2019
Aedes aegypti NeSt1 Protein Enhances Zika Virus Pathogenesis by Activating Neutrophils
Hastings AK, Uraki R, Gaitsch H, Dhaliwal K, Stanley S, Sproch H, Williamson E, MacNeil T, Marin-Lopez A, Hwang J, Wang Y, Grover JR, Fikrig E. Aedes aegypti NeSt1 Protein Enhances Zika Virus Pathogenesis by Activating Neutrophils. Journal Of Virology 2019, 93: 10.1128/jvi.00395-19. PMID: 30971475, PMCID: PMC6580965, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00395-19.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVirus infectionBite siteMosquito salivaImmune cellsZika virusLocal immune environmentMosquito bite siteZika virus pathogenesisEarly viral replicationZika virus infectionFactor 1Pathogenesis of flavivirusesVirus-infected mosquitoesVirus-induced pathogenesisCXCL2 expressionImmune environmentPassive immunizationZIKV pathogenesisImmune microenvironmentAntibody responseZIKV replicationVirus pathogenesisMosquito bitesPrimary mouse neutrophilsImmune system28 Host Defenses to Spirochetes
Navasa N, Fikrig E, Anguita J. 28 Host Defenses to Spirochetes. 2019, 403-411.e1. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-6896-6.00028-4.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2018
Vector Immunity and Evolutionary Ecology: The Harmonious Dissonance
Shaw DK, Tate AT, Schneider DS, Levashina EA, Kagan JC, Pal U, Fikrig E, Pedra JHF. Vector Immunity and Evolutionary Ecology: The Harmonious Dissonance. Trends In Immunology 2018, 39: 862-873. PMID: 30301592, PMCID: PMC6218297, DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.09.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVector immunityEvolutionary ecologyEvolutionary forcesEvolutionary ecologistsGenetic plasticityVector-borne pathogensArthropod populationsAbiotic factorsMolecular immunologistsMicrobial assaultImmune systemInnate defenseRecent scientific breakthroughsEcologyEcologistsImmune responsePathogenicityImmunityPathogensPlasticityDefenseToleranceResistanceScientific breakthroughsMiR-221 negatively regulates innate anti-viral response
Du H, Cui S, Li Y, Yang G, Wang P, Fikrig E, You F. MiR-221 negatively regulates innate anti-viral response. PLOS ONE 2018, 13: e0200385. PMID: 30089112, PMCID: PMC6082502, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200385.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntagomirsDNA-Binding ProteinsDown-RegulationHEK293 CellsHerpesvirus 1, HumanHumansImmunity, InnateInterferon-betaMacrophagesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMicroRNAsPromoter Regions, GeneticProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesRhabdoviridae InfectionsTranscription FactorsVesiculovirusConceptsAntiviral responseMiR-221Innate anti-viral responseInitial antiviral responseImmune cell activationMiR-221 expressionAnti-viral responseInnate antiviral responseInnate immune systemAnti-viral defenseIFNβ productionVirus infectionMultiple candidate targetsImmune systemCell activationCandidate targetsInfectionRNA-seq analysisCritical roleDirect bindingResponseMicroRNA regulators
2013
SERUM ANTIBODIES TO BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM, AND BABESIA MICROTI IN RECAPTURED WHITE-FOOTED MICE
Magnarelli LA, Williams SC, Norris SJ, Fikrig E. SERUM ANTIBODIES TO BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM, AND BABESIA MICROTI IN RECAPTURED WHITE-FOOTED MICE. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 2013, 49: 294-302. PMID: 23568904, PMCID: PMC3712766, DOI: 10.7589/2012-06-172.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB. microtiA. phagocytophilumB. burgdorferiBabesia microtiSolid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayAnaplasma phagocytophilumMouse immune systemEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assayIndirect fluorescent antibodyAntibody statusAntibody titersBorrelia burgdorferi sensu strictoSerum antibodiesTotal antibodyAntibody prevalenceNegative statusBurgdorferi sensu strictoImmune systemPatent infectionsEnd pointMiceImmunosorbent assayAntibodiesBorrelia burgdorferiFluorescent antibody
2012
Immunity's fourth dimension: approaching the circadian–immune connection
Arjona A, Silver AC, Walker WE, Fikrig E. Immunity's fourth dimension: approaching the circadian–immune connection. Trends In Immunology 2012, 33: 607-612. PMID: 23000010, PMCID: PMC3712756, DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2012.08.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSemaphorin 7A Contributes to West Nile Virus Pathogenesis through TGF-β1/Smad6 Signaling
Sultana H, Neelakanta G, Foellmer HG, Montgomery RR, Anderson JF, Koski RA, Medzhitov RM, Fikrig E. Semaphorin 7A Contributes to West Nile Virus Pathogenesis through TGF-β1/Smad6 Signaling. The Journal Of Immunology 2012, 189: 3150-3158. PMID: 22896629, PMCID: PMC3496209, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201140.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRole of Sema7AWNV infectionSemaphorin 7ATGF-β1Lethal West Nile virus infectionViral pathogenesisBlood-brain barrier permeabilityWest Nile Virus PathogenesisWest Nile virus infectionMurine cortical neuronsPrimary human macrophagesViral burdenWNV pathogenesisCortical neuronsBarrier permeabilityFlaviviral infectionsVirus infectionVirus pathogenesisNervous systemImmune systemPathogenesisInfectionHuman macrophagesSema7AMiceThe Circadian Clock Controls Toll-like Receptor 9-Mediated Innate and Adaptive Immunity
Silver AC, Arjona A, Walker WE, Fikrig E. The Circadian Clock Controls Toll-like Receptor 9-Mediated Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Immunity 2012, 36: 251-261. PMID: 22342842, PMCID: PMC3315694, DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.12.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsToll-like receptor 9Receptor 9Adaptive immune responsesInnate immune systemCircadian molecular clockSepsis inductionTLR9 expressionTLR9 ligandsImmune responseVaccination modelAdaptive immunityMouse modelImmune systemDisease severityHomeostatic processesCircadian rhythmBiologic processesDirect molecular linkMolecular linkRhythmSepsisImmunotherapyImmunoprophylaxisExpressionInnate
2011
Innate immune control of West Nile virus infection
Arjona A, Wang P, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E. Innate immune control of West Nile virus infection. Cellular Microbiology 2011, 13: 1648-1658. PMID: 21790942, PMCID: PMC3196381, DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2011.01649.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWest Nile virusWNV infectionAntiviral innate immune mechanismsLong-term neurologic sequelaeWest Nile virus infectionRe-emerging zoonotic pathogenInnate immune controlInnate immune mechanismsLife-threatening meningoencephalitisInnate immune systemNeurologic sequelaeImmune controlInflammatory mediatorsImmune mechanismsMammalian hostsVirus infectionCurrent evidenceViral infectionAntiviral effectorsImmune systemFlaviviridae familyAntiviral mechanismInfectionNile virusJAK-STAT
2009
Human innate immunosenescence: causes and consequences for immunity in old age
Panda A, Arjona A, Sapey E, Bai F, Fikrig E, Montgomery RR, Lord JM, Shaw AC. Human innate immunosenescence: causes and consequences for immunity in old age. Trends In Immunology 2009, 30: 325-333. PMID: 19541535, PMCID: PMC4067971, DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2009.05.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInnate immune system initiatesNatural killer T cellsOlder ageAntiviral cytokine productionKiller T cellsInnate immune responseInnate immune systemDendritic cellsNatural killerCytokine productionHuman immunosenescenceT cellsImmune responseAdaptive immunityImmune systemInnate immunityImmunityAgeCellsDiverse cellsImmunosenescenceVaccinationNeutrophilsMonocytesInfection