Multiple Origins of Knockdown Resistance Mutations in the Afrotropical Mosquito Vector Anopheles gambiae
Pinto J, Lynd A, Vicente J, Santolamazza F, Randle N, Gentile G, Moreno M, Simard F, Charlwood J, do Rosário V, Caccone A, della Torre A, Donnelly M. Multiple Origins of Knockdown Resistance Mutations in the Afrotropical Mosquito Vector Anopheles gambiae. PLOS ONE 2007, 2: e1243. PMID: 18043750, PMCID: PMC2080755, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001243.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsResistance allelesMutation eventsMosquito vector Anopheles gambiaeVoltage-gated sodium channel geneNatural insect populationsEvolution of resistanceInsecticide resistance mutationsIndependent mutation eventsGambiae S formSodium channel geneMalaria vector AnophelesKnockdown resistance alleleKnockdown resistance (kdr) mutationsGene flowMolecular evolutionNeutrality testsSelective sweepsMalaria vector control programmesAdaptive traitsMultiple mutation eventsInsect populationsGenomic regionsHaplotype compositionKdr locusLocal selection