2009
Can flexibility be constraining?
Pinker E, Lee H, Berman O. Can flexibility be constraining? IIE Transactions 2009, 42: 45-59. DOI: 10.1080/07408170903113789.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOptimal staffing decisionsDemand shocksUncertain demandFlexibility policiesForms of flexibilityHigher total costsInventory costsLittle slackFirmsWorkforce flexibilityTotal costShockStaffing decisionsDemandCostPolicySlackSecond stageDecisionsCommon optionFirst stageWorkforceFlexibilityDifferent formsBenefits
2008
Asymmetric Competition in B2B Spot Markets
Etzion H, Pinker E. Asymmetric Competition in B2B Spot Markets. Production And Operations Management 2008, 17: 150-161. DOI: 10.3401/poms.1080.0014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchB2B spot marketSpot marketMarket demandContract benefitsForward contractsTypes of suppliersSelling channelMarket gainsInventory liquidationIndustry supplyStrategic behaviorSuppliersHigher incentivesMarketMarket supplyContractsIndustryAsymmetric competitionDemandLiquidationIncentivesBenefitsCompetitionSupply
2003
Optimizing the use of contingent labor when demand is uncertain
Pinker E, Larson R. Optimizing the use of contingent labor when demand is uncertain. European Journal Of Operational Research 2003, 144: 39-55. DOI: 10.1016/s0377-2217(01)00378-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVariety of contractsBenefits of flexibilityContingent workersTemporary workersContingent laborMinimum payRegular workersWorkforce managementFinite planning horizonCall workersStaffing decisionsTiming of informationBacklog costsContractsPlanning horizonWorkersDynamic programming problemLaborPayOptimization problemComputational effortNumerical examplesWorkforceDemandProgramming problem
2001
Contingent Labor Contracting Under Demand and Supply Uncertainty
Milner J, Pinker E. Contingent Labor Contracting Under Demand and Supply Uncertainty. Management Science 2001, 47: 1046-1062. DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.47.8.1046.10233.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSupply uncertaintyLong-term contractsSupply agenciesLabor supplyOptimal contractContract parametersAvailability uncertaintyProductivity uncertaintyLabor contractingFirmsContractsContingent laborContract negotiationsMathematical modelDemandUncertaintySupplyContractingOptimal wayAgenciesLaborLarge rangeProductivityModelNegotiations