2021
Analysis of Survival Among Adults With Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer in the National Cancer Database
Cheng E, Blackburn HN, Ng K, Spiegelman D, Irwin ML, Ma X, Gross CP, Tabung FK, Giovannucci EL, Kunz PL, Llor X, Billingsley K, Meyerhardt JA, Ahuja N, Fuchs CS. Analysis of Survival Among Adults With Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer in the National Cancer Database. JAMA Network Open 2021, 4: e2112539. PMID: 34132794, PMCID: PMC8209612, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.12539.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly-onset colorectal cancerOnset colorectal cancerNational Cancer DatabaseColorectal cancerAge 51Overall survivalCancer DatabaseIncidence of CRCCox proportional hazards regressionPrimary colorectal cancerKaplan-Meier analysisProportional hazards regressionAge 50 yearsAge 25 yearsAnalysis of survivalCohort studySurvival benefitHazards regressionUnadjusted analysesCancer incidenceMAIN OUTCOMEAge 35Survival advantageLower riskStage I
2020
The fidelity of implementation of recommended care for children with malaria by community health workers in Nigeria
Adeoti O, Spiegelman D, Afonne C, Falade CO, Jegede AS, Oshiname FO, Gomes M, Ajayi IO. The fidelity of implementation of recommended care for children with malaria by community health workers in Nigeria. Implementation Science 2020, 15: 13. PMID: 32131852, PMCID: PMC7057616, DOI: 10.1186/s13012-020-0968-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAntimalarialsArtemisininsCaregiversChild, PreschoolClinical ProtocolsCommunity Health WorkersCounselingDrug Therapy, CombinationEmployee Performance AppraisalFemaleHumansImplementation ScienceInfantInservice TrainingMalariaMicrobiological TechniquesMiddle AgedNigeriaSocioeconomic FactorsConceptsCommunity health workersResource-poor settingsClinical evaluationTreatment protocolHealth workersPerformance scoresFemale community health workersHome-based caregiversMalaria treatment recommendationsUnit increaseGold standard comparatorPost-treatment counselingOverall adherenceTreatment recommendationsMalaria careBetter outcomesQuality careTotal performance scoreFidelity of implementationIntervention fidelityMean performance scoresStandard checklistHome managementMalariaGold standard
2005
Selenium levels in relation to morbidity and mortality among children born to HIV-infected mothers
Kupka R, Msamanga GI, Spiegelman D, Rifai N, Hunter DJ, Fawzi WW. Selenium levels in relation to morbidity and mortality among children born to HIV-infected mothers. European Journal Of Clinical Nutrition 2005, 59: 1250-1258. PMID: 16015252, DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602236.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlasma selenium levelsMorbidity informationSelenium levelsChild mortalityMaternal vitamin supplementsMonthly clinic visitsProspective cohort studyTertiary care hospitalMuhimbili National HospitalRisk of diarrheaChild health outcomesMonths of ageSelenium statusCause mortalityClinic visitsCohort studyRespiratory outcomesMedian ageStudy clinicNational HospitalVitamin supplementsHealth outcomesStudy childrenFogarty International CenterStudy participants
2002
Transmission of HIV-1 Through Breastfeeding Among Women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Fawzi W, Msamanga G, Spiegelman D, Renjifo B, Bang H, Kapiga S, Coley J, Hertzmark E, Essex M, Hunter D. Transmission of HIV-1 Through Breastfeeding Among Women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2002, 31: 331-338. PMID: 12439210, DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200211010-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1High maternal viral loadLow CD4 cell countsMultivariate proportional hazards modelMaternal viral loadCD4 cell countHIV-1 transmissionErythrocyte sedimentation rateAge 6 weeksAge 4 monthsChildren of womenProportional hazards modelDar es SalaamAge 24 monthsAnalysis of correlatesNipple cracksChild transmissionImmune reconstitutionCumulative incidenceViral loadPregnant womenAntiretroviral drugsMean durationMicronutrient supplementsHigh riskVitamin A Supplements Ameliorate the Adverse Effect of HIV-1, Malaria, and Diarrheal Infections on Child Growth
Villamor E, Mbise R, Spiegelman D, Hertzmark E, Fataki M, Peterson KE, Ndossi G, Fawzi WW. Vitamin A Supplements Ameliorate the Adverse Effect of HIV-1, Malaria, and Diarrheal Infections on Child Growth. Pediatrics 2002, 109: e6-e6. PMID: 11773574, DOI: 10.1542/peds.109.1.e6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMid-upper arm circumferenceMonths of ageVitamin A supplementsPersistent diarrheaHIV infectionRespiratory infectionsVitamin AArm circumferenceHIV statusStudy clinicTreatment armsA supplementsHigher mid-upper arm circumferenceHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionInfectious diseasesAdverse effectsLow arm circumferenceEpisodes of infectionImmunodeficiency virus infectionDay of admissionIU vitamin APrevalence of vitaminChild growthConfidence intervalsSeverity of diarrhea
2000
Vitamin A supplements and diarrheal and respiratory tract infections among children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Fawzi W, Mbise R, Spiegelman D, Fataki M, Hertzmark E, Ndossi G. Vitamin A supplements and diarrheal and respiratory tract infections among children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2000, 137: 660-667. PMID: 11060532, DOI: 10.1067/mpd.2000.110136.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRespiratory tract infectionsHuman immunodeficiency virusTract infectionsVitamin APlacebo-controlled trialAcute respiratory infectionsSevere watery diarrheaRisk of diarrheaEffect of vitaminDuration of episodesRapid respiratory rateLow-cost interventionAcute diarrheaRespiratory infectionsImmunodeficiency virusWatery diarrheaAdverse outcomesUndernourished childrenHigh riskDiarrheaRespiratory rateInfectionSmall riskPlaceboDar es SalaamPredictors of Change in the Functional Status of Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Missmer S, Spiegelman D, Gorbach S, Miller T. Predictors of Change in the Functional Status of Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Pediatrics 2000, 106: e24-e24. PMID: 10920180, DOI: 10.1542/peds.106.2.e24.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHeight z-scoreHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionImmunodeficiency virus infectionTotal health scoreFunctional statusHealth scoresZ-scoreGeneral healthVirus infectionBaseline evaluationCD4 T-lymphocyte countFunctional status parametersFunctional status surveyHIV disease stageT-lymphocyte countsAbsolute CD4 countGeneral health scoresImportant clinical predictorsSignificant univariate predictorsFunctional status scoresMain outcome measuresNon-white raceResponsiveness scoresPredictors of changeCD4 countVitamin A supplementation and other predictors of anemia among children from Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Villamor E, Mbise R, Spiegelman D, Ndossi G, Fawzi WW. Vitamin A supplementation and other predictors of anemia among children from Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2000, 62: 590-7. PMID: 11289670, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2000.62.590.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSevere anemiaHemoglobin levelsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionPredictors of anemiaPlacebo-controlled trialImmunodeficiency virus infectionMean hemoglobin levelAssociation of hemoglobinMonths of breastfeedingDiagnosis of malariaYears of agePotential confounding variablesMonth old infantsLow socioeconomic statusHIV infectionIndependent determinantsMalaria infectionMaternal levelsAdditional dosesNonsignificant reductionHematologic profileVirus infectionSignificant fallHemoglobin concentrationVitamin A
1999
Rationale and Design of the Tanzania Vitamin and HIV Infection Trial
Fawzi W, Msamanga G, Spiegelman D, Urassa E, Hunter D. Rationale and Design of the Tanzania Vitamin and HIV Infection Trial. Contemporary Clinical Trials 1999, 20: 75-90. PMID: 10027501, DOI: 10.1016/s0197-2456(98)00045-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV infectionVitamin APregnant womenPolymerase chain reactionVitamin supplementsHIV-positive pregnant womenVertical transmissionHIV Infection TrialInfant immune functionEligible pregnant womenPlacebo-controlled trialClinical staging systemHIV-positive womenGenital tract secretionsUse of supplementsHIV diseaseMost HIVPrevention trialsViral loadMain endpointBreast milkStaging systemCohort retentionPosttest counselingTract secretionsA randomized trial of vitamin A supplements in relation to mortality among human immunodeficiency virus-infected and uninfected children in Tanzania
FAWZI W, MBISE R, HERTZMARK E, FATAKI M, HERRERA M, NDOSSI G, SPIEGELMAN D. A randomized trial of vitamin A supplements in relation to mortality among human immunodeficiency virus-infected and uninfected children in Tanzania. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 1999, 18: 127-133. PMID: 10048684, DOI: 10.1097/00006454-199902000-00009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUninfected childrenCause mortalityChildren ages 6 monthsMortality of HIVTrial of vitaminPlacebo-controlled trialDiarrhea-related deathsAge 6 monthsWestern blot testMonths of ageEnzyme-linked immunosorbentLow-cost interventionChildren 58HIV antibodiesHospital dischargeHIV infectionHIV statusPositive childrenStandard treatmentMean durationAntigen assaysFurther dosesHuman immunodeficiencyClinical signsNeutralization assays
1998
Vitamin A supplementation and severity of pneumonia in children admitted to the hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 1 2 3
Fawzi WW, Mbise RL, Fataki MR, Herrera MG, Kawau F, Hertzmark E, Spiegelman D, Ndossi G. Vitamin A supplementation and severity of pneumonia in children admitted to the hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 1 2 3. American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition 1998, 68: 187-192. PMID: 9665113, DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/68.1.187.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVitamin APlacebo groupTanzanian childrenLarge dosesAcute lower respiratory tract infectionLower respiratory tract infectionsImportant public health problemPlacebo-controlled trialRespiratory tract infectionsDay of admissionSeverity of pneumoniaBreast-feeding statusCourse of pneumoniaSevere clinical conditionMean numberPublic health problemRapid respiratory rateHospital stayTract infectionsDietary vitaminClinical conditionsProtective effectRespiratory diseaseHealth problemsNutritional status
1997
A prospective study of malnutrition in relation to child mortality in the Sudan
Fawzi W, Herrera, Spiegelman D, Amin A, Nestel P, Mohamed K. A prospective study of malnutrition in relation to child mortality in the Sudan. American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition 1997, 65: 1062-1069. PMID: 9094894, DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/65.4.1062.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1993
Vitamin A supplementation and dietary vitamin A in relation to the risk of xerophthalmia
Fawzi W, Herrera, Willett W, Amin A, Nestel P, Lipsitz S, Spiegelman D, Mohamed K. Vitamin A supplementation and dietary vitamin A in relation to the risk of xerophthalmia. American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition 1993, 58: 385-391. PMID: 8237850, DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/58.3.385.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk of xerophthalmiaDietary vitaminVitamin AIncidence of xerophthalmiaTotal dietary vitaminMultivariate relative riskRisk of vitaminVitamin A supplementsDietary vitamin ASigns of vitaminEye symptomsExtreme quintilesNutritional blindnessRelative riskA supplementsReduced riskXerophthalmiaVitaminRiskPreschool childrenFurther dataChildrenIntakeSupplementationSame endpoints