1998
Use of Toenail Fluoride Levels as an Indicator for the Risk of Hip and Forearm Fractures in Women
Feskanich D, Owusu W, Hunter D, Willett W, Ascherio A, Spiegelman D, Morris S, Spate V, Colditz G. Use of Toenail Fluoride Levels as an Indicator for the Risk of Hip and Forearm Fractures in Women. Epidemiology 1998, 9: 412-416. PMID: 9647905, DOI: 10.1097/00001648-199807000-00011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsForearm fracturesFluoride intakeOdds ratioHealth StudyVitamin D intakeDistal forearm fracturesNurses' Health StudyRisk of hipPostmenopausal hormone useBody mass indexLong-term intakeYear of birthD intakeMenopausal statusHip fractureHormone useHighest quartileMass indexOsteoporotic fracturesSmoking statusPrevious hipHeart diseaseSubsequent riskCaffeine intakeEpidemiologic studies
1997
Calcium Intake and the Incidence of Forearm and Hip Fractures among Men 1 , 2
Owusu W, Willett W, Feskanich D, Ascherio A, Spiegelman D, Colditz G. Calcium Intake and the Incidence of Forearm and Hip Fractures among Men 1 , 2. Journal Of Nutrition 1997, 127: 1782-1787. PMID: 9278560, DOI: 10.1093/jn/127.9.1782.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncidence of forearmCalcium intakeBody mass indexHip fractureRelative riskForearm fracturesComparable relative riskHealth Professionals FollowHigh calcium intakeTotal energy intakeRisk of fractureGlass of milkMen 40Professionals FollowModerate traumaMass indexSmoking statusLifestyle factorsHighest quintileLowest quintileEpidemiologic studiesPhysical activityLower riskAlcohol consumptionEnergy intake