2024
Smoking patterns by birth cohort in Argentina: an age-period-cohort population-based modeling study
Salgado M, Mok Y, Jeon J, Jaffri M, Tam J, Holford T, Sánchez-Romero L, Meza R, Mejia R. Smoking patterns by birth cohort in Argentina: an age-period-cohort population-based modeling study. The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2024, 36: 100823. PMID: 39006127, PMCID: PMC11246057, DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100823.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCurrent smoking prevalenceSmoking prevalenceBirth cohortSmoking initiationCessation probabilitiesPopulation-based modelling studyTobacco control measuresRecent birth cohortsRate of quittingNationally representative surveySmoking ratesSmoking patternsYears of ageRepresentative surveySurveillance modelCancer interventionSmokingSmoking historyPrevalenceCohortGroup ageBirthInterventionCessationAge
2023
Patterns of Birth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Histories in Brazil
Tam J, Jaffri M, Mok Y, Jeon J, Szklo A, Souza M, Holford T, Levy D, Cao P, Sánchez-Romero L, Meza R. Patterns of Birth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Histories in Brazil. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2023, 64: s63-s71. PMID: 36775755, PMCID: PMC10240503, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.12.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMean cigarettesBirth cohortSmoker prevalenceSmoking patternsLong-term health outcomesGlobal Adult Tobacco SurveyAdult Tobacco SurveyNational Health SurveyStronger tobacco control policiesTobacco control policiesSmoking historySmoking cessationPublic health decisionsSmoking prevalenceRisk factorsChronic diseasesHealth SurveyTobacco useSmoking initiationHealth outcomesFemale cohortCohortTobacco SurveyTelephone interviewsSmoking parametersBirth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Patterns by Family Income in the U.S.
Jeon J, Cao P, Fleischer N, Levy D, Holford T, Meza R, Tam J. Birth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Patterns by Family Income in the U.S. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2023, 64: s32-s41. PMID: 36653231, PMCID: PMC11186479, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.07.019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFederal poverty levelBirth cohortSmoking patternsSmoking prevalenceFamily incomeRecent cohortsRecent birth cohortsHigh-income groupsCessation probabilitiesLower cessationPoverty levelCohortMore recent cohortsSmoking disparitiesPrevalenceIncome groupsIntervention strategiesCohort modelOlder cohortGreater declineLevel groupLow-income individualsCessationCohort differencesFuture studiesPatterns of Birth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Histories by Race and Ethnicity in the U.S.
Meza R, Cao P, Jeon J, Fleischer N, Holford T, Levy D, Tam J. Patterns of Birth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Histories by Race and Ethnicity in the U.S. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2023, 64: s11-s21. PMID: 36653232, PMCID: PMC10362802, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.06.022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAmerican IndiansBlack populationCessation probabilitiesNative populationsRace/ethnicityNon-Hispanic white populationNon-Hispanic black populationPacific IslandersBirth cohortNon-Hispanic whitesAlaskan Native populationsWhite populationSmoking prevalenceIndiansNational Health Interview SurveyU.S. smoking prevalenceAlaskan NativesPatterns of smokingHealth Interview SurveyNon-Hispanic blacksIslandersNative individualsNon-Hispanic AsiansNativesSmoking historySmoking Disparities by Level of Educational Attainment and Birth Cohort in the U.S.
Cao P, Jeon J, Tam J, Fleischer N, Levy D, Holford T, Meza R. Smoking Disparities by Level of Educational Attainment and Birth Cohort in the U.S. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2023, 64: s22-s31. PMID: 36935129, PMCID: PMC10177656, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.06.021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBirth cohortSmoking patternsRecent cohortsEducation groupCurrent smoking prevalenceEducation levelGrade educationCessation probabilitiesSmoking prevalenceTobacco useLow prevalenceCohortSmoking disparitiesDemographic characteristicsPrevalenceCohort modelCollege degreeCalendar yearDemographic factorsCessationGroupSpecial considerationDisparitiesIndividualsImportant differencesSmoking Histories by State in the U.S.
Holford T, McKay L, Jeon J, Tam J, Cao P, Fleischer N, Levy D, Meza R. Smoking Histories by State in the U.S. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2023, 64: s42-s52. PMID: 36653233, PMCID: PMC11186469, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.08.018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPack yearsSmoking historySmoking prevalenceBirth cohortSmoking initiationNational Health Interview SurveyMean smoking durationHealth Interview SurveyTobacco Use SupplementRecent birth cohortsTobacco control policiesCessation probabilitiesCigarette smokingSmoking trendsSmoking durationSmoking ratesState-specific trendsPrevalenceTobacco controlInterview SurveyCohortCessationDurationInitiationYears
2016
Comparison of Smoking History Patterns Among African American and White Cohorts in the United States Born 1890 to 1990.
Holford TR, Levy DT, Meza R. Comparison of Smoking History Patterns Among African American and White Cohorts in the United States Born 1890 to 1990. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2016, 18 Suppl 1: s16-29. PMID: 26980861, PMCID: PMC5009449, DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntv274.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNational Health Interview SurveySmoking-related diseasesSmoking historyHealth Interview SurveySurgeon General's ReportBirth cohortCessation probabilitiesSmoking intensityAfrican AmericansUS National Health Interview SurveyInterview SurveyNumber of cigarettesHigh smoking prevalenceLower cessation ratesCurrent smoking behaviorLife course exposuresAdverse health effectsLower cessationSmoking exposureCessation ratesSmoking prevalenceHigh prevalenceGeneral's ReportSmoking behaviorYounger age
2014
Patterns of Birth Cohort–Specific Smoking Histories, 1965–2009
Holford TR, Levy DT, McKay LA, Clarke L, Racine B, Meza R, Land S, Jeon J, Feuer EJ. Patterns of Birth Cohort–Specific Smoking Histories, 1965–2009. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2014, 46: e31-e37. PMID: 24439359, PMCID: PMC3951759, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmoking historyBirth cohortU.S. National Health Interview SurveyNational Health Interview SurveySmoking-related mortalityHealth Interview SurveyTobacco control interventionsCurrent smoking behaviorAge-specific distributionSmoking statusSmoking patternsSmoking intensitySurvival differencesSmoking behaviorCohortControl interventionsDifferent birth cohortsDate of surveyInterview SurveyIntervention strategiesCohort modelSmokersAgePrevalenceSlow decline
2012
Impact of Reduced Tobacco Smoking on Lung Cancer Mortality in the United States During 1975–2000
Moolgavkar SH, Holford TR, Levy DT, Kong CY, Foy M, Clarke L, Jeon J, Hazelton WD, Meza R, Schultz F, McCarthy W, Boer R, Gorlova O, Gazelle GS, Kimmel M, McMahon PM, de Koning HJ, Feuer EJ. Impact of Reduced Tobacco Smoking on Lung Cancer Mortality in the United States During 1975–2000. Journal Of The National Cancer Institute 2012, 104: 541-548. PMID: 22423009, PMCID: PMC3317881, DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djs136.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLung cancer deathsLung cancer mortalityCancer deathSmoking behaviorCancer mortalityMajor public health problemTobacco controlPublic health problemTobacco control strategiesNumber of deathsSmoking historyTobacco smokingLung cancerGroups of investigatorsBirth cohortHealth problemsFirst reportSmokingMortalityDeathUnited StatesWomenMenCohortCancer
1997
Are cancers of the salivary gland increasing? Experience from Connecticut, USA.
Zheng T, Holford T, Chen Y, Ward B, Liu W, Flannery J, Boyle P. Are cancers of the salivary gland increasing? Experience from Connecticut, USA. International Journal Of Epidemiology 1997, 26: 264-271. PMID: 9169160, DOI: 10.1093/ije/26.2.264.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSalivary glandsRelative riskBirth cohortRare squamous cell carcinomaEpstein-Barr virus infectionConnecticut Tumor Registry dataTime trendsComparable relative riskSquamous cell carcinomaTumor registry dataAge group 40Salivary gland cancerYears of ageOlder age groupsRecent birth cohortsObserved time trendsPrior cancerLower gumCell carcinomaGland cancerIncidence rateRisk factorsUnivariate analysisCancer sitesRegistry data
1996
The Continuing Increase in Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Birth Cohort Phenomenon
ZHENG T, HOLFORD T, MA Z, CHEN Y, LIU W, WARD B, BOYLE P. The Continuing Increase in Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Birth Cohort Phenomenon. International Journal Of Epidemiology 1996, 25: 252-258. PMID: 9119549, DOI: 10.1093/ije/25.2.252.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUterine cervixInvasive adenocarcinomaBirth cohortStrong birth cohort effectTime trendsBirth-cohort patternEnd Results (SEER) dataBirth-cohort phenomenonAnalytical epidemiological studiesBirth cohort effectsRecent birth cohortsObserved time trendsYoung white womenRisk factorsEpidemiological studiesCervixAdenocarcinomaCohort patternsCohort phenomenonCohortWhite womenCohort modelCohort effectsObserved increaseResult data
1995
Time trend in pancreatic cancer incidence in connecticut, 1935–1990
Zheng T, Holford T, Ward B, McKay L, Flannery J, Boyle P. Time trend in pancreatic cancer incidence in connecticut, 1935–1990. International Journal Of Cancer 1995, 61: 622-627. PMID: 7768634, DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910610507.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOverall age-adjusted incidence rateAge-adjusted incidence ratesIncidence rateRecent birth cohortsPancreatic cancerBirth cohortIncident pancreatic cancer casesPancreatic cancer incidence ratesAge groupsAge-specific incidence ratesPancreatic cancer incidenceConnecticut Tumor RegistryBirth cohort trendsPancreatic cancer casesCancer incidence ratesTumor RegistryCancer incidenceCancer casesCohort modelingCohort trendsTime trendsCohortCancerIncidenceSex
1994
Time trend and the age‐period‐cohort effect on the incidence of histologic types of lung cancer in connecticut, 1960‐1989
Zheng T, Holford T, Boyle P, Chen Y, Ward B, Flannery J, Mayne S. Time trend and the age‐period‐cohort effect on the incidence of histologic types of lung cancer in connecticut, 1960‐1989. Cancer 1994, 74: 1556-1567. PMID: 8062189, DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19940901)74:5<1556::aid-cncr2820740511>3.0.co;2-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdenocarcinomaAdenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-AlveolarAdultAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overCarcinomaCarcinoma, Small CellCarcinoma, Squamous CellCohort EffectCohort StudiesConnecticutFemaleHumansIncidenceLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedModels, StatisticalRegistriesSex FactorsSmokingTime FactorsConceptsAge-adjusted incidence ratesMajor histologic typesOverall age-adjusted incidence rateAge-specific incidence ratesHistologic typeLung cancer incidenceLung cancerIncidence rateBirth cohortRecent birth cohortsIncidence patternsObserved time trendsCell carcinomaCancer incidenceTime trendsConnecticut Tumor RegistryIncidence of adenocarcinomaSmall cell carcinomaSquamous cell carcinomaLung cancer casesRecent epidemiologic studiesDifferent histologic typesDifferent incidence patternsObserved incidence patternsTumor RegistryTime trends in the incidence of renal carcinoma: Analysis of connecticut tumor registry data, 1935‐1989
Katz D, Zheng T, Holford T, Flannery J. Time trends in the incidence of renal carcinoma: Analysis of connecticut tumor registry data, 1935‐1989. International Journal Of Cancer 1994, 58: 57-63. PMID: 8014016, DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910580111.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransitional cell carcinomaConnecticut Tumor RegistryCell carcinomaIncidence rateRenal cancerPopulation-based cancer registriesIncidence of adenocarcinomaTime trendsCohort effectsRegression modellingEffect of ageTumor RegistryCancer RegistryIncident casesUrinary tractRenal carcinomaBirth cohortCarcinomaAdenocarcinomaRate of riseIncidenceNegative cohort effectRegistryCancerMalesEstimating age, period and cohort effects using the multistage model for cancer
Holford T, Zhang Z, McKay L. Estimating age, period and cohort effects using the multistage model for cancer. Statistics In Medicine 1994, 13: 23-41. PMID: 9061838, DOI: 10.1002/sim.4780130105.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1993
The time trend and age—period—cohort effects on incidence of adenocarcinoma of the stomach in connecticut from 1955–1989
Zheng T, Mayne S, Holford T, Boyle P, Liu W, Chen Y, Mador M, Flannery J. The time trend and age—period—cohort effects on incidence of adenocarcinoma of the stomach in connecticut from 1955–1989. Cancer 1993, 72: 330-340. PMID: 8319166, DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19930715)72:2<330::aid-cncr2820720205>3.0.co;2-l.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDistal stomachGastric cardiaObserved time trendsRisk factorsIncidence rateBirth cohortAge-adjusted incidence ratesTime trendsDifferent epidemiologic featuresFuture analytic studiesIncrease of adenocarcinomaConnecticut Tumor RegistryIncidence of adenocarcinomaRisk of adenocarcinomaBirth-cohort phenomenonRegression modelingUnited States populationUnspecified subsiteRetinol intakeHiatal herniaTumor RegistryEpidemiologic featuresAlcohol intakeIncident casesEtiologic factorsAge‐period‐cohort modelling of large‐bowel‐cancer incidence by anatomic sub‐site and sex in connecticut
Dubrow R, Bernstein J, Holford T. Age‐period‐cohort modelling of large‐bowel‐cancer incidence by anatomic sub‐site and sex in connecticut. International Journal Of Cancer 1993, 53: 907-913. PMID: 8473049, DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910530607.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLeft colonCohort patternsTransverse colonLarge bowelCancer incidenceEtiologic distinctionsConnecticut Tumor RegistryTumor RegistrySigmoid colonCancer casesCohort modellingBirth cohortConnecticut residentsColonRectumCohort modelSexBowelIncidenceDiagnosisMalesFemalesCommon patternRegistryCohort
1992
Analysing the temporal effects of age, period and cohort
Holford T. Analysing the temporal effects of age, period and cohort. Statistical Methods In Medical Research 1992, 1: 317-337. PMID: 1341663, DOI: 10.1177/096228029200100306.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTime trends of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: are they real? What do they mean?
Holford T, Zheng T, Mayne S, McKay L. Time trends of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: are they real? What do they mean? Cancer Research 1992, 52: 5443s-5446s. PMID: 1394151.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTime trend and age-period-cohort effects on incidence of esophageal cancer in Connecticut, 1935–89
Zheng T, Mayne S, Holford T, Boyle P, Liu W, Chen Y, Mador M, Flannery J. Time trend and age-period-cohort effects on incidence of esophageal cancer in Connecticut, 1935–89. Cancer Causes & Control 1992, 3: 481-492. PMID: 1525329, DOI: 10.1007/bf00051361.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSquamous cell carcinomaIncidence rateCell carcinomaEsophageal cancerBirth cohortOverall age-adjusted incidence rateAge-adjusted incidence ratesConnecticut Tumor RegistryEsophageal cancer casesTime trendsEsophageal cancer ratesObserved time trendsGastric cardiaHistologic typeTumor RegistryIncident casesCancer ratesCancer casesAdenocarcinomaIncidence patternsEsophagusCancerLower thirdRegression modelingWhite males