2022
Quantifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission Dynamics Across Global Settings: A Systematic Analysis
Smith J, Cohen T, Dowdy D, Shrestha S, Gandhi NR, Hill AN. Quantifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission Dynamics Across Global Settings: A Systematic Analysis. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2022, 192: 133-145. PMID: 36227246, PMCID: PMC10144641, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwac181.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTB transmissionOngoing TB transmissionMinority of casesTuberculosis transmission dynamicsTB controlTuberculosis transmissionSecondary casesSources of heterogeneityInclusion criteriaSurveillance studyTransmission clustersInitial searchTransmission dynamicsWhole-genome sequencingPopulation levelSetting
2020
Ongoing challenges to understanding multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in children versus adults
McQuaid CF, Cohen T, Dean AS, Houben RMGJ, Knight GM, Zignol M, White RG. Ongoing challenges to understanding multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in children versus adults. European Respiratory Journal 2020, 57: 2002504. PMID: 32855219, DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02504-2020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMDR/RR-TBRR-TBOdds ratioPediatric TB casesGlobal TB epidemicRifampicin-resistant tuberculosisPopulation-representative surveyTB casesBurden countriesTB epidemicMost settingsTuberculosisDrug resistanceTransmission riskCountry-specific estimatesAdultsChildrenAgeFurther investigationMultidrugOddsFormer Soviet Union countriesSufficient dataSettingSoviet Union countries
2016
Second line drug susceptibility testing to inform the treatment of rifampin-resistant tuberculosis: a quantitative perspective
Kendall EA, Cohen T, Mitnick CD, Dowdy DW. Second line drug susceptibility testing to inform the treatment of rifampin-resistant tuberculosis: a quantitative perspective. International Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2016, 56: 185-189. PMID: 28007660, PMCID: PMC5576040, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.12.010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSecond-line drug susceptibility testingRifampin-resistant tuberculosisDrug susceptibility testingSecond-line drug resistanceDrug resistanceSusceptibility testingHigh-burden settingsSecond-line drugsDrug-resistant tuberculosisEffective regimensTreatment failureTreatment outcomesSmall incremental costEpidemiologic benefitsResistance amplificationPatientsTuberculosisIncremental costMost settingsWidespread implementationSettingRegimensPrevalenceHigh burden of prevalent tuberculosis among previously treated people in Southern Africa suggests potential for targeted control interventions
Marx FM, Floyd S, Ayles H, Godfrey-Faussett P, Beyers N, Cohen T. High burden of prevalent tuberculosis among previously treated people in Southern Africa suggests potential for targeted control interventions. European Respiratory Journal 2016, 48: 1227-1230. PMID: 27390274, PMCID: PMC5512114, DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00716-2016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-burden settingsHigh TB prevalenceRecurrent tuberculosisExogenous reinfectionPrevalent tuberculosisTB prevalenceSuccessful treatmentHigh burdenImportant underlying mechanismHigh riskHigh incidenceControl interventionsTargeted interventionsTuberculosisUnderlying mechanismOne-thirdInterventionBurdenCape TownIndividualsReinfectionPrevalenceIncidenceDiseaseSettingUse of Lot Quality Assurance Sampling to Ascertain Levels of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Western Kenya
Jezmir J, Cohen T, Zignol M, Nyakan E, Hedt-Gauthier BL, Gardner A, Kamle L, Injera W, Carter EJ. Use of Lot Quality Assurance Sampling to Ascertain Levels of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Western Kenya. PLOS ONE 2016, 11: e0154142. PMID: 27167381, PMCID: PMC4864281, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154142.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMDR-TBDrug resistanceResistant tuberculosisLot Quality Assurance Sampling methodologyMulti-drug resistant tuberculosisPositive TB patientsDrug resistance surveillanceDrug-resistant tuberculosisTB drug resistanceRural settingsPoly-resistant strainsTB patientsWestern KenyaLot Quality AssuranceLow prevalencePatientsResistance surveillancePrevalenceTuberculosisLQASSettingLow levelsDifferent geographic settingsUrban settingsLevelsThe transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in high burden settings
Yates TA, Khan PY, Knight GM, Taylor JG, McHugh TD, Lipman M, White RG, Cohen T, Cobelens FG, Wood R, Moore DA, Abubakar I. The transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in high burden settings. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2016, 16: 227-238. PMID: 26867464, DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(15)00499-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-burden settingsBurden settingsTuberculosis infection controlMycobacterium tuberculosis transmissionEffects of HIVHealth care workersDrug-resistant strainsAntiretroviral therapyPerson transmissionTuberculosis transmissionInfection controlTransmission riskAirborne transmissionMycobacterium tuberculosisWells-Riley equationPresent research prioritiesTransmission dynamicsResearch prioritiesHIVEffective strategyTherapyTuberculosisSettingTrials
2014
On the spread and control of MDR-TB epidemics: An examination of trends in anti-tuberculosis drug resistance surveillance data
Cohen T, Jenkins HE, Lu C, McLaughlin M, Floyd K, Zignol M. On the spread and control of MDR-TB epidemics: An examination of trends in anti-tuberculosis drug resistance surveillance data. Drug Resistance Updates 2014, 17: 105-123. PMID: 25458783, PMCID: PMC4358299, DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2014.10.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMDR-TBTB casesResistant tuberculosisAbsolute burdenSurveillance dataMDR-TB epidemicDrug-resistant TBMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisDrug-resistant tuberculosisNotified TB casesResistance surveillance dataSufficient surveillance dataWorld Health OrganizationBurden settingsTuberculosis controlUnadjusted analysesSignificant linear trendSurveillance indicatorsRobust surveillance systemHealth OrganizationTuberculosisBurdenSurveillance systemSettingLinear trendHow can mathematical models advance tuberculosis control in high HIV prevalence settings?
Houben RM, Dowdy DW, Vassall A, Cohen T, Nicol MP, Granich RM, Shea JE, Eckhoff P, Dye C, Kimerling ME, White RG, . How can mathematical models advance tuberculosis control in high HIV prevalence settings? The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2014, 18: 509-514. PMID: 24903784, PMCID: PMC4436821, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0773.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh HIV prevalence settingsHIV prevalence settingsTB-HIVTuberculosis controlPrevalence settingsHigh human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalenceHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalenceTB ModellingHealth policy makersDifficult diagnosisDisease progressionHigh riskHigh mortalityHealth systemNatural progressionVirus prevalencePublic healthProgressionMortalityPrevalenceSettingAnalysis ConsortiumDiagnosisExpert discussion
2013
Identifying dynamic tuberculosis case-finding policies for HIV/TB coepidemics
Yaesoubi R, Cohen T. Identifying dynamic tuberculosis case-finding policies for HIV/TB coepidemics. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2013, 110: 9457-9462. PMID: 23690585, PMCID: PMC3677479, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1218770110.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUndiagnosed casesHigh-burden settingsSmear-negative casesTB control programsDuration of roundsBurden settingsTB suspectsTB transmissionAggressive approachOnward transmissionIncremental yieldPopulation healthIncremental benefitInfectious individualsDiagnostic toolControl programsICFPassive caseSymptomsCasesSettingDiagnosis
2010
Assessing spatiotemporal patterns of multidrug-resistant and drug-sensitive tuberculosis in a South American setting
LIN H, SHIN S, BLAYA JA, ZHANG Z, CEGIELSKI P, CONTRERAS C, ASENCIOS L, BONILLA C, BAYONA J, PACIOREK CJ, COHEN T. Assessing spatiotemporal patterns of multidrug-resistant and drug-sensitive tuberculosis in a South American setting. Epidemiology And Infection 2010, 139: 1784-1793. PMID: 21205434, PMCID: PMC3153578, DOI: 10.1017/s0950268810002797.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTB casesMDR diseaseMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) casesDrug-sensitive tuberculosisDrug-resistant diseaseDrug susceptibility testingMDR-TBMDR casesTuberculosis casesIncident casesSubgroup analysisInfection controlK statisticInfectious durationAppearance of resistanceDistricts of LimaSusceptibility testingDiseasePatientsTBUrban settingsCasesTuberculosisSettingMDR