2023
Patterns of Birth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Histories in Brazil
Tam J, Jaffri M, Mok Y, Jeon J, Szklo A, Souza M, Holford T, Levy D, Cao P, Sánchez-Romero L, Meza R. Patterns of Birth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Histories in Brazil. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2023, 64: s63-s71. PMID: 36775755, PMCID: PMC10240503, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.12.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMean cigarettesBirth cohortSmoker prevalenceSmoking patternsLong-term health outcomesGlobal Adult Tobacco SurveyAdult Tobacco SurveyNational Health SurveyStronger tobacco control policiesTobacco control policiesSmoking historySmoking cessationPublic health decisionsSmoking prevalenceRisk factorsChronic diseasesHealth SurveyTobacco useSmoking initiationHealth outcomesFemale cohortCohortTobacco SurveyTelephone interviewsSmoking parameters
2002
Analysis of Proportions
Holford T. Analysis of Proportions. 2002, 39-80. DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195124408.003.0003.ChaptersRadiation exposure from diagnostic and therapeutic treatments and risk of breast cancer
Zheng T, Holford TR, Mayne ST, Luo J, Owens PH, Zhang B, Zhang W, Zhang Y. Radiation exposure from diagnostic and therapeutic treatments and risk of breast cancer. European Journal Of Cancer Prevention 2002, 11: 229-235. PMID: 12131656, DOI: 10.1097/00008469-200206000-00006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancerTherapeutic radiation treatmentRadiation treatmentOdds ratioTherapeutic radiationSkin problemsBreast cancer risk factorsRadiation exposureCancer risk factorsBreast cancer riskCase-control studyDiagnostic X-ray exposurePostmenopausal womenRisk factorsCancer riskHigh riskYounger ageTherapeutic treatmentCancerDiagnostic X-raysPerson interviewsTreatmentX-ray exposureRiskStructured questionnaire
2001
The Natural History of Periodontal Disease in Man. Risk Factors for Progression of Attachment Loss in Individuals Receiving No Oral Health Care
Neely A, Holford T, Löe H, Ånerud Å, Boysen H. The Natural History of Periodontal Disease in Man. Risk Factors for Progression of Attachment Loss in Individuals Receiving No Oral Health Care. Journal Of Periodontology 2001, 72: 1006-1015. PMID: 11525431, DOI: 10.1902/jop.2001.72.8.1006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHistory of smokingAttachment lossPeriodontal attachment lossGingival indexCalculus indexPlaque indexRisk factorsPeriodontal diseaseNatural historyMean attachment lossOral health assessmentProfessional dental careOral health careFinal adjusted modelPotential risk factorsMesio-buccal surfaceThird molar teethBetel nut useAbsence of teethCaries indexDental careAttachment levelAdjusted modelNut useMolar teethLactation and breast cancer risk: a case–control study in Connecticut
Zheng T, Holford T, Mayne S, Owens P, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Boyle P, Zahm S. Lactation and breast cancer risk: a case–control study in Connecticut. British Journal Of Cancer 2001, 84: 1472-1476. PMID: 11384096, PMCID: PMC2363665, DOI: 10.1054/bjoc.2001.1793.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancer riskBreast cancerCancer riskIncident breast cancer casesMajor risk factorCase-control studyBreast cancer casesRisk reductionMenopausal statusParous womenPostmenopausal womenInverse associationRisk factorsCancer casesStudy interviewersFurther stratificationFirst childWomenStructured questionnaireLifetime durationCancerRiskLactationChildrenBreastfeeding1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene and Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Breast Cancer: Combined Analysis of Five U.S. Studies
Laden F, Collman G, Iwamoto K, Alberg A, Berkowitz G, Freudenheim J, Hankinson S, Helzlsouer K, Holford T, Huang H, Moysich K, Tessari J, Wolff M, Zheng T, Hunter D. 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene and Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Breast Cancer: Combined Analysis of Five U.S. Studies. Journal Of The National Cancer Institute 2001, 93: 768-775. PMID: 11353787, DOI: 10.1093/jnci/93.10.768.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancer riskBreast cancerCancer riskRisk factorsEffect modificationOdds ratioBreast cancer risk factorsElevated breast cancer riskAssess effect modificationBody mass indexCancer risk factorsConfidence intervalsPooled odds ratioPotential risk factorsPlasma/serum concentrationsAssociation of levelsLarge U.S. studiesRandom-effects modelCase patientsMass indexMiddle tertileFifth quintilePooled analysisControl subjectsSerum concentrations
2000
Oxychlordane and trans-nonachlor in breast adipose tissue and risk of female breast cancer.
Zheng T, Holford T, Tessari J, Mayne S, Zahm S, Owens P, Zhang B, Ward B, Carter D, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Dubrow R, Boyle P. Oxychlordane and trans-nonachlor in breast adipose tissue and risk of female breast cancer. Journal Of Cancer Epidemiology And Prevention 2000, 5: 153-60. PMID: 11051111.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdipose tissue levelsBreast cancer riskFemale breast cancerBreast adipose tissueBreast cancerRisk factorsOdds ratioAdipose tissueBenign breast disease controlsFemale breast cancer riskPrimary breast cancer patientsCovariate-adjusted odds ratioEnvironmental exposuresProgesterone receptor statusBreast cancer patientsRecent epidemiological studiesMenopausal statusReceptor statusHighest quartileEpidemiological studiesCancerMajor metaboliteRiskStructured questionnaireOverall significant impact
1999
A Multicomponent Intervention to Prevent Delirium in Hospitalized Older Patients
Inouye S, Bogardus S, Charpentier P, Leo-Summers L, Acampora D, Holford T, Cooney L. A Multicomponent Intervention to Prevent Delirium in Hospitalized Older Patients. New England Journal Of Medicine 1999, 340: 669-676. PMID: 10053175, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199903043400901.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSeverity of deliriumRisk factorsCognitive impairmentRecurrence rateIntervention groupRisk factor intervention strategyHearing impairmentVisual impairmentHospitalized Older PatientsPatients 70 yearsPrevention of deliriumUsual care unitsUsual care groupGeneral medicine serviceEffective treatment strategiesDuration of episodesPrevent DeliriumOlder patientsRate of usePrimary outcomeSleep medicationPoor outcomePrimary preventionPatient's deliriumTeaching hospital
1997
Statistical evaluation of the role of Helicobacter pylori in stress gastritis: Applications of splines and bootstrapping to the logistic model
Riester K, Peduzzi P, Holford T, Ellison R, Donta S. Statistical evaluation of the role of Helicobacter pylori in stress gastritis: Applications of splines and bootstrapping to the logistic model. Journal Of Clinical Epidemiology 1997, 50: 1273-1279. PMID: 9393383, DOI: 10.1016/s0895-4356(97)00180-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStress gastritisH. pyloriHelicobacter pyloriIntensive care unit populationIntensive care unitImmunoglobulin A (IgA) concentrationsCharacteristic curve analysisCare unitGastric ulcerRisk factorsUnit populationGastritisA concentrationsPyloriCurve analysisLogistic modelImportant predictorCausal natureSpline modelUlcersThe increase of Hodgkin's disease incidence among young adults
Chen Y, Zheng T, Chou M, Boyle P, Holford T. The increase of Hodgkin's disease incidence among young adults. Cancer 1997, 79: 2209-2218. PMID: 9179069, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19970601)79:11<2209::aid-cncr20>3.0.co;2-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHodgkin's disease incidenceHodgkin's diseaseRisk factorsVirus infectionYoung adultsEpstein-Barr virus infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionConnecticut Tumor RegistryImmunodeficiency virus infectionAnalytical epidemiologic studiesMajor risk factorIncidence rate changesAdults ages 20Young adults ages 20Tumor RegistryHistologic typeDisease incidenceCohort analysisEpidemiologic studiesAge 20Cohort patternsCohort phenomenonIncidenceDiseaseYoung femalesAre cancers of the salivary gland increasing? Experience from Connecticut, USA.
Zheng T, Holford T, Chen Y, Ward B, Liu W, Flannery J, Boyle P. Are cancers of the salivary gland increasing? Experience from Connecticut, USA. International Journal Of Epidemiology 1997, 26: 264-271. PMID: 9169160, DOI: 10.1093/ije/26.2.264.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSalivary glandsRelative riskBirth cohortRare squamous cell carcinomaEpstein-Barr virus infectionConnecticut Tumor Registry dataTime trendsComparable relative riskSquamous cell carcinomaTumor registry dataAge group 40Salivary gland cancerYears of ageOlder age groupsRecent birth cohortsObserved time trendsPrior cancerLower gumCell carcinomaGland cancerIncidence rateRisk factorsUnivariate analysisCancer sitesRegistry dataRisk of tongue cancer associated with tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption: a case-control study
Zheng T, Holford T, Chen Y, Jiang P, Zhang B, Boyle P. Risk of tongue cancer associated with tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption: a case-control study. Oral Oncology 1997, 33: 82-85. PMID: 9231164, DOI: 10.1016/s0964-1955(96)00056-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTongue cancerCase-control studyTobacco smokingAlcohol drinkingRisk factorsCurrent smokersCigarette equivalentsQuitting smokingEffect modificationTobacco consumptionSmokingAlcohol consumptionNumber of casesSignificant associationCancerYoung populationRiskRecent studiesDrinkingDaysSmokersYearsStudyDiseaseWeeks
1996
Time trend and age‐period‐cohort effect on incidence of bladder cancer in Connecticut, 1935–1992
Zheng T, Holford T, Chen Y, Z. J, Mayne S, Liu W, Flannery J, Boyle P. Time trend and age‐period‐cohort effect on incidence of bladder cancer in Connecticut, 1935–1992. International Journal Of Cancer 1996, 68: 172-176. PMID: 8900423, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19961009)68:2<172::aid-ijc5>3.0.co;2-v.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUrinary bladder cancerMajor risk factorBladder cancerRisk factorsIncidence rateBirth-cohort patternSmoking-related cancersAnalytical epidemiologic studiesTime trendsTobacco smokingCigarette smokingLung cancerOccupational exposureEpidemiologic studiesCancerMarked increaseSmokingCohort effectsMalesRecent studiesCurrent studyFemalesIncidenceStudyConnecticutAsthma among Puerto Rican Hispanics: a multi-ethnic comparison study of risk factors.
Beckett W, Belanger K, Gent J, Holford T, Leaderer B. Asthma among Puerto Rican Hispanics: a multi-ethnic comparison study of risk factors. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 1996, 154: 894-899. PMID: 8887582, DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.154.4.8887582.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk factorsPuerto Rican HispanicsSocioeconomic statusHispanic ethnicityHispanic mothersEnvironmental tobacco smoke exposureIndependent risk factorPhysician-diagnosed asthmaPrevalence of asthmaTobacco smoke exposureStrong risk factorAfrican American ethnicityEnvironmental risk factorsYr of ageLow socioeconomic statusStudy of asthmaNon-Hispanic whitesMo of ageActive smokingAsthmatic childrenSmoke exposureChildhood asthmaCigarette smokersMaternal ageMaternal historySmoking and drinking in relation to oral epithelial dysplasia.
Morse D, Katz R, Pendrys D, Holford T, Krutchkoff D, Eisenberg E, Kosis D, Mayne S. Smoking and drinking in relation to oral epithelial dysplasia. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 1996, 5: 769-77. PMID: 8896887.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOral epithelial dysplasiaOdds ratioMouthwash useDenture statusRisk factorsEpithelial dysplasiaDrinks/weekAdjusted odds ratioImportant risk factorOral Pathology LaboratoryStandardized telephone interviewCase-control studyPotential risk factorsConditional logistic regressionLevel of smokingCurrent smokingAlcohol intakeIncident casesSmoking cessationOral cancerExcess riskHistopathological diagnosisSmokingAppointment dateLogistic regressionMalignant melanoma risk factors by anatomic site: A case‐control study and polychotomous logistic regression analysis
Chen Y, Dubrow R, Holford T, Zheng T, Barnhill R, Fine J, Berwick M. Malignant melanoma risk factors by anatomic site: A case‐control study and polychotomous logistic regression analysis. International Journal Of Cancer 1996, 67: 636-643. PMID: 8782651, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19960904)67:5<636::aid-ijc8>3.0.co;2-v.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMelanoma risk factorsCase-control studyRisk factorsAnatomic sitesSun exposurePopulation-based case-control studySun exposure-related factorsIntermittent sun exposureHistory of sunburnOnly risk factorPolychotomous logistic regression analysisInvasive melanoma casesNumber of neviLogistic regression analysisExposure-related factorsDevelopment of melanomaSex differencesPolychotomous logistic regressionHistologic subtypeMalignant melanomaClothing habitsPigmentary characteristicsMelanoma casesStudy subjectsLogistic regressionThe Continuing Increase in Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Birth Cohort Phenomenon
ZHENG T, HOLFORD T, MA Z, CHEN Y, LIU W, WARD B, BOYLE P. The Continuing Increase in Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Birth Cohort Phenomenon. International Journal Of Epidemiology 1996, 25: 252-258. PMID: 9119549, DOI: 10.1093/ije/25.2.252.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUterine cervixInvasive adenocarcinomaBirth cohortStrong birth cohort effectTime trendsBirth-cohort patternEnd Results (SEER) dataBirth-cohort phenomenonAnalytical epidemiological studiesBirth cohort effectsRecent birth cohortsObserved time trendsYoung white womenRisk factorsEpidemiological studiesCervixAdenocarcinomaCohort patternsCohort phenomenonCohortWhite womenCohort modelCohort effectsObserved increaseResult dataContinuing increase in incidence of germ‐cell testis cancer in young adults: Experience from Connecticut, USA, 1935–1992
Zheng T, Holford T, Ma Z, Ward B, Flannery J, Boyle P. Continuing increase in incidence of germ‐cell testis cancer in young adults: Experience from Connecticut, USA, 1935–1992. International Journal Of Cancer 1996, 65: 723-729. PMID: 8631581, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19960315)65:6<723::aid-ijc2>3.0.co;2-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGerm cell testis cancerTestis cancerHistologic typeEpidemiologic studiesOverall age-adjusted incidence rateStrong birth cohort effectAge-adjusted incidence ratesEarly lifetime exposuresAnalytical epidemiologic studiesDescriptive epidemiologic studyAge group 20Birth cohort effectsObserved incidence patternsIncidence rateRisk factorsGroup 20Cancer registrationLifetime exposureIncidence patternsLarger sample sizeSeminomaCancerCohort modelingYoung adultsCohort
1993
The time trend and age—period—cohort effects on incidence of adenocarcinoma of the stomach in connecticut from 1955–1989
Zheng T, Mayne S, Holford T, Boyle P, Liu W, Chen Y, Mador M, Flannery J. The time trend and age—period—cohort effects on incidence of adenocarcinoma of the stomach in connecticut from 1955–1989. Cancer 1993, 72: 330-340. PMID: 8319166, DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19930715)72:2<330::aid-cncr2820720205>3.0.co;2-l.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDistal stomachGastric cardiaObserved time trendsRisk factorsIncidence rateBirth cohortAge-adjusted incidence ratesTime trendsDifferent epidemiologic featuresFuture analytic studiesIncrease of adenocarcinomaConnecticut Tumor RegistryIncidence of adenocarcinomaRisk of adenocarcinomaBirth-cohort phenomenonRegression modelingUnited States populationUnspecified subsiteRetinol intakeHiatal herniaTumor RegistryEpidemiologic featuresAlcohol intakeIncident casesEtiologic factors
1992
Analysing the temporal effects of age, period and cohort
Holford T. Analysing the temporal effects of age, period and cohort. Statistical Methods In Medical Research 1992, 1: 317-337. PMID: 1341663, DOI: 10.1177/096228029200100306.Peer-Reviewed Original Research