2005
Plasma Carotenoids, Retinol, and Tocopherols and Risk of Breast Cancer
Tamimi RM, Hankinson SE, Campos H, Spiegelman D, Zhang S, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Hunter DJ. Plasma Carotenoids, Retinol, and Tocopherols and Risk of Breast Cancer. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2005, 161: 153-160. PMID: 15632265, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwi030.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLutein/zeaxanthinBreast cancerHealth StudyPlasma carotenoidsNurses' Health StudyBreast cancer riskCase-control studyBreast cancer etiologyNodal metastasisHighest quintileInvasive cancerLowest quintileBlood drawInverse associationCancer riskAlpha-tocopherolCancerCancer etiologyGamma-tocopherolWomenRetinolQuintileRiskRole of carotenoidsAssociation
2004
Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Major Chronic Disease
Hung HC, Joshipura KJ, Jiang R, Hu FB, Hunter D, Smith-Warner SA, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Spiegelman D, Willett WC. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Major Chronic Disease. Journal Of The National Cancer Institute 2004, 96: 1577-1584. PMID: 15523086, DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djh296.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAnalysis of VarianceCardiovascular DiseasesCause of DeathChronic DiseaseConfidence IntervalsConfounding Factors, EpidemiologicDiet SurveysFeeding BehaviorFemaleFollow-Up StudiesFruitHealth PersonnelHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesResearch DesignRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesVegetablesConceptsMajor chronic diseasesVegetable intakeCardiovascular diseaseChronic diseasesRelative riskHealth StudyVegetable consumptionGreen leafy vegetable intakeSemiquantitative food frequency questionnaireCox proportional hazards analysisOverall cancer incidenceTotal fruitNurses' Health StudyFood frequency questionnaireProportional hazards analysisStrong inverse associationProspective cohortGreen leafy vegetablesHighest quintileInverse associationCancer incidenceFood groupsHealth professionalsOverall healthDietary information
2003
Premenopausal intakes of vitamins A, C, and E, folate, and carotenoids, and risk of breast cancer.
Cho E, Spiegelman D, Hunter DJ, Chen WY, Zhang SM, Colditz GA, Willett WC. Premenopausal intakes of vitamins A, C, and E, folate, and carotenoids, and risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 2003, 12: 713-20. PMID: 12917201.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth Study IIBreast cancer riskBreast cancerVitamin ACancer riskNurses' Health Study IIMultivariate relative riskFood frequency questionnaireInvasive breast cancerPrevious epidemiological studiesEarly adult lifePostmenopausal womenPremenopausal womenIncident casesHighest quintileLowest quintileRelative riskHigh intakeEpidemiological studiesNutrient intakeTotal vitaminCancerStudy IIIntakeVitamin CPremenopausal Fat Intake and Risk of Breast Cancer
Cho E, Spiegelman D, Hunter DJ, Chen WY, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willett WC. Premenopausal Fat Intake and Risk of Breast Cancer. Journal Of The National Cancer Institute 2003, 95: 1079-1085. PMID: 12865454, DOI: 10.1093/jnci/95.14.1079.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancer riskDietary fat intakeHigh-fat dairy foodsHealth Study IIFat intakeBreast cancerCancer riskRelative riskPremenopausal womenIncident invasive breast cancerNurses' Health Study IIElevated breast cancer riskRed meatMultivariable relative risksAnimal fat intakeFood frequency questionnaireInvasive breast cancerConfidence intervalsCase-control studyDairy foodsPremenopausal yearsPostmenopausal womenProspective studyHighest quintileLowest quintileDietary carotenoids and risk of coronary artery disease in women 1 , 2 , 3
Osganian SK, Stampfer MJ, Rimm E, Spiegelman D, Manson JE, Willett WC. Dietary carotenoids and risk of coronary artery disease in women 1 , 2 , 3. American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition 2003, 77: 1390-1399. PMID: 12791615, DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/77.6.1390.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk of CADCoronary artery diseaseArtery diseaseHigh intakePrevention of CADIncident coronary artery diseaseSemiquantitative food frequency questionnaireCAD risk factorsBeta-carotene supplementationFood frequency questionnaireCurrent smoking statusDietary carotenoidsSignificant inverse associationLutein/zeaxanthinHigh blood concentrationsConsumption of carotenoidsCAD riskSmoking statusIncident casesHighest quintileLowest quintileInverse associationRisk factorsDietary intakeBlood concentrations
2002
Intakes of vitamins E and C, carotenoids, vitamin supplements, and PD risk
Zhang SM, Hernán MA, Chen H, Spiegelman D, Willett WC, Ascherio A. Intakes of vitamins E and C, carotenoids, vitamin supplements, and PD risk. Neurology 2002, 59: 1161-1169. PMID: 12391343, DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000028688.75881.12.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk of PDVitamin E intakeVitamin EHigh intakeVitamin supplementsE intakeRelative riskHealth StudyHigher dietary vitamin E intakeHigh vitamin E intakePooled multivariate relative risksDietary vitamin E intakeSemiquantitative food frequency questionnaireMultivariate relative riskIncident PD casesNurses' Health StudyFood frequency questionnaireDietary vitamin CDietary vitamin EVitamin C supplementsPathogenesis of PDConsumption of nutsFrequency questionnaireConstituents of foodsHighest quintileDietary and Adipose Tissue Gamma-Tocopherol and Risk of Myocardial Infarction
El-Sohemy A, Baylin A, Spiegelman D, Ascherio A, Campos H. Dietary and Adipose Tissue Gamma-Tocopherol and Risk of Myocardial Infarction. Epidemiology 2002, 13: 216-223. PMID: 11880764, DOI: 10.1097/00001648-200203000-00018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDietary vitamin EMyocardial infarctionGamma-tocopherolOdds ratioVitamin ENonfatal myocardial infarctionFood frequency questionnaireCoronary heart diseasePopulation-based studyFirst myocardial infarctionConfidence intervalsConditional logistic regressionAdipose tissue samplesHighest quintileSupplement usersLowest quintileHeart diseaseInverse associationDietary intakeLower riskSubstantial inverse associationMultivariate analysisLogistic regressionTissue samplesWeak association
2001
Intakes of carotenoids, vitamin C, and vitamin E and MS risk among two large cohorts of women
Zhang SM, Hernán MA, Olek MJ, Spiegelman D, Willett WC, Ascherio A. Intakes of carotenoids, vitamin C, and vitamin E and MS risk among two large cohorts of women. Neurology 2001, 57: 75-80. PMID: 11445631, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.57.1.75.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk of MSVitamin EVitamin CLarge cohortSemiquantitative food frequency questionnaireRecent case-control studyAssociation of intakeMultivariate relative riskVitamin C intakeFood frequency questionnaireIntake of carotenoidsIntake of fruitsDietary vitamin CTotal energy intakeDietary vitamin E.Case-control studyLutein/zeaxanthinCases of MSFrequency questionnaireC intakeMS riskMultivitamin supplementsAntioxidant nutrientsHighest quintileLowest quintileProspective Study of Zinc Intake and the Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Cho E, Stampfer M, Seddon J, Hung S, Spiegelman D, Rimm E, Willett W, Hankinson S. Prospective Study of Zinc Intake and the Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Annals Of Epidemiology 2001, 11: 328-336. PMID: 11399447, DOI: 10.1016/s1047-2797(01)00217-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAge-related macular degenerationZinc intakeRelative riskProspective studyLowest quintileMacular degenerationRisk of AMDDiagnosis of AMDSemiquantitative food frequency questionnaireMultivariate relative riskPooled relative riskFood frequency questionnaireLarge prospective studiesDietary zinc intakeVisual acuity lossTotal zinc intakePotential risk factorsRisk of AgeMultivariate adjustmentIncident casesAcuity lossHighest quintileLong-term benefitsRisk factorsZinc supplements
2000
Prospective study of major dietary patterns and risk of coronary heart disease in men 1 , 2 , 3
Hu F, Rimm E, Stampfer M, Ascherio A, Spiegelman D, Willett W. Prospective study of major dietary patterns and risk of coronary heart disease in men 1 , 2 , 3. American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition 2000, 72: 912-921. PMID: 11010931, DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/72.4.912.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsAgedAlcohol DrinkingBody Mass IndexCohort StudiesCoronary DiseaseDietDiet RecordsDietary SupplementsExerciseFactor Analysis, StatisticalHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisMyocardial InfarctionProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSmokingSurveys and QuestionnairesConceptsCoronary heart diseaseFood frequency questionnaireMajor dietary patternsRisk of CHDDietary patternsHeart diseaseRelative riskHigh intakePattern scoresCases of CHDHigh-fat dairy productsPrudent pattern scoresWestern pattern scoreCHD risk factorsProspective cohort studyOverall dietary patternsBody mass indexPrudent patternCohort studyCigarette smokingMass indexProspective studyHighest quintileMyocardial infarctionSubgroup analysisGlycemic status and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor levels in relation to plasma leptin concentrations among normal weight and overweight US men
Chu N, Spiegelman D, Rifai N, Hotamisligil G, Rimm E. Glycemic status and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor levels in relation to plasma leptin concentrations among normal weight and overweight US men. International Journal Of Obesity 2000, 24: 1085-1092. PMID: 11033975, DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801361.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlasma leptinSTNF-R1C-peptideOverweight menGlycemic statusLeptin concentrationsGlucose homeostasisSoluble tumor necrosis factor receptor levelsSoluble tumour necrosis factor receptor concentrationsTumor necrosis factor receptor levelsDetailed lifestyle questionnaireSTNF-R2 concentrationsHealth Professionals FollowBody mass indexPlasma leptin levelsObesity-related disordersAdipose-derived cytokineCross-sectional studyConsiderable inter-individual variationProfessionals FollowDiabetes mellitusLeptin levelsMass indexNormal weightHighest quintile
1999
Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Relation to Risk of Ischemic Stroke
Joshipura KJ, Ascherio A, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Rimm EB, Speizer FE, Hennekens CH, Spiegelman D, Willett WC. Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Relation to Risk of Ischemic Stroke. JAMA 1999, 282: 1233-1239. PMID: 10517425, DOI: 10.1001/jama.282.13.1233.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIschemic strokeIschemic stroke riskVegetable intakeRelative riskStroke riskGreen leafy vegetablesCardiovascular diseaseHealth StudyLower ischemic stroke riskStandard cardiovascular risk factorsCardiovascular risk factorsNurses' Health StudyProspective cohort studyApparent protective effectDay of fruitsConsumption of fruitsCohort studyHighest quintileLowest quintileRisk factorsTotal strokeProtective effectMAIN OUTCOMELower riskHealth professionalsFluid Intake and the Risk of Bladder Cancer in Men
Michaud D, Spiegelman D, Clinton S, Rimm E, Curhan G, Willett W, Giovannucci E. Fluid Intake and the Risk of Bladder Cancer in Men. New England Journal Of Medicine 1999, 340: 1390-1397. PMID: 10228189, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199905063401803.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTotal fluid intakeTotal daily fluid intakeDaily fluid intakeBladder cancerFluid intakeMultivariate relative riskFood frequency questionnaireFrequency of voidingHigh fluid intakeLogistic regression analysisProspective Health ProfessionalsFrequency of urinationFrequency of consumptionDecreased riskHighest quintileType of beverageLowest quintileRisk factorsRelative riskLower riskUrinary metabolitesHealth professionalsCancerIntakeRisk
1998
Body Anthropometry and the Risk of Hip and Wrist Fractures in Men: Results from a Prospective Study
Owusu W, Willett W, Ascherio A, Spiegelman D, Rimm E, Feskanich D, Colditz G. Body Anthropometry and the Risk of Hip and Wrist Fractures in Men: Results from a Prospective Study. Obesity 1998, 6: 12-19. PMID: 9526965, DOI: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1998.tb00309.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWrist fracturesHip fractureRelative riskBody anthropometryHip ratioLowest quintileFracture casesNonsignificant inverse associationRisk of hipBody mass indexIncidence of hipIncidence of fracturesHip fracture casesYears of ageAvailable epidemiological informationModerate traumaWaist circumferenceMass indexFracture incidenceProspective studyHighest quintileInverse associationSignificant elevationAnthropometric indicatorsAdult men
1997
Calcium Intake and the Incidence of Forearm and Hip Fractures among Men 1 , 2
Owusu W, Willett W, Feskanich D, Ascherio A, Spiegelman D, Colditz G. Calcium Intake and the Incidence of Forearm and Hip Fractures among Men 1 , 2. Journal Of Nutrition 1997, 127: 1782-1787. PMID: 9278560, DOI: 10.1093/jn/127.9.1782.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncidence of forearmCalcium intakeBody mass indexHip fractureRelative riskForearm fracturesComparable relative riskHealth Professionals FollowHigh calcium intakeTotal energy intakeRisk of fractureGlass of milkMen 40Professionals FollowModerate traumaMass indexSmoking statusLifestyle factorsHighest quintileLowest quintileEpidemiologic studiesPhysical activityLower riskAlcohol consumptionEnergy intakeComparison of dietary calcium with supplemental calcium and other nutrients as factors affecting the risk for kidney stones in women.
Curhan GC, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Spiegelman D, Stampfer MJ. Comparison of dietary calcium with supplemental calcium and other nutrients as factors affecting the risk for kidney stones in women. Annals Of Internal Medicine 1997, 126: 497-504. PMID: 9092314, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-126-7-199704010-00001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth Study ISymptomatic kidney stonesDietary calciumSupplemental calciumRelative riskKidney stonesCalcium intakeHighest quintileLowest quintileRisk factorsSelf-administered food frequency questionnaireIncident symptomatic kidney stonesNurses' Health Study IStone formationAbsorption of oxalateFollowing relative risksDietary calcium intakeProspective cohort studyFood frequency questionnaireMain outcome measuresPotential risk factorsYears of ageCohort studyDecreased riskCalcium ingestion
1996
Cohort Studies of Fat Intake and the Risk of Breast Cancer — A Pooled Analysis
Hunter D, Spiegelman D, Adami H, Beeson L, van den Brandt P, Folsom A, Fraser G, Goldbohm R, Graham S, Howe G, Kushi L, Marshall J, McDermott A, Miller A, Speizer F, Wolk A, Yaun S, Willett W. Cohort Studies of Fat Intake and the Risk of Breast Cancer — A Pooled Analysis. New England Journal Of Medicine 1996, 334: 356-361. PMID: 8538706, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199602083340603.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDietary fat intakeFat intakeBreast cancerCohort studyRelative riskEnergy intakeTotal dietary fat intakeLittle overall associationTotal fat intakeMost cohort studiesTotal energy intakeEnergy-adjusted total fat intakeCase-control studyProspective studyHighest quintilePooled analysisLowest quintilePooled estimatesNutrient intakeOverall associationCancerTotal intakeWestern lifestyleIntakeWomen