1987
A COMMUNITY-BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE ATTENDANDCE OF GROUP DAY CARE AND DISEASE DUE TO HAEMOPHILUS INFLUNZAE TYPE B (Hib)
Shapiro E. A COMMUNITY-BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE ATTENDANDCE OF GROUP DAY CARE AND DISEASE DUE TO HAEMOPHILUS INFLUNZAE TYPE B (Hib). Pediatric Research 1987, 21: 262-262. DOI: 10.1203/00006450-198704010-00569.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1986
Does breast-feeding protect against infections in infants less than 3 months of age?
Leventhal J, Shapiro E, Aten C, Berg A, Egerter S. Does breast-feeding protect against infections in infants less than 3 months of age? Pediatrics 1986, 78: 896-903. PMID: 3093969, DOI: 10.1542/peds.78.5.896.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCase-control pairsSurveillance biasOdds ratioProtective effectYale-New Haven HospitalBreast-feeding protectsPotential surveillance biasTime of hospitalizationSeverity of illnessBreast-fed infantsCase-control studyApparent protective effectMonths of ageLogistic regression modelsDays of ageMild illnessInfectious illnessPotential confoundersHealthy childrenMedical conditionsStratified resultsSerious illnessInfantsIllnessInfection
1984
A controlled evaluation of the protective efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine for patients at high risk of serious pneumococcal infections.
Shapiro E, Clemens J. A controlled evaluation of the protective efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine for patients at high risk of serious pneumococcal infections. Annals Of Internal Medicine 1984, 101: 325-30. PMID: 6380367, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-101-3-325.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncreased risk of pneumococcal infectionRisk of pneumococcal infectionEfficacy of pneumococcal vaccineSystemic pneumococcal infectionPneumococcal infectionPneumococcal vaccineVaccine protective efficacyIncreased riskProtective efficacyCase-control studyOdds ratioVaccine efficacyHigh riskMatched controlsPatientsInfectionConfounding variablesEfficacyVaccine