2024
Low antibody levels associated with significantly increased rate of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in a highly vaccinated population from the US National Basketball Association
Tai C, Haviland M, Kissler S, Lucia R, Merson M, Maragakis L, Ho D, Anderson D, DiFiori J, Grubaugh N, Grad Y, Mack C. Low antibody levels associated with significantly increased rate of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in a highly vaccinated population from the US National Basketball Association. Journal Of Medical Virology 2024, 96: e29505. PMID: 38465748, DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29505.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntibody levelsSARS-CoV-2 infectionSARS-CoV-2 antibody levelsPfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccineHistory of SARS-CoV-2 infectionCox proportional hazards modelsLow antibody levelsProportional hazards modelRisk of infectionMRNA vaccinesRates of SARS-CoV-2 infectionAnalytic cohortPrimary seriesPfizer-BioNTechVaccine doseIncreased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infectionInterquartile rangeBooster schedulesHazards modelSerological testsInfectionSARS-CoV-2Vaccinated individualsAntibodiesAntibody test
2023
Enhanced inhibition of MHC-I expression by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants
Moriyama M, Lucas C, Monteiro V, Initiative Y, Iwasaki A, Chen N, Breban M, Hahn A, Pham K, Koch T, Chaguza C, Tikhonova I, Castaldi C, Mane S, De Kumar B, Ferguson D, Kerantzas N, Peaper D, Landry M, Schulz W, Vogels C, Grubaugh N. Enhanced inhibition of MHC-I expression by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2023, 120: e2221652120. PMID: 37036977, PMCID: PMC10120007, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221652120.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralBreakthrough InfectionsCOVID-19HumansReinfectionSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusConceptsMHC-I expressionBreakthrough infectionsSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variantsMajor histocompatibility complex class I expressionCell-mediated immunityInfluenza virus infectionSARS-CoV-2 VOCsMHC-I upregulationClass I expressionSARS-CoV-2T cell recognitionVirus infectionMHC II expressionSpike proteinEnhanced inhibitionInfectionCell recognitionCommon mutationsReinfectionE proteinAntibodiesViral genesSubvariantsExpressionAge-dependent impairment in antibody responses elicited by a homologous CoronaVac booster dose
Filardi B, Monteiro V, Schwartzmann P, do Prado Martins V, Zucca L, Baiocchi G, Malik A, Silva J, Hahn A, Chen N, Pham K, Pérez-Then E, Miric M, Brache V, Cochon L, Larocca R, Della Rosa Mendez R, Silveira D, Pinto A, Croda J, Yildirim I, Omer S, Ko A, Vermund S, Grubaugh N, Iwasaki A, Lucas C, Initiative Y, Vogels C, Breban M, Koch T, Chaguza C, Tikhonova I, Castaldi C, Mane S, De Kumar B, Ferguson D, Kerantzas N, Peaper D, Landry M, Schulz W. Age-dependent impairment in antibody responses elicited by a homologous CoronaVac booster dose. Science Translational Medicine 2023, 15: eade6023. PMID: 36791210, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade6023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAntibodies, ViralAntibody FormationBNT162 VaccineCOVID-19HumansImmunoglobulin GSARS-CoV-2ConceptsBooster doseAntibody responseNeutralization titersVirus-specific IgG titersOlder adultsAntiviral humoral immunityPlasma antibody responsesHigh-risk populationSARS-CoV-2 spikeYears of ageAge-dependent impairmentHeterologous regimensBooster dosesBooster vaccineCoronaVac vaccineIgG titersProtective immunityHumoral immunityHumoral responseCoronaVacOmicron waveBooster strategyAge groupsEarly controlVaccine
2022
Quantifying the impact of immune history and variant on SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics and infection rebound: A retrospective cohort study
Hay J, Kissler S, Fauver J, Mack C, Tai C, Samant R, Connolly S, Anderson D, Khullar G, MacKay M, Patel M, Kelly S, Manhertz A, Eiter I, Salgado D, Baker T, Howard B, Dudley J, Mason C, Nair M, Huang Y, DiFiori J, Ho D, Grubaugh N, Grad Y. Quantifying the impact of immune history and variant on SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics and infection rebound: A retrospective cohort study. ELife 2022, 11: e81849. PMID: 36383192, PMCID: PMC9711520, DOI: 10.7554/elife.81849.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsViral kineticsSARS-CoV-2 strainsAntibody titersViral reboundVaccination statusLonger clearance timeLower peak viral loadRetrospective cohort studyClearance timePeak viral loadSARS-CoV-2 variantsHigh antibody titersEffective immune responseRT-qPCR testingBooster vaccinationCohort studyEffect of ageViral loadHealth cohortSymptom statusImmune historyImmune responseInfection historyClearance rateInfectionOmicron-specific mRNA vaccination alone and as a heterologous booster against SARS-CoV-2
Fang Z, Peng L, Filler R, Suzuki K, McNamara A, Lin Q, Renauer PA, Yang L, Menasche B, Sanchez A, Ren P, Xiong Q, Strine M, Clark P, Lin C, Ko AI, Grubaugh ND, Wilen CB, Chen S. Omicron-specific mRNA vaccination alone and as a heterologous booster against SARS-CoV-2. Nature Communications 2022, 13: 3250. PMID: 35668119, PMCID: PMC9169595, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30878-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHeterologous boosterSARS-CoV-2Antibody responseMRNA vaccinesMRNA vaccinationDelta variantOmicron variantType of vaccinationStrong antibody responseMRNA vaccine candidatesVaccine candidatesNeutralization potencyImmune evasionSARS-CoV.Two weeksComparable titersVaccinationVaccineTiters 10MiceOmicronWeeksWA-1LNP-mRNABoosterNeutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants following heterologous CoronaVac plus BNT162b2 booster vaccination
Pérez-Then E, Lucas C, Monteiro VS, Miric M, Brache V, Cochon L, Vogels CBF, Malik AA, De la Cruz E, Jorge A, De los Santos M, Leon P, Breban MI, Billig K, Yildirim I, Pearson C, Downing R, Gagnon E, Muyombwe A, Razeq J, Campbell M, Ko AI, Omer SB, Grubaugh ND, Vermund SH, Iwasaki A. Neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants following heterologous CoronaVac plus BNT162b2 booster vaccination. Nature Medicine 2022, 28: 481-485. PMID: 35051990, PMCID: PMC8938264, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01705-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTwo-dose regimenOmicron variantVaccine boosterMRNA vaccinesNeutralization activityDelta variantTwo-dose mRNA vaccinesVirus-specific antibody levelsSARS-CoV-2 Omicron variantMRNA vaccine boosterNeutralization of OmicronNumerous spike mutationsSARS-CoV-2 DeltaPotent neutralization activityInfection-induced immunityCOVID-19 vaccineBNT162b2 boosterBooster vaccinationPrime vaccinationAntibody levelsAntibody titersHumoral immunityImmune escapeInactivated vaccinesVaccine
2021
Longitudinal Immune Profiling of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Reinfection in a Solid Organ Transplant Recipient
Klein J, Brito AF, Trubin P, Lu P, Wong P, Alpert T, Peña-Hernández MA, Haynes W, Kamath K, Liu F, Vogels CBF, Fauver JR, Lucas C, Oh J, Mao T, Silva J, Wyllie AL, Muenker MC, Casanovas-Massana A, Moore AJ, Petrone ME, Kalinich CC, Dela Cruz C, Farhadian S, Ring A, Shon J, Ko AI, Grubaugh ND, Israelow B, Iwasaki A, Azar MM, Team F. Longitudinal Immune Profiling of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Reinfection in a Solid Organ Transplant Recipient. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2021, 225: 374-384. PMID: 34718647, PMCID: PMC8807168, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab553.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19HumansMaleOrgan TransplantationPhylogenyReinfectionSARS-CoV-2Transplant RecipientsConceptsSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfectionLongitudinal immune profilingTransplant recipientsImmune profilingPrimary SARS-CoV-2 infectionCD4 T cell poolMale renal transplant recipientSolid organ transplant recipientsSARS-CoV-2 reinfectionSARS-CoV-2 antibodiesSARS-CoV-2 infectionWhole viral genome sequencingRenal transplant recipientsImmune escape mutationsOrgan transplant recipientsT cell poolTime of reinfectionCoronavirus disease 2019Lower neutralization titersHumoral memory responsesViral genome sequencingInitial diagnosisImmunologic deficiencyHumoral responseImmunologic investigationsImpact of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants on mRNA vaccine-induced immunity
Lucas C, Vogels CBF, Yildirim I, Rothman JE, Lu P, Monteiro V, Gehlhausen JR, Campbell M, Silva J, Tabachnikova A, Peña-Hernandez MA, Muenker MC, Breban MI, Fauver JR, Mohanty S, Huang J, Shaw A, Ko A, Omer S, Grubaugh N, Iwasaki A. Impact of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants on mRNA vaccine-induced immunity. Nature 2021, 600: 523-529. PMID: 34634791, PMCID: PMC9348899, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04085-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 variantsMRNA vaccine-induced immunityT-cell activation markersSARS-CoV-2 antibodiesSecond vaccine doseVaccine-induced immunityCell activation markersT cell responsesHigh antibody titresSARS-CoV-2Vaccine boosterVaccine doseActivation markersVaccine dosesHumoral immunityAntibody titresMRNA vaccinesVitro stimulationNeutralization capacityNeutralization responseCell responsesE484KNucleocapsid peptideAntibody-binding sitesGreater reductionCOVID-19 vaccines: Keeping pace with SARS-CoV-2 variants
Cevik M, Grubaugh ND, Iwasaki A, Openshaw P. COVID-19 vaccines: Keeping pace with SARS-CoV-2 variants. Cell 2021, 184: 5077-5081. PMID: 34534444, PMCID: PMC8445744, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchZika Virus Non-Structural Protein 1 Antigen-Capture Immunoassay
Beddingfield B, Hartnett J, Wilson R, Kulakosky P, Andersen K, Robles-Sikisaka R, Grubaugh N, Aybar A, Nunez M, Fermin C, Garry R. Zika Virus Non-Structural Protein 1 Antigen-Capture Immunoassay. Viruses 2021, 13: 1771. PMID: 34578352, PMCID: PMC8473068, DOI: 10.3390/v13091771.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, ViralAntigens, ViralCross ReactionsDengueDengue VirusEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayEpitopesFemaleFlavivirusHumansImmunoassayImmunologic TestsModels, MolecularMutagenesis, Site-DirectedPregnancyViral Nonstructural ProteinsWest Nile virusYellow fever virusZika VirusZika Virus InfectionConceptsZIKV nonstructural protein 1Nonstructural protein 1Antigen capture ELISADengue virusZika virusMild self-limiting illnessSelf-limiting illnessNS1 proteinMajor birth defectsSevere neurological diseaseYellow fever virusAntigen capture immunoassaySt. Louis encephalitis virusPolyclonal antibodiesLouis encephalitis virusWest Nile virusSerious outcomesAffinity-purified polyclonal antibodiesRelated flavivirusesNeurological diseasesRefinement of approachesEncephalitis virusWidespread flavivirusFlavivirusesFever virusInfluenza Antigens NP and M2 Confer Cross Protection to BALB/c Mice against Lethal Challenge with H1N1, Pandemic H1N1 or H5N1 Influenza A Viruses
Mytle N, Leyrer S, Inglefield JR, Harris AM, Hickey TE, Minang J, Lu H, Ma Z, Andersen H, Grubaugh ND, Guina T, Skiadopoulos MH, Lacy MJ. Influenza Antigens NP and M2 Confer Cross Protection to BALB/c Mice against Lethal Challenge with H1N1, Pandemic H1N1 or H5N1 Influenza A Viruses. Viruses 2021, 13: 1708. PMID: 34578289, PMCID: PMC8473317, DOI: 10.3390/v13091708.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBALB/c miceC miceAntigens of influenzaSeasonal influenza vaccineInfluenza virus antigensSerum antibody responseVaccinia virus AnkaraMajor protective antigenMatrix protein 2Influenza A virusesViral burdenInfluenza vaccineAnnual immunizationProtective immunityLethal challengeAntibody responseVirus antigenVirus AnkaraNatural immunityAntigen hemagglutininM2e antigenAntigenic driftA virusAntigenProtective antigenLying in wait: the resurgence of dengue virus after the Zika epidemic in Brazil
Brito AF, Machado LC, Oidtman RJ, Siconelli MJL, Tran QM, Fauver JR, Carvalho RDO, Dezordi FZ, Pereira MR, de Castro-Jorge LA, Minto ECM, Passos LMR, Kalinich CC, Petrone ME, Allen E, España GC, Huang AT, Cummings DAT, Baele G, Franca RFO, da Fonseca BAL, Perkins TA, Wallau GL, Grubaugh ND. Lying in wait: the resurgence of dengue virus after the Zika epidemic in Brazil. Nature Communications 2021, 12: 2619. PMID: 33976183, PMCID: PMC8113494, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22921-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntibodies, ViralBrazilChildChild, PreschoolDengueDengue VirusDisease SusceptibilityEpidemicsEpidemiological MonitoringFemaleGenome, ViralHumansImmunity, HeterologousIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMiddle AgedMolecular TypingMosquito VectorsPhylogeographySerotypingYoung AdultZika VirusZika Virus InfectionConceptsDengue virus serotype 1Zika epidemicZika virus epidemicDENV lineagesVirus serotype 1DENV infectionProtective immunityDENV transmissionDengue susceptibilityDengue virusViral spreadLow transmission levelsSerotype 1Virus epidemicMajor outbreaksModel mosquitoEpidemicInfectionDengueTransmission suitabilityDengue incidenceYearsDengue dynamicsOutbreakIncidenceDelayed production of neutralizing antibodies correlates with fatal COVID-19
Lucas C, Klein J, Sundaram ME, Liu F, Wong P, Silva J, Mao T, Oh JE, Mohanty S, Huang J, Tokuyama M, Lu P, Venkataraman A, Park A, Israelow B, Vogels CBF, Muenker MC, Chang CH, Casanovas-Massana A, Moore AJ, Zell J, Fournier JB, Wyllie A, Campbell M, Lee A, Chun H, Grubaugh N, Schulz W, Farhadian S, Dela Cruz C, Ring A, Shaw A, Wisnewski A, Yildirim I, Ko A, Omer S, Iwasaki A. Delayed production of neutralizing antibodies correlates with fatal COVID-19. Nature Medicine 2021, 27: 1178-1186. PMID: 33953384, PMCID: PMC8785364, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01355-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDeceased patientsAntibody levelsAntibody responseDisease severityAnti-S IgG levelsCOVID-19 disease outcomesFatal COVID-19Impaired viral controlWorse clinical progressionWorse disease severitySevere COVID-19Length of hospitalizationImmunoglobulin G levelsHumoral immune responseCoronavirus disease 2019COVID-19 mortalityCOVID-19Domain (RBD) IgGSeroconversion kineticsDisease courseIgG levelsClinical parametersClinical progressionHumoral responseDisease onset