2021
A Mosquito AgTRIO Monoclonal Antibody Reduces Early Plasmodium Infection of Mice
Chuang YM, Tang XD, Fikrig E. A Mosquito AgTRIO Monoclonal Antibody Reduces Early Plasmodium Infection of Mice. Infection And Immunity 2021, 90: e00359-21. PMID: 34724388, PMCID: PMC8788779, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00359-21.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMonoclonal antibodiesFuture malaria vaccinesInfection of miceIsotype monoclonal antibodyVector antigensProtective immunityPassive immunizationMalaria vaccinePlasmodium infectionPassive transferProtein monoclonal antibodySignificant protectionSynergistic protectionMiceInfectionAntibodiesFc regionAntiserumVertebrate hostsProtein TrioImmunizationVaccineMalariaAntigenImmunity
2019
Protective Immunity and New Vaccines for Lyme Disease
Gomes-Solecki M, Arnaboldi PM, Backenson PB, Benach JL, Cooper CL, Dattwyler RJ, Diuk-Wasser M, Fikrig E, Hovius JW, Laegreid W, Lundberg U, Marconi RT, Marques AR, Molloy P, Narasimhan S, Pal U, Pedra JHF, Plotkin S, Rock DL, Rosa P, Telford SR, Tsao J, Yang XF, Schutzer SE. Protective Immunity and New Vaccines for Lyme Disease. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2019, 70: 1768-1773. PMID: 31620776, PMCID: PMC7155782, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz872.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLyme diseaseCommon tick-borne illnessTick-borne illnessB. burgdorferi infectionBorrelia burgdorferi sensu latoMechanism of actionDirect vaccinationB. burgdorferi proteinsProtective immunityBurgdorferi sensu latoVaccination strategiesBurgdorferi infectionFirst vaccineImmune pathwaysNew vaccinesNumber of casesTick immunityDiseaseVaccineB. burgdorferiHuman hostTick proteinsInfectionImmunityPathogen transmission
2018
Neutralization of the Plasmodium-encoded MIF ortholog confers protective immunity against malaria infection
Baeza Garcia A, Siu E, Sun T, Exler V, Brito L, Hekele A, Otten G, Augustijn K, Janse CJ, Ulmer JB, Bernhagen J, Fikrig E, Geall A, Bucala R. Neutralization of the Plasmodium-encoded MIF ortholog confers protective immunity against malaria infection. Nature Communications 2018, 9: 2714. PMID: 30006528, PMCID: PMC6045615, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05041-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdaptive ImmunityAdoptive TransferAnimalsAntibodies, ProtozoanCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesFemaleGene ExpressionGerminal CenterImmunologic MemoryInterferon-gammaInterleukin-12Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory FactorsMalariaMalaria VaccinesMiceMice, Inbred BALB CPlasmodium bergheiProtein IsoformsProtozoan ProteinsRNA, ProtozoanTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaVaccines, DNAConceptsCD4 T cellsT cellsBlood-stage Plasmodium infectionMemory CD4 T cellsCytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factorMacrophage migration inhibitory factorBlood-stage patencyCD8 T cellsBlood-stage infectionMigration inhibitory factorHost inflammatory responseInflammatory markers TNFGerminal center responseMIF inhibitionTfh cellsAdoptive transferIL-12Protective immunityAntibody titersMalaria infectionPlasmodium infectionInflammatory responseSporozoite infectionCenter responseHost response
1998
Differential Expression of Borrelia burgdorferi Genes during Erythema Migrans and Lyme Arthritis
Fikrig E, Feng W, Aversa J, Schoen R, Flavell R. Differential Expression of Borrelia burgdorferi Genes during Erythema Migrans and Lyme Arthritis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1998, 178: 1198-1201. PMID: 9806060, DOI: 10.1086/515684.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLyme arthritisLyme diseaseHuman infectionsPhase III clinical trialsMurine Lyme borreliosisRNA polymerase chain reactionErythema migrans biopsiesErythema migransProtective immunityClinical trialsVaccine candidatesTissue specimensLyme borreliosisPatientsGene expressionBorrelia burgdorferiDiseaseFirst direct demonstrationB. burgdorferiChain reactionArthritisInfectionBorrelia burgdorferi genesOspAB. burgdorferi gene expression
1997
Borrelia burgdorferi P35 and P37 Proteins, Expressed In Vivo, Elicit Protective Immunity
Fikrig E, Barthold S, Sun W, Feng W, Telford S, Flavell R. Borrelia burgdorferi P35 and P37 Proteins, Expressed In Vivo, Elicit Protective Immunity. Immunity 1997, 6: 531-539. PMID: 9175831, DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80341-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElicit protective immunityB. burgdorferiIgG titersProtective immunityInfected miceImmune responseHost immunityLyme borreliosisRT-PCR analysisMiceVivo-expressed antigensBorrelia burgdorferi genesImmunityP35BurgdorferiP37 proteinVivoNorthern blotAntiserumP37PatientsAntigenELISATitersBorreliosisLyme Borreliosis in Transgenic Mice Tolerant to OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi 25015
Fikrig E, Barthold S, Chen M, Tao H, Ali-Salaam P, Bockenstedt L, Flavell R. Lyme Borreliosis in Transgenic Mice Tolerant to OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi 25015. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1997, 175: 1000-1003. PMID: 9086169, DOI: 10.1086/513958.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransgenic miceLyme borreliosisC3H/HeN miceTolerance of miceSurface protein ABorrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein ASignificant arthritisOuter surface protein ALyme arthritisProtective immunityNontransgenic littermatesHeN miceOspA antibodiesDisease pathogenesisMiceArthritisB. burgdorferi N40OspABorreliosisCellular responsesProtein AResponseImmunizationPathogenesisLittermates
1995
Progress Towards a Vaccine for Lyme Disease
Telford S, Fikrig E. Progress Towards a Vaccine for Lyme Disease. BioDrugs 1995, 4: 49-60. DOI: 10.1007/bf03259070.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLyme diseaseLyme disease vaccineSurface protein AOuter surface protein AProtective immunityPrototype vaccineCareful surveillanceClinical trialsChronic natureDisease vaccineSuch vaccinesMouse modelVaccinated hostAdvanced stageVaccineDiseaseInfectious ticksInfectionAntibodiesProtein AYearsMiceImmunityTrialsSelection of variant Borrelia burgdorferi isolates from mice immunized with outer surface protein A or B
Fikrig E, Tao H, Barthold SW, Flavell RA. Selection of variant Borrelia burgdorferi isolates from mice immunized with outer surface protein A or B. Infection And Immunity 1995, 63: 1658-1662. PMID: 7729870, PMCID: PMC173206, DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.5.1658-1662.1995.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntigens, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorrelia burgdorferi GroupCloning, MolecularFemaleGenes, BacterialGenetic VariationImmunoblottingLipoproteinsLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HRecombinant ProteinsSelection, GeneticSequence Analysis, DNAVaccinationConceptsSurface protein AOuter surface protein AProtective immunityProtective antibodiesIncomplete efficacyMiceMonoclonal antibodiesProtein ABorrelia burgdorferiB. burgdorferiAntigenic diversityOspBOspAVivo selective pressureImmunityAntibodiesB. burgdorferi isolatesBurgdorferiChallenge inoculationPoint mutationsMolecular basisVaccineInfection
1994
Sera from Patients with Chronic Lyme Disease Protect Mice from Lyme Borreliosis
Fikrig E, Bockenstedt L, Barthold S, Chen M, Tao H, Salaam P, Telford S, Flavell R. Sera from Patients with Chronic Lyme Disease Protect Mice from Lyme Borreliosis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1994, 169: 568-574. PMID: 8158028, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/169.3.568.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorrelia burgdorferi GroupChronic DiseaseFemaleHumansImmunization, PassiveImmunoblottingLipoproteinsLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HPolymerase Chain ReactionPrecipitin TestsConceptsStrong humoral responseLyme diseaseHumoral responseB. burgdorferiLate-stage Lyme diseaseLate Lyme diseaseElicit protective immunityChronic Lyme diseaseStrong antibody reactivityBorrelia burgdorferi challengeSurface protein AMost patientsOuter surface protein AProtective immunityImmune responsePatientsAntibody reactivityHuman antibodiesInfectionLyme borreliosisMiceDiseaseSerumNatural infectionAntibodies
1993
Inability of truncated recombinant Osp A proteins to elicit protective immunity to Borrelia burgdorferi in mice.
Bockenstedt LK, Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Inability of truncated recombinant Osp A proteins to elicit protective immunity to Borrelia burgdorferi in mice. The Journal Of Immunology 1993, 151: 900-6. PMID: 8335917, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.151.2.900.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsA antibodiesOsp AProtective immunityMurine immune responseBorrelia burgdorferiElicit protective immunityGroups of miceDevelopment of antibodiesOuter surface protein A.Vaccine AgsChallenge infectionPassive immunizationActive immunizationImmune responseEtiologic agentIndirect immunofluorescenceLyme diseaseMiceVaccinationA antiseraAntibodiesImmunityConformational epitopesA proteinImmunizationEvasion of protective immunity by Borrelia burgdorferi by truncation of outer surface protein B.
Fikrig E, Tao H, Kantor FS, Barthold SW, Flavell RA. Evasion of protective immunity by Borrelia burgdorferi by truncation of outer surface protein B. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1993, 90: 4092-4096. PMID: 7683420, PMCID: PMC46452, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.9.4092.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntibodiesAntibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBase SequenceBorrelia burgdorferi GroupCloning, MolecularCodonEpitopesEscherichia coliFemaleFluorescent Antibody TechniqueGenes, BacterialHumansLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HPolymerase Chain ReactionRecombinant Fusion ProteinsRecombinant ProteinsRestriction MappingTicksVaccines, SyntheticViral VaccinesConceptsProtective immune responseVaccination immunityProtective immunityProtective antibodiesAntibody responseImmune destructionImmune responseHost defenseOuter surface proteinsLyme diseaseOuter surface protein BBorrelia burgdorferiCausative agentOspBMicePolyclonal antibodiesImmunityAntibodiesPresent studyStrain B31Surface proteinsProtein BPrevious studiesVaccinationOspB.Protective immunity in lyme borreliosis
Fikrig E, Kantor FS, Barthold SW, Flavell RA. Protective immunity in lyme borreliosis. Trends In Parasitology 1993, 9: 129-131. PMID: 15463734, DOI: 10.1016/0169-4758(93)90176-g.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLyme diseaseCommon vector-borne illnessLyme borreliosisVector-borne illnessInitial diagnosisProtective immunityLate diseaseMurine modelSpirochete Borrelia burgdorferiVaccine candidatesSurface antigenEarly infectionDiseaseBorrelia burgdorferiBorreliosisTherapyVaccineIllnessInfectionAntigenDiagnosisImmunity
1992
Roles of OspA, OspB, and flagellin in protective immunity to Lyme borreliosis in laboratory mice
Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Marcantonio N, Deponte K, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Roles of OspA, OspB, and flagellin in protective immunity to Lyme borreliosis in laboratory mice. Infection And Immunity 1992, 60: 657-661. PMID: 1730500, PMCID: PMC257680, DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.2.657-661.1992.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProtective immunityProtective effectRecombinant outer surface protein AActive immunization experimentsSurface protein AOuter surface protein AB. burgdorferi proteinsActive immunizationResidual seraRecombinant OspAImmunization experimentsLyme borreliosisInfectionLyme disease agentMiceImmunityBorrelia burgdorferiAntibodiesImmunizationOspAOspBLaboratory miceSerumFlagellinDisease agents
1991
Molecular mapping of Osp-A mediated immunity against Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease.
Sears JE, Fikrig E, Nakagawa TY, Deponte K, Marcantonio N, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Molecular mapping of Osp-A mediated immunity against Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease. The Journal Of Immunology 1991, 147: 1995-2000. PMID: 1716290, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.147.6.1995.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLack of responseSurface protein AOuter surface protein AUninfected miceProtect miceProtective immunityImmunized miceImmune responseProtective epitopesLyme diseaseMiceInfected humansInfectionSerumNatural infectionBorrelia burgdorferiDependent epitopesAntibodiesEpitopesImmunityHuman serumHumansProtein AImmunizationVaccine