2024
The burden of all-cause mortality following influenza-associated hospitalizations, FluSurv-NET, 2010-2019
O’Halloran A, Millman A, Holstein R, Olsen S, Cummings C, Chai S, Kirley P, Alden N, Yousey-Hindes K, Meek J, Openo K, Fawcett E, Ryan P, Leegwater L, Henderson J, McMahon M, Lynfield R, Angeles K, Bleecker M, McGuire S, Spina N, Tesini B, Gaitan M, Lung K, Shiltz E, Thomas A, Talbott H, Schaffner W, Hill M, Reed C, Garg S. The burden of all-cause mortality following influenza-associated hospitalizations, FluSurv-NET, 2010-2019. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2024, ciae547. PMID: 39495002, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae547.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInfluenza-associated hospitalizationsInfluenza-associated deathsIn-hospitalInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkClinical characteristics of patientsHospital dischargeLaboratory-confirmed influenzaImpact of influenzaCharacteristics of patientsAll-cause mortalityMedical conditionsDied in-hospitalFluSurv-NETInfluenza hospitalizationsPost-discharge outcomesClinical characteristicsDeath certificatesOlder patientsPost-dischargeMedian daysPost-discharge deathsInfluenzaPatientsDays post-dischargeCardiovascular disease
2023
412. Comparison of Outcomes in Pneumonia Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 and Influenza in Connecticut, 2015-2020
Kim D, Yousey-Hindes K. 412. Comparison of Outcomes in Pneumonia Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 and Influenza in Connecticut, 2015-2020. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2023, 10: ofad500.482. PMCID: PMC10679268, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad500.482.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAcute respiratory distress syndromeAge groupsFluSurv-NETRespiratory failureMedian lengthDischarge diagnosisPneumonia casesChest X-ray/CTIntensive care unit admissionEmerging Infections ProgramAcute respiratory failureCare unit admissionLaboratory-confirmed influenzaChronic lung diseaseRespiratory distress syndromeLonger median lengthCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemicLength of stayChronic metabolic diseaseComparison of outcomesCOVID-19 hospitalizationHospitalized COVID-19COVID-19Disease 2019 pandemicSame age group
2022
Influenza Antiviral Use in Patients Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza in the United States, FluSurv-NET, 2015–2019
Tenforde M, Cummings C, O’Halloran A, Rothrock G, Kirley P, Alden N, Meek J, Yousey-Hindes K, Openo K, Anderson E, Monroe M, Kim S, Nunez V, McMahon M, McMullen C, Khanlian S, Spina N, Muse A, Gaitán M, Felsen C, Lung K, Shiltz E, Sutton M, Thomas A, Talbot H, Schaffner W, Price A, Chatelain R, Reed C, Garg S. Influenza Antiviral Use in Patients Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza in the United States, FluSurv-NET, 2015–2019. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2022, 10: ofac681. PMID: 36686630, PMCID: PMC9846184, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac681.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEpidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes of Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations in US Children Over 9 Seasons Following the 2009 H1N1 Pandemic
Kamidani S, Garg S, Rolfes MA, Campbell AP, Cummings CN, Haston JC, Openo KP, Fawcett E, Chai SJ, Herlihy R, Yousey-Hindes K, Monroe ML, Kim S, Lynfield R, Smelser C, Muse A, Felsen CB, Billing L, Thomas A, Talbot HK, Schaffner W, Risk I, Anderson EJ. Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes of Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations in US Children Over 9 Seasons Following the 2009 H1N1 Pandemic. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2022, 75: 1930-1939. PMID: 35438769, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac296.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkHospital mortality rateMechanical ventilationMortality rateIntensive care unit admissionRecent population-based dataCare unit admissionInfluenza vaccination ratesLaboratory-confirmed influenzaInfluenza-associated hospitalizationsMultivariable logistic regressionPopulation-based dataHospitalization incidence ratesMonths of ageUnit admissionAntiviral treatmentVaccination ratesRisk factorsIncidence rateHigher oddsUS childrenHospitalizationDisease controlLogistic regressionPneumonia
2021
Characteristics and Outcomes of Hospitalized Pregnant Women With Influenza, 2010 to 2019 : A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.
Holstein R, Dawood FS, O'Halloran A, Cummings C, Ujamaa D, Daily Kirley P, Yousey-Hindes K, Fawcett E, Monroe ML, Kim S, Lynfield R, McMullen C, Muse A, Bennett NM, Billing LM, Sutton M, Thomas A, Talbot HK, Schaffner W, Risk I, Reed C, Garg S. Characteristics and Outcomes of Hospitalized Pregnant Women With Influenza, 2010 to 2019 : A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2021, 175: 149-158. PMID: 34958603, DOI: 10.7326/m21-3668.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfluenza-associated outcomesPregnant womenCross-sectional studyFetal outcomesHospital dischargeInfluenza seasonMechanical ventilationInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkIntensive care unit admissionMedical chart abstractionRepeated cross-sectional studySevere maternal outcomesCare unit admissionLaboratory-confirmed influenzaReproductive-aged womenHospitalized pregnant womenInfluenza A H1N1Multivariable logistic regressionHigh-priority target groupUnit admissionHospital deathICU admissionMaternal outcomesChart abstractionClinical characteristicsInfluenza Antiviral Treatment and Length of Stay
Campbell AP, Tokars JI, Reynolds S, Garg S, Kirley PD, Miller L, Yousey-Hindes K, Anderson EJ, Oni O, Monroe M, Kim S, Lynfield R, Smelser C, Muse AT, Felsen C, Billing LM, Thomas A, Mermel E, Lindegren ML, Schaffner W, Price A, Fry AM. Influenza Antiviral Treatment and Length of Stay. Pediatrics 2021, 148: e2021050417. PMID: 34470815, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-050417.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLaboratory-confirmed influenzaAntiviral treatmentMedical conditionsHospitalized patientsIllness onsetHigh-risk medical conditionsInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkKaplan-Meier survival analysisEarly antiviral treatmentEmpiric antiviral treatmentInfluenza antiviral treatmentLength of stayHospital lengthICU cohortMedian LOSSymptom onsetShorter hospitalizationPrevention recommendationsTime-dependent variablesCox modelAntiviral agentsSurvival analysisCohortDisease controlInfluenza
2020
Acute Cardiovascular Events Associated With Influenza in Hospitalized Adults : A Cross-sectional Study.
Chow EJ, Rolfes MA, O'Halloran A, Anderson EJ, Bennett NM, Billing L, Chai S, Dufort E, Herlihy R, Kim S, Lynfield R, McMullen C, Monroe ML, Schaffner W, Spencer M, Talbot HK, Thomas A, Yousey-Hindes K, Reed C, Garg S. Acute Cardiovascular Events Associated With Influenza in Hospitalized Adults : A Cross-sectional Study. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2020, 173: 605-613. PMID: 32833488, PMCID: PMC8097760, DOI: 10.7326/m20-1509.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute ischemic heart diseaseAcute heart failureAcute cardiovascular eventsLaboratory-confirmed influenzaCardiovascular eventsCross-sectional studyInfluenza vaccinationDischarge codesInfluenza testingChronic conditionsTobacco useInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkInfluenza antiviral medicationsMedical record abstractionIschemic heart diseasePopulation-based studyAnnual influenza epidemicsLogistic regression modelsCommon such eventsRace/ethnicityPractitioner ordersHospitalized adultsAntiviral medicationsHeart failureInfluenza seasonRespiratory and Nonrespiratory Diagnoses Associated With Influenza in Hospitalized Adults
Chow EJ, Rolfes MA, O’Halloran A, Alden NB, Anderson EJ, Bennett NM, Billing L, Dufort E, Kirley PD, George A, Irizarry L, Kim S, Lynfield R, Ryan P, Schaffner W, Talbot HK, Thomas A, Yousey-Hindes K, Reed C, Garg S. Respiratory and Nonrespiratory Diagnoses Associated With Influenza in Hospitalized Adults. JAMA Network Open 2020, 3: e201323. PMID: 32196103, PMCID: PMC7084169, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1323.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLaboratory-confirmed influenzaRespiratory diagnosesInfluenza seasonAcute diagnosisInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkPositive influenza test resultsRevision discharge diagnosis codesSeasonal influenza virus infectionCommon acute diagnosesEarly antiviral treatmentAcute kidney injuryMedical record abstractionPatient demographic characteristicsDischarge diagnosis codesBurden of infectionInfluenza virus infectionInfluenza test resultsCross-sectional studyTranscription-polymerase chain reactionIndirect fluorescent stainingInternational Statistical ClassificationSurveillance networkRelated Health ProblemsFluSurv-NETHospital outcomesSpatial and temporal clustering of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in the United States
Sloan C, Chandrasekhar R, Mitchel E, Ndi D, Miller L, Thomas A, Bennett NM, Chai S, Spencer M, Eckel S, Spina N, Monroe M, Anderson EJ, Lynfield R, Yousey-Hindes K, Bargsten M, Zansky S, Lung K, Schroeder M, N Cummings C, Garg S, Schaffner W, Lindegren ML. Spatial and temporal clustering of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in the United States. Epidemics 2020, 31: 100387. PMID: 32371346, DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2020.100387.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRelative riskHospitalization burdenInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkSocioeconomic factorsLaboratory-confirmed influenzaTiming of influenzaScan statistics analysisInfluenza seasonDisease burdenEpidemic timingSurveillance dataInfluenzaPandemic yearSpatial scan statisticSurveillance networkBurdenLocal socioeconomic factorsUnited StatesEpidemic intensityYearsPhase synchronyNational patternsPatientsSocioeconomicsFactors
2019
LB19. Patterns of Influenza A Hospitalizations by Subtype and Age in the United States, FluSurv-NET, 2018–2019
Garg S, O’Halloran A, O’Halloran A, Cummings C, Cummings C, Holstein R, Kniss K, Anderson E, Anderson E, Bennett N, Bennett N, Billing L, Billing L, Herlihy R, Hill M, Irizarry L, Irizarry L, Kim S, Kim S, Kirley P, Lynfield R, Lynfield R, Monroe M, Monroe M, Spina N, Talbot K, Talbot K, Thomas A, Thomas A, Yousey-Hindes K, Budd A, Brammer L, Reed C, Reed C. LB19. Patterns of Influenza A Hospitalizations by Subtype and Age in the United States, FluSurv-NET, 2018–2019. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2019, 6: s1001-s1002. PMCID: PMC6810298, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz415.2502.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchProportion of casesAge groupsFluSurv-NETHospitalization ratesVirologic surveillanceInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkUS Public Health LaboratoriesCumulative hospitalization rateDistribution of influenzaInfluenza hospitalization ratesLaboratory-confirmed influenzaYears of agePublic health laboratoriesInfluenza resultsH1N1pdm09 virusInfluenza vaccinationHospital admissionInfluenza seasonAge-related differencesInfluenza ASubtype distributionHospitalizationSanofi PasteurUnknown subtypeH1 virusesAge-Related Differences in Hospitalization Rates, Clinical Presentation, and Outcomes Among Older Adults Hospitalized With Influenza—U.S. Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET)
Czaja CA, Miller L, Alden N, Wald HL, Cummings CN, Rolfes MA, Anderson EJ, Bennett NM, Billing LM, Chai SJ, Eckel S, Mansmann R, McMahon M, Monroe ML, Muse A, Risk I, Schaffner W, Thomas AR, Yousey-Hindes K, Garg S, Herlihy RK. Age-Related Differences in Hospitalization Rates, Clinical Presentation, and Outcomes Among Older Adults Hospitalized With Influenza—U.S. Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET). Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2019, 6: ofz225. PMID: 31363771, PMCID: PMC6602897, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz225.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLaboratory-confirmed influenzaInfluenza hospitalizationsAge-related differencesHospitalization ratesInfluenza seasonClinical presentationInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkInfluenza-associated hospitalization ratesOlder adultsHospital deathHospitalized patientsMedical historyHigher oddsAge strataPatientsAge groupsHospitalizationTreatment effortsAdultsPopulation ratesSurveillance networkInfluenzaPresentationStepwise increaseAgeEffects of Influenza Vaccination in the United States During the 2017–2018 Influenza Season
Rolfes MA, Flannery B, Chung JR, O’Halloran A, Garg S, Belongia EA, Gaglani M, Zimmerman RK, Jackson ML, Monto AS, Alden NB, Anderson E, Bennett NM, Billing L, Eckel S, Kirley PD, Lynfield R, Monroe ML, Spencer M, Spina N, Talbot HK, Thomas A, Torres SM, Yousey-Hindes K, Singleton JA, Patel M, Reed C, Fry AM, McLean H, King J, Nowalk M, Balasubramani G, Bear T, Hickey R, Williams J, Reis E, Moehling K, Eng H, Jackson L, Smith M, Raiyani C, Clipper L, Murthy K, Chen W, Reis M, Petrie J, Malosh R, McSpadden E, Segaloff H, Cheng C, Truscon R, Johnson E, Lamerato L, Rosenblum B, Ford S, Johnson M, Raviotta J, Sax T, Steele J, Susick M, Chabra R, Garofolo E, Iozzi P, Kevish B, Middleton D, Urbanski L, Ponder T, Crumbaker T, Iosefo I, Sleeth P, Gandy V, Bounds K, Kylberg M, Rao A, Fader R, Walker K, Volz M, Ray J, Price D, Thomas J, Wehbe-Janek H, Beeram M, Boyd J, Walkowiak J, Probe R, Couchman G, Motakef S, Arroliga A, Kaniclides A, Bouldin E, Baker C, Berke K, Smith M, Rajesh N, Alleman E, Bauer S, Groesbeck M, Brundidge K, Hafeez N, Jackson J, Anastasia I, Kadoo G, Petnic S, Ryan A, Maslar A, Meek J, Chen R, Stephens S, Thomas S, Segler S, Openo K, Fawcett E, Farley M, Martin A, Ryan P, Sunkel R, Lutich T, Perlmutter R, Grace B, Blood T, Zerrlaut C, McMahon M, Strain A, Christensen J, Angeles K, Butler L, Khanlian S, Mansmann R, McMullen C, Pradhan E, Manzi K, Felsen C, Gaitan M, Long K, Fisher N, Hawley E, O’Shaughnessy R, Scott M, Crawford C, Schaffner W, Markus T, Leib K, Dyer K, Santibanez T, Zhai Y, Lu P, Srivastav A, Hung M. Effects of Influenza Vaccination in the United States During the 2017–2018 Influenza Season. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2019, 69: 1845-1853. PMID: 30715278, PMCID: PMC7188082, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz075.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfluenza-associated illnessVaccine effectivenessInfluenza vaccinationInfluenza seasonMedical visitsCurrent influenza vaccinationInfluenza-associated outcomesInfluenza vaccine coverageInfluenza vaccine effectivenessLaboratory-confirmed influenzaTest-negative designInfluenza virus infectionAge-specific estimatesInfluenza B.Vaccine coverageDisease burdenVirus infectionSubstantial burdenAmbulatory settingVaccinationHospitalizationImproved vaccinesInfluenzaIllnessVisits
2018
2494. Influenza B Hospitalizations Are Associated With Mortality in Children, FluSurv-NET, 2011–2017
Garg S, O’Halloran A, Cummings C, Chai S, Alden N, Yousey-Hindes K, Anderson E, Ryan P, Collins J, Smelser C, Blog D, Felsen C, Billing L, Thomas A, Talbot H, Spencer M, Lynfield R, Reed C. 2494. Influenza B Hospitalizations Are Associated With Mortality in Children, FluSurv-NET, 2011–2017. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2018, 5: s748-s749. PMCID: PMC6255344, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy210.2146.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHospital mortalityUnivariate analysisVirus infectionInfluenza Hospitalization Surveillance NetworkInfluenza B virus infectionLaboratory-confirmed influenzaB virus infectionInfluenza-associated hospitalizationsMultivariable logistic regressionInfluenza B virusNon-Hispanic whitesCharacteristics of childrenClinical courseMedian ageMedical chartsMechanical ventilationIllness onsetIntensive careUnadjusted oddsHospitalized childrenB virusIndependent associationSevere outcomesNeurologic diseaseInfluenza type
2017
Impact of pregnancy on observed sex disparities among adults hospitalized with laboratory‐confirmed influenza, FluSurv‐NET, 2010‐2012
Kline K, Hadler JL, Yousey‐Hindes K, Niccolai L, Kirley PD, Miller L, Anderson EJ, Monroe ML, Bohm SR, Lynfield R, Bargsten M, Zansky SM, Lung K, Thomas AR, Brady D, Schaffner W, Reed G, Garg S. Impact of pregnancy on observed sex disparities among adults hospitalized with laboratory‐confirmed influenza, FluSurv‐NET, 2010‐2012. Influenza And Other Respiratory Viruses 2017, 11: 404-411. PMID: 28703414, PMCID: PMC5596517, DOI: 10.1111/irv.12465.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncidence rate ratiosInfluenza-associated hospitalizationsMale incidence rate ratiosPregnant womenLaboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizationsFemale incidence rate ratiosLaboratory-confirmed influenza casesLaboratory-confirmed influenzaLikelihood of vaccinationPopulation-based surveillanceNon-pregnant womenImpact of pregnancyNon-pregnant counterpartsCensus tract-level povertyObserved sex disparityGroup of womenTract-level povertyRace/ethnicityPregnant adult femalesFluSurv-NETHospitalized femalesInfluenza seasonAdult casesVaccination priorityVaccination ratesInfluenza Vaccination Modifies Disease Severity Among Community-dwelling Adults Hospitalized With Influenza
Arriola C, Garg S, Anderson EJ, Ryan PA, George A, Zansky SM, Bennett N, Reingold A, Bargsten M, Miller L, Yousey-Hindes K, Tatham L, Bohm SR, Lynfield R, Thomas A, Lindegren ML, Schaffner W, Fry AM, Chaves SS. Influenza Vaccination Modifies Disease Severity Among Community-dwelling Adults Hospitalized With Influenza. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017, 65: 1289-1297. PMID: 28525597, PMCID: PMC5718038, DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix468.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLaboratory-confirmed influenzaInfluenza vaccinationDisease severityInfluenza seasonIntensive care unit admissionCare unit admissionMultivariable logistic regressionProbability of vaccinationCommunity-dwelling adultsHospital LOSICU LOSUnvaccinated patientsHospital deathICU admissionICU lengthUnit admissionAntiviral treatmentIllness onsetAdverse outcomesOutcome measuresVaccine virusAge strataVaccinationLogistic regressionPropensity score
2013
Heavy alcohol use as a risk factor for severe outcomes among adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza, 2005–2012
Greenbaum A, Chaves S, Perez A, Aragon D, Bandyopadhyay A, Bennett N, Fowler B, Hancock E, Lynfield R, McDonald-Hamm C, Reingold A, Ryan P, Schaffner W, Sharangpani R, Spencer M, Thomas A, Yousey-Hindes K, Zansky S, Finelli L. Heavy alcohol use as a risk factor for severe outcomes among adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza, 2005–2012. Infection 2013, 42: 165-170. PMID: 24243481, DOI: 10.1007/s15010-013-0534-8.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2012
Increase in Rates of Hospitalization Due to Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Among Children and Adults During the 2009–10 Influenza Pandemic
Cox CM, D'Mello T, Perez A, Reingold A, Gershman K, Yousey-Hindes K, Arnold KE, Farley MM, Ryan P, Lynfield R, Morin C, Baumbach J, Hancock EB, Zansky S, Bennett NM, Thomas A, Schaffner W, Finelli L, Network F. Increase in Rates of Hospitalization Due to Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Among Children and Adults During the 2009–10 Influenza Pandemic. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2012, 206: 1350-1358. PMID: 23002448, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis517.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLaboratory-confirmed influenzaPrevious influenza seasonRate of hospitalizationInfluenza seasonEmerging Infections Program NetworkInfections Program NetworkPopulation-based surveillancePandemic of influenzaAdult age groupsUS Census Bureau dataMean rateH1N1 infectionHospitalization DueHospitalization ratesIncidence rateInfluenza pandemicAge groupsHospitalizationInfluenzaMonthsCensus Bureau dataSurveillanceAdultsEpisodesChildrenReduced Influenza Antiviral Treatment Among Children and Adults Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Infection in the Year After the 2009 Pandemic
Garg S, Chaves SS, Pérez A, D'Mello T, Gershman K, Meek J, Yousey-Hindes K, Arnold KE, Farley MM, Tengelsen L, Ryan P, Sharangpani R, Lynfield R, Morin C, Baumbach J, Hancock EB, Zansky S, Bennett NM, Fowler B, Bradley K, Thomas A, Cooper T, Schaffner W, Boulton R, Finelli L, Fry AM. Reduced Influenza Antiviral Treatment Among Children and Adults Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Infection in the Year After the 2009 Pandemic. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2012, 55: e18-e21. PMID: 22543024, DOI: 10.1093/cid/cis442.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInfluenza-associated Hospitalizations by Industry, 2009–10 Influenza Season, United States - Volume 18, Number 4—April 2012 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Luckhaupt SE, Sweeney MH, Funk R, Calvert GM, Nowell M, D'Mello T, Reingold A, Meek J, Yousey-Hindes K, Arnold KE, Ryan P, Lynfield R, Morin C, Baumbach J, Zansky S, Bennett NM, Thomas A, Schaffner W, Jones T. Influenza-associated Hospitalizations by Industry, 2009–10 Influenza Season, United States - Volume 18, Number 4—April 2012 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2012, 18: 556-562. PMID: 22469504, PMCID: PMC3309704, DOI: 10.3201/eid1804.110337.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2011
Description of Antiviral Treatment Among Adults Hospitalized With Influenza Before and During the 2009 Pandemic: United States, 2005–2009
Doshi S, Kamimoto L, Finelli L, Perez A, Reingold A, Gershman K, Yousey-Hindes K, Arnold K, Ryan P, Lynfield R, Morin C, Baumbach J, Hancock EB, Bennett NM, Zansky S, Thomas A, Schaffner W, Fry AM. Description of Antiviral Treatment Among Adults Hospitalized With Influenza Before and During the 2009 Pandemic: United States, 2005–2009. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2011, 204: 1848-1856. PMID: 22013219, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir648.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAmantadineAntiviral AgentsDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleGuideline AdherenceHospitalizationHumansInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioOseltamivirPandemicsPractice Guidelines as TopicPractice Patterns, Physicians'PregnancyPregnancy Complications, InfectiousRimantadineUnited StatesYoung AdultZanamivirConceptsAntiviral treatmentPregnant womenHospitalized adultsActive population-based surveillanceEmerging Infections ProgramLaboratory-confirmed influenzaMedical record reviewPopulation-based surveillanceAntiviral recommendationsAntiviral useRecord reviewIllness onsetInfections ProgramInfluenza pandemicAntiviral agentsInfluenzaNegative predictorAdultsTreatmentWomenPandemicPatientsPregnancyCliniciansPersons