que L. Catecholate and phenolate iron complexes as models for the dioxygenases. Journal Of The American Chemical Society 1982, 104: 2789-2796. DOI: 10.1021/ja00374a016.