2021
Genetic Evidence for a Potential Environmental Pathway to Spillover Infection of Rat-Borne Leptospirosis
Casanovas-Massana A, de Oliveira D, Schneider AG, Begon M, Childs JE, Costa F, Reis MG, Ko AI, Wunder EA. Genetic Evidence for a Potential Environmental Pathway to Spillover Infection of Rat-Borne Leptospirosis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2021, 225: 130-134. PMID: 34139761, PMCID: PMC8730487, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab323.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPotential environmental pathwaysEnvironmental reservoirsSpillover infectionsEnvironmental pathwaysHuman leptospirosis casesSevere leptospirosisLeptospirosis infectionLeptospirosis casesMolecular epidemiologyGenetic evidencePathogenic LeptospiraLeptospira interrogansInfectionLeptospirosisUrban slumsSpillover pathwaysRat specimensReservoirPathwayUrban communitiesCommunityEpidemiology
2020
Effects of Accounting for Interval-Censored Antibody Titer Decay on Seroincidence in a Longitudinal Cohort Study of Leptospirosis
Bonner K, Cruz JS, Sacramento GA, de Oliveira D, Nery N, Carvalho M, Costa F, Childs JE, Ko AI, Diggle PJ. Effects of Accounting for Interval-Censored Antibody Titer Decay on Seroincidence in a Longitudinal Cohort Study of Leptospirosis. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2020, 190: 893-899. PMID: 33274738, PMCID: PMC8096484, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa253.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLongitudinal cohort studyCohort studyMicroscopic agglutination test titersAgglutination test titersHigh transmission settingsPoint-source exposureSeroincidence ratesEstimates of infectionRisk factorsTest titersReported casesEpidemiologic implicationsInfection rateMean infection rateSerological samplesSerological assaysLeptospirosis casesInfectionArboviral diseasesTiter dilutionsSeroincidenceSource exposureLeptospirosisSample size estimationInterval
2019
Coinfection modifies carriage of enzootic and zoonotic parasites in Norway rats from an urban slum
Carvalho‐Pereira T, Souza F, do Nascimento Santos L, Pedra G, Minter A, Bahiense T, Reis M, Ko A, Childs J, da Silva E, Costa F, Begon M. Coinfection modifies carriage of enzootic and zoonotic parasites in Norway rats from an urban slum. Ecosphere 2019, 10 DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2887.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUrban slumsLoad of parasitesZoonotic parasitesUrban ratsStrongyloides spBrazilian urban slumsIntensity of infectionReduced prevalenceNippostrongylus brasiliensisCoinfectionSignificant associationInfection riskRatsNematode Angiostrongylus cantonensisAngiostrongylus cantonensisInfectionNorway ratsEggs/larvaeCantonensisZoonotic pathogensCorrelation testInterrogansParasitesPopulationA Case Study of Two Rodent-Borne Viruses: Not Always the Same Old Suspects
Childs J, Klein S, Glass G. A Case Study of Two Rodent-Borne Viruses: Not Always the Same Old Suspects. Frontiers In Ecology And Evolution 2019, 7: 35. DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00035.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLCMV infectionRodent-Borne VirusesSolid organ recipientsPrevalence of infectionHuman diseasesWild rodent reservoirsSevere congenital diseaseSporadic sheddingAcute human diseaseOrgan recipientsChronic infectionWild rodent hostsRodent hostsSeoul virusFatal diseaseSEOVCongenital diseaseGolden hamstersInfectionPet rodentsLaboratory workersDiseaseMiceGenus HantavirusHundreds of cases
2005
Human Monocytotropic Ehrlichiosis
Dawson J, Ewing S, Davidson W, Childs J, Little S, Standaert S. Human Monocytotropic Ehrlichiosis. 2005, 239-257. DOI: 10.1128/9781555816490.ch14.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHuman monocytotropic ehrlichiosisMonocytotropic ehrlichiosisMild self-limiting symptomsSelf-limiting symptomsNonspecific febrile illnessSpectrum of manifestationsSeasonality of transmissionTick-borne zoonosisFebrile illnessAsymptomatic infectionClinical recognitionHigh riskRickettsial infectionEpidemiological studiesEtiologic agentFatal diseaseLaboratory diagnosisZoonotic diseaseEhrlichia chaffeensisLone star tickE. chaffeensisInfectionDiseaseEhrlichiosisUnited States
2003
4 Epidemiology
Childs J. 4 Epidemiology. 2003, 113-162. DOI: 10.1016/b978-012379077-4/50006-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRabies virusAnimal reservoirsSubsequent human infectionSource of virusHuman rabiesInfectious disease epidemiologyHerd immunityEpidemiology of rabiesHuman infectionsVirus perpetuationInfectious diseasesEpidemiologySusceptible animalsVirus transmissionVirusViral progenyDisease epidemiologySusceptible hostsLyssavirus genusInfectionVirus maintenanceRabiesAnimalsHumansAnimal species
2002
Public Health Surveillance and the Molecular Epidemiology of Rabies
Childs J, Krebs J, Smith J. Public Health Surveillance and the Molecular Epidemiology of Rabies. 2002, 273-312. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1157-1_12.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRabies virusHuman rabies infectionsPublic health surveillancePublic health consequencesRabies infectionHealth surveillanceMolecular epidemiologyHealth consequencesMore dogsImportant reservoir hostsZoonotic diseaseDogsIndirect human influencesRabiesVirus maintenanceReservoir hostsBiologic processesHistorical importanceHuman deathsCompanion animalsCurrent geographical distributionHuman influencePrime exampleEpidemiologyInfection
2001
Persistent infection in Neotoma fuscipes (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with Ehrlichia phagocytophila sensu lato.
Castro M, Nicholson W, Kramer V, Childs J. Persistent infection in Neotoma fuscipes (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with Ehrlichia phagocytophila sensu lato. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2001, 65: 261-7. PMID: 11693866, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.261.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialArachnid VectorsBase SequenceBorrelia burgdorferiCaliforniaDisease ReservoirsDNA, BacterialEhrlichiaEhrlichiosisFemaleFluorescent Antibody Technique, IndirectHeat-Shock ProteinsHumansIxodesMaleMicePolymerase Chain ReactionRatsRodent DiseasesSeasonsSeroepidemiologic StudiesSigmodontinaeZoonosesConceptsPolymerase chain reaction testingGroESL heat shock operonPersistent infectionReaction testingRatsE. phagocytophilaLyme diseaseBorrelia burgdorferiMiceSeropositive animalsDusky-footed wood ratsPCRWood ratsSeroreversionSensu latoSeroconversionSeropositiveBiopsySerologySeroreactivityInfectionDiseaseBloodAdult Ixodes pacificus CooleySerumInfections with Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii in Persons Coinfected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Paddock C, Folk S, Shore G, Machado L, Huycke M, Slater L, Liddell A, Buller R, Storch G, Monson T, Rimland D, Sumner J, Singleton J, Bloch K, Tang Y, Standaert S, Childs J. Infections with Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii in Persons Coinfected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2001, 33: 1586-1594. PMID: 11568857, DOI: 10.1086/323981.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusImmunodeficiency virusE. ewingiiE. chaffeensisCases of ehrlichiosisDiagnosis of ehrlichiosisT-lymphocyte countsCells/microL.Ehrlichia ewingiiEhrlichia chaffeensisLife-threatening illnessLymphocyte countClinical courseHIV infectionMedical managementPatient cohortSevere manifestationsPatientsLaboratory evaluationEhrlichiosisChaffeensisInfectionEwingiiMultiple factorsVirusProspective Assessment of the Etiology of Acute Febrile Illness after a Tick Bite in Slovenia
Lotrič-Furlan S, Petrovec M, Avsic-Zupanc T, Nicholson W, Sumner J, Childs J, Strle F. Prospective Assessment of the Etiology of Acute Febrile Illness after a Tick Bite in Slovenia. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2001, 33: 503-510. PMID: 11462187, DOI: 10.1086/322586.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnimalsBites and StingsBorrelia burgdorferi GroupCohort StudiesEhrlichiaEhrlichia chaffeensisEhrlichiosisEncephalitis Viruses, Tick-BorneEncephalitis, Tick-BorneFemaleFeverHumansLyme DiseaseMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesSloveniaTick-Borne DiseasesTicksConceptsFebrile illnessTick biteEhrlichia phagocytophila infectionAcute febrile illnessTickborne diseasesEvidence of infectionBorrelia burgdorferi sensu latoMeningeal involvementProspective studyClinical criteriaBurgdorferi sensu latoTickborne encephalitisProspective assessmentPatientsLaboratory evidenceImportant causeBacterial infectionsIllnessLyme borreliosisInfectionDiseaseResidents of SloveniaEtiologyBiteEncephalitisSerologic evidence of Rickettsia akari infection among dogs in a metropolitan city.
Comer J, Vargas M, Poshni I, Childs J. Serologic evidence of Rickettsia akari infection among dogs in a metropolitan city. Journal Of The American Veterinary Medical Association 2001, 218: 1780-2. PMID: 11394829, DOI: 10.2460/javma.2001.218.1780.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIndirect immunofluorescence antibodyEnzyme immunoassaySerum samplesPossible risk factorsFever group rickettsiaeClinical illnessRoutine careSerologic evidenceSeropositive dogsRisk factorsTime serum samplesIFA testingClinical relevanceImmunofluorescence antibodySerologic surveyRickettsia akariInfectionGroup rickettsiaeDogsTitersCausative agentVeterinary clinicsFurther studiesDog ownersTick infestationFort Chaffee Revisited: The Epidemiology of Tick-Borne Rickettsial and Ehrlichial Diseases at a Natural Focus
McCall C, Curns A, Rotz L, Singleton J, Treadwell T, Comer J, Nicholson W, Olson J, Childs J. Fort Chaffee Revisited: The Epidemiology of Tick-Borne Rickettsial and Ehrlichial Diseases at a Natural Focus. Vector-Borne And Zoonotic Diseases 2001, 1: 119-127. PMID: 12653142, DOI: 10.1089/153036601316977723.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTick-borne pathogensSerum samplesRetrospective cohort studyDetectable antibody titersPrimary risk factorRisk of transmissionFort ChaffeeFever group rickettsiaeCompatible illnessReactive EIAsTick-borne diseaseCohort studyDoxycycline useAntibody titersRisk factorsTick biteEhrlichial diseasesGroup rickettsiaeDiseaseMore pathogensProbable diseaseSeropositivityIllnessEhrlichia speciesInfection
2000
DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES REACTIVE WITH EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS IN THE RACCOON
Comer J, Nicholson W, Paddock C, Sumner J, Childs J. DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES REACTIVE WITH EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS IN THE RACCOON. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 2000, 36: 705-712. PMID: 11085432, DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-36.4.705.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSurvival of Ehrlichia chaffeensis in refrigerated, ADSOL‐treated RBCs
McKechnie D, Slater K, Childs J, Massung R, Paddock C. Survival of Ehrlichia chaffeensis in refrigerated, ADSOL‐treated RBCs. Transfusion 2000, 40: 1041-1047. PMID: 10988303, DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2000.40091041.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsE. chaffeensisNucleated cellsTransfusion-acquired infectionEhrlichia chaffeensisMonocytic cell line THP-1Cell line THP-1Infected cell linesCytocentrifuged slidesTransfusion transmissionPacked RBC unitsPCR positivityE. chaffeensis DNASupernatant fractionCell culturesWeekly examinationsRBC unitsStudy designRBC productsTHP-1DH82 cellsPCR resultsCell linesChaffeensisInfectionSuccessful reisolationPrimary Isolation of Ehrlichia chaffeensis from Patients with Febrile Illnesses: Clinical and Molecular Characteristics
Standaert S, Yu T, Scott M, Childs J, Paddock C, Nicholson W, Singleton J, Blaser M. Primary Isolation of Ehrlichia chaffeensis from Patients with Febrile Illnesses: Clinical and Molecular Characteristics. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2000, 181: 1082-1088. PMID: 10720534, DOI: 10.1086/315346.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolymerase chain reactionE. chaffeensisCerebrospinal fluid specimensCultures of bloodHigh diagnostic yieldEhrlichia chaffeensisPrimary isolationFebrile illnessDiagnostic titerBlood isolatesDiagnostic yieldTick exposureSame patientCerebrospinal fluidPatientsFluid specimensDiagnostic testsFrequent isolationBloodChain reactionChaffeensisInfectionMolecular characteristicsMolecular analysisIsolates
1999
An investigation into the possibility of transmission of tick‐borne pathogens via blood transfusion
Arguin P, Singleton J, Rotz L, Marston E, Treadwell T, Slater K, Chamberland M, Schwartz A, Tengelsen L, Olson J, Childs J, Force T. An investigation into the possibility of transmission of tick‐borne pathogens via blood transfusion. Transfusion 1999, 39: 828-833. PMID: 10504117, DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1999.39080828.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNational Guard personnelTick-borne pathogensOnset of symptomsPossibility of transmissionBlood transfusionProbable infectionRisk factorsMultistate investigationBlood samplesProbable casesNational Guard membersStudy designBlood componentsTick-borne diseasesIllnessRecipientsSymptomsInfectionBlood drivesGuard membersBloodVoluntary recallTransfusionFeverPathogensFamily Cluster of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Jones T, Craig A, Paddock C, McKechnie D, Childs J, Zaki S, Schaffner W. Family Cluster of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Clinical Infectious Diseases 1999, 28: 853-859. PMID: 10825050, DOI: 10.1086/515213.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLongitudinal study of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi in a population of Peromyscus leucopus at a Lyme disease-enzootic site in Maryland.
Hofmeister E, Ellis B, Glass G, Childs J. Longitudinal study of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi in a population of Peromyscus leucopus at a Lyme disease-enzootic site in Maryland. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 1999, 60: 598-609. PMID: 10348235, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.598.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolymerase chain reactionB. burgdorferiJuvenile miceCross-sectional sampleEar tissueBorrelia burgdorferi infectionIxodes scapularis ticksInfected miceSusceptible miceChronic infectionOverall prevalenceIncidence rateBurgdorferi infectionHigh riskLower riskInfectionMiceInfected ticksLongitudinal sampleBorrelia burgdorferiScapularis ticksChain reactionBurgdorferiLongitudinal studyIndirect transmissionLong-Term Studies of Hantavirus Reservoir Populations in the Southwestern United States: A Synthesis - Volume 5, Number 1—February 1999 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Mills J, Ksiazek T, Peters C, Childs J. Long-Term Studies of Hantavirus Reservoir Populations in the Southwestern United States: A Synthesis - Volume 5, Number 1—February 1999 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 1999, 5: 135-142. PMID: 10081681, PMCID: PMC2627702, DOI: 10.3201/eid0501.990116.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfectious Diseases journal - CDCAdult male rodentsPrevalence of infectionPattern of infectionHigh prevalencePersistent infectionOld miceHantavirus infectionMale rodentsHantavirus antibodiesInfectionMeasurable associationHantavirus transmissionPrevalenceHantavirus reservoir populationsVirus transmissionTerm studiesHorizontal transmissionInfection dynamicsUnited StatesRodentsReservoir populationsPopulationAssociationImportant differencesLong-Term Studies of Hantavirus Reservoir Populations in the Southwestern United States: Rationale, Potential, and Methods - Volume 5, Number 1—February 1999 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Mills J, Yates T, Ksiazek T, Peters C, Childs J. Long-Term Studies of Hantavirus Reservoir Populations in the Southwestern United States: Rationale, Potential, and Methods - Volume 5, Number 1—February 1999 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 1999, 5: 95-101. PMID: 10081676, PMCID: PMC2627686, DOI: 10.3201/eid0501.990111.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHantavirus pulmonary syndromeInfectious Diseases journal - CDCIncidence of infectionHuman hantavirus diseasePulmonary syndromeHantavirus diseaseHantavirus infectionHemorrhagic feverRenal syndromeDisease controlLong-term studiesHantavirus reservoir populationsZoonotic agentsPrevention measuresSyndromeTerm studiesUnited StatesInfectionDiseaseHPS outbreaksPreventionHuman riskRodent hostsHuman diseasesReservoir populations