2005
Haplotype analysis of the SDF-1 (CXCL12) gene in a longitudinal HIV-1/AIDS cohort study
Modi W, Scott K, Goedert J, Vlahov D, Buchbinder S, Detels R, Donfield S, O'Brien S, Winkler C. Haplotype analysis of the SDF-1 (CXCL12) gene in a longitudinal HIV-1/AIDS cohort study. Genes & Immunity 2005, 6: 691-698. PMID: 16177829, DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364258.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdolescentAdultAllelesBlack or African AmericanChemokine CXCL12Chemokines, CXCChildCohort StudiesDisease ProgressionFemaleGene FrequencyHaplotypesHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleOdds RatioPolymorphism, Single NucleotideRisk FactorsSurvival AnalysisUnited StatesWhite PeopleConceptsSDF-1 geneCohort studySingle nucleotide polymorphismsAfrican AmericansOnly natural ligandSingle disease outcomesX4 HIV-1HIV-1 infectionAIDS Cohort StudyRisk of infectionMACS cohortDisease outcomeHIV-1Epidemiological studiesSDF-1Significant associationChemokine genesInfectionRs1801157Natural ligandProgressionHaplotype analysisCommon haplotypeCXCR4Cohort
2002
Regional variation in CCR5-Δ32 gene distribution among women from the US HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS)
Downer M, Hodge T, Smith D, Qari S, Schuman P, Mayer K, Klein R, Vlahov D, Gardner L, McNicholl J. Regional variation in CCR5-Δ32 gene distribution among women from the US HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS). Genes & Immunity 2002, 3: 295-298. PMID: 12140749, DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6363884.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV Epidemiology Research StudyRace/ethnicityHIV-1HIV Epidemiologic Research StudyAfrican AmericansCCR5-Δ32 genotypeHIV-1 transmissionEpidemiologic research studiesHost genetic factorsHispanic/LatinaBlack/African AmericanUninfected womenAA womenUS womenCCR5-Δ32US populationWhite womenFrequency of heterozygotesWomenGenetic factorsDistributions of heterozygotesRegional variationResearch studies
2001
Effect of a Single Amino Acid Change in MHC Class I Molecules on the Rate of Progression to AIDS
Gao X, Nelson G, Karacki P, Martin M, Phair J, Kaslow R, Goedert J, Buchbinder S, Hoots K, Vlahov D, O'Brien S, Carrington M. Effect of a Single Amino Acid Change in MHC Class I Molecules on the Rate of Progression to AIDS. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 344: 1668-1675. PMID: 11386265, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200105313442203.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRate of progressionHIV-1 infectionClass IHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionDifferent peptide-binding specificitiesVirus type 1 infectionRisk of progressionT lymphocyte responsesInfluence of HLAType 1 infectionHIV-1 epitopesSubtypes of HLAHLA class IPeptide-binding specificityMHC class I moleculesAmino acid changesComplex class ISingle amino acid changeClass I moleculesReactive HLAImmunodeficiency syndromeRelated HLAPx groupCommon HLAHIV-1
1999
The Effect of Drug-Injection Behavior on Genetic Evolution of HIV-1
Carneiro M, Yu X, Lyles C, Templeton A, Weisstein A, Safaeian M, Farzadegan H, Vlahov D, Markham R. The Effect of Drug-Injection Behavior on Genetic Evolution of HIV-1. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1999, 180: 1025-1032. PMID: 10479127, DOI: 10.1086/315044.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCell-associated infectious HIV-1 viral load as a predictor of clinical progression and survival among HIV-1 infected injection drug users and homosexual men
Lyles C, Graham N, Astemborski J, Vlahov D, Margolick J, Saah A, Farzadegan H. Cell-associated infectious HIV-1 viral load as a predictor of clinical progression and survival among HIV-1 infected injection drug users and homosexual men. European Journal Of Epidemiology 1999, 15: 99-108. PMID: 10204638, DOI: 10.1023/a:1007556327269.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsBacterial InfectionsCause of DeathCD4 Lymphocyte CountCohort StudiesConfidence IntervalsDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHIV InfectionsHIV-1Homosexuality, MaleHumansImmunocompromised HostLeukocytes, MononuclearMalePredictive Value of TestsProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSurvival AnalysisSurvival RateViral LoadViremiaConceptsHIV-1 viral loadViral loadHomosexual menRisk groupsHIV-1Relative hazardDrug usersPeripheral blood mononuclear cellsMicroculture techniqueBlood mononuclear cellsInjection drug usersHIV-1 progressionInitial CD4Clinical progressionMononuclear cellsNegative culturesPredictive valueSurvival analysisBacterial infectionsTotal participantsAIDSProgressionInfectious unitsCells/Death
1998
Sex differences in HIV-1 viral load and progression to AIDS
Farzadegan H, Hoover D, Astemborski J, Lyles C, Margolick J, Markham R, Quinn T, Vlahov D. Sex differences in HIV-1 viral load and progression to AIDS. The Lancet 1998, 352: 1510-1514. PMID: 9820299, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(98)02372-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersCD4 cell countProportional hazards modelBranched-chain DNAViral loadQuantitative microcultureReverse transcriptase-PCRPlasma HIV-1 RNA measurementsCell countHIV-1 RNA measurementsUnivariate proportional hazard modelHIV-1 viral loadSame viral loadViral load associationsVisit 3 yearsHIV-1 loadViral load measurementsAntiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral treatmentBaseline visitCommunity clinicsObservational studyHIV-1Current recommendationsHigh riskDiversification of Subtype E Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 env in Heterosexual Seroconverters from Northern Thailand
Wang Z, Lyles C, Beyrer C, Celentano D, Vlahov D, Natpratan C, Markham R, Khamboonruang C, Nelson K, Yu X. Diversification of Subtype E Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 env in Heterosexual Seroconverters from Northern Thailand. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1998, 178: 1507-1511. PMID: 9780276, DOI: 10.1086/314441.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionAsymptomatic HIV-1-infected subjectsHIV-1 subtype EHIV-1-infected subjectsHuman Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 EnvSubtype E HIVC2-V3 regionHuman immunodeficiency virusHIV vaccine developmentInjection drug usersE HIVRecent seroconvertersImmunodeficiency virusSubtype ESeroconvertersHIV-1Drug usersVaccine developmentMolecular epidemiologyEnv sequencesInfectionEnvNorthern ThailandHIVBaltimoreOpiates as potential cofactors in progression of HIV-1 infections to AIDS
Donahoe R, Vlahov D. Opiates as potential cofactors in progression of HIV-1 infections to AIDS. Journal Of Neuroimmunology 1998, 83: 77-87. PMID: 9610676, DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(97)00224-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionEffects of opiatesOpiate useAIDS progressionEpidemiological studiesImmune processesCD4 T-cell countT-cell countsHIV-1 expressionHost protective responsesAssociation of AIDSOpiate exposureOpportunistic infectionsAIDS pathogenesisHIV-1Monkey modelOpiate abuseEpidemiological dataInfectious processClinical observationsProtective responseOpiatesInfectionAIDSDrug abuseGenetic Restriction of AIDS Pathogenesis by an SDF-1 Chemokine Gene Variant
Winkler C, Modi W, Smith M, Nelson G, Wu X, Carrington M, Dean M, Honjo T, Tashiro K, Yabe D, Buchbinder S, Vittinghoff E, Goedert J, O'Brien T, Jacobson L, Detels R, Donfield S, Willoughby A, Gomperts E, Vlahov D, Phair J, Study A, Study H, Study M, Study M, Cohort S, O'Brien S. Genetic Restriction of AIDS Pathogenesis by an SDF-1 Chemokine Gene Variant. Science 1998, 279: 389-393. PMID: 9430590, DOI: 10.1126/science.279.5349.389.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultChemokine CXCL12ChemokinesChemokines, CXCCohort StudiesDisease ProgressionGenesGenetic VariationGenotypeHeterozygoteHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansMaleMolecular Sequence DataOdds RatioPolymorphism, GeneticRacial GroupsReceptors, CCR2Receptors, CCR5Receptors, ChemokineReceptors, CXCR4Survival AnalysisT-LymphocytesConceptsSDF1-3'AGenetic restrictionRecessive protective effectOnset of AIDSAIDS Cohort StudyStromal-derived factorCohort studyImmunodeficiency syndromeAIDS pathogenesisHuman immunodeficiencyHIV-1Protective effectCommon polymorphismsReceptor variantsGene variantsPrincipal ligandAIDSHomozygous stateGenetic association analysisOnsetCD4CCR5PatientsGene transcriptsImmunodeficiency
1996
Dietary intake of community-based HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative injecting drug users
Smit E, Graham N, Tang A, Flynn C, Solomon L, Vlahov D. Dietary intake of community-based HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative injecting drug users. Nutrition 1996, 12: 496-501. PMID: 8878141, DOI: 10.1016/s0899-9007(96)91726-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFood frequency questionnaireHIV-1 seropositivesDietary intakeDrug usersTotal fat consumptionFood frequency methodInjecting Drug UsersFood group analysisTotal caloric intakeFrequency questionnaireMedian intakeCaloric intakeFat consumptionLow intakeTotal caloriesHigh intakeHIV-1Dietary habitsVitamin EVitamin ANutritional statusSeropositivesIntakeDaily allowanceSpearman correlationDetection of HIV-1 DNA in needle/syringes, paraphernalia, and washes from shooting galleries in Miami: a preliminary laboratory report.
Shah S, Shapshak P, Rivers J, Stewart R, Weatherby N, Xin K, Page J, Chitwood D, Mash D, Vlahov D, McCoy C. Detection of HIV-1 DNA in needle/syringes, paraphernalia, and washes from shooting galleries in Miami: a preliminary laboratory report. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1996, 11: 301-6. PMID: 8603266, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199603010-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeedles/syringesHIV-1 DNAInjection drug usersHIV-1 proteinsHIV-1Polymerase chain reactionClean needlesHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1Immunodeficiency virus type 1Act of injectionVirus type 1Injection paraphernaliaPreliminary laboratory reportDrug usersShooting galleriesType 1Western blotReduction of riskEnvelope geneChain reactionGene DNAAntibodiesSyringesLaboratory reportsModification of behaviorIncidence and risk factors for HIV-1 infection—a summary of what is known and the psychiatric relevance
Hoover D, Doherty M, Vlahov D, Miotti P. Incidence and risk factors for HIV-1 infection—a summary of what is known and the psychiatric relevance. International Review Of Psychiatry 1996, 8: 137-148. DOI: 10.3109/09540269609046298.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInjection drug useHIV-1 transmissionInfected mothersHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemicDrug useSexual HIV-1 transmissionGreatest killerHIV-1 diseaseRisky drug useHIV-1 infectionType 1 epidemicHIV-1 epidemicRisk of infectionRisk of transmissionUse of condomsZidovudine therapyInfected partnerBreast feedingRisk factorsRisk groupsClean needlesHIV-1AIDS casesInfected personsHomosexual men
1995
Recent Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Possible Rapid Loss of CD4 T Lymphocytes.
Holmberg S, Conley L, Luby S, Cohn S, Wong L, Vlahov D. Recent Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Possible Rapid Loss of CD4 T Lymphocytes. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1995, 9: 291. PMID: 7788428, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199507000-00011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusCD4 T lymphocytesObservational cohort studyT lymphocytesCell countHIV seroconversionCohort studyHIV infectionImmunodeficiency virusOngoing observational cohort studyEarlier calendar yearsMore rapid declineLow CD4Mean CD4Recent infectionHIV-1CD4Drug usersBisexual menInfectionSeroconversionCalendar yearLymphocytesRapid lossFirst year
1993
Elevated serum levels of neopterin but not β2-microglobulin in HIV-1-seronegative injecting drug users
Strickler H, Blanchard J, Vlahov D, Taylor E, Muñoz A, Nelson K, Margolick J. Elevated serum levels of neopterin but not β2-microglobulin in HIV-1-seronegative injecting drug users. AIDS 1993, 7: 361-368. PMID: 8471199, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199303000-00009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug useNeopterin levelsSerum levelsDrug usersSerum beta 2MBeta 2M levelsSerum beta 2M levelsMean neopterin levelsSerum neopterin levelsElevated serum levelsHIV-1 infectionCellular immune activationBeta 2MRisk factor variablesIntravenous Experience (ALIVE) studyM levelsMale IDUsSerum neopterinImmune activationProspective studyImmunocompetent cellsHIV-1Β2-microglobulinConsecutive daysNeopterin
1992
T-Lymphocyte Subsets in Intravenous Drug Users With HIV-1 Infection-Reply
Margolick J, Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Solomon L, Astemborski J, Cohn S, Nelson K. T-Lymphocyte Subsets in Intravenous Drug Users With HIV-1 Infection-Reply. JAMA 1992, 268: 2517-2517. DOI: 10.1001/jama.1992.03490180047020.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1991
Antibody to Hepatitis C Virus among Cardiac Surgery Patients, Homosexual Men, and Intravenous Drug Users in Baltimore, Maryland
Donahue J, Nelson K, Mufioz A, Vlahov D, Rennie L, Taylor E, Saah A, Cohn S, Odaka N, Farzadegan H. Antibody to Hepatitis C Virus among Cardiac Surgery Patients, Homosexual Men, and Intravenous Drug Users in Baltimore, Maryland. American Journal Of Epidemiology 1991, 134: 1206-1211. PMID: 1720924, DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virusIntravenous drug useIntravenous drug usersC virusHepatitis CDrug usersDrug useHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHepatitis C seropositiveHepatitis C seropositivityHIV-1 statusCardiac surgery patientsImmunodeficiency virus infectionIncidence of antibodiesMulti-transfused patientsSexual behavior variablesC seropositivitySurgery patientsCardiac surgeryHepatitis AProspective studyRisk factorsBlood exposureVirus infectionHIV-1Hiv Knowledge and Attitudes among Intravenous Drug Users: Comparisons to the U.S. Population and by Drug Use Behaviors
Celentano D, Vlahov D, Menon A, Polk B. Hiv Knowledge and Attitudes among Intravenous Drug Users: Comparisons to the U.S. Population and by Drug Use Behaviors. Journal Of Drug Issues 1991, 21: 635-649. DOI: 10.1177/002204269102100311.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHIV-1 infectionIntravenous drug usersHIV-1Drug use behaviorsAIDS knowledgeDrug usersHigh riskHIV-1 antibody statusU.S. populationHIV-1 epidemicHistory of treatmentRoutes of transmissionMethods of preventionGeneral AIDS knowledgeAntibody statusProspective studyHIV knowledgeDrug treatmentLower riskTreatment opportunitiesKnowledge of AIDSRisk behaviorsNatural historyBaseline surveyInfectionPrevalence of Antibody to HIV-1 Among Entrants to US Correctional Facilities
Vlahov D, Brewer T, Castro K, Narkunas J, Salive M, Ullrich J, Muñoz A. Prevalence of Antibody to HIV-1 Among Entrants to US Correctional Facilities. JAMA 1991, 265: 1129-1132. PMID: 1995998, DOI: 10.1001/jama.1991.03460090077036.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrevalence of antibodiesHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1Immunodeficiency virus type 1HIV-1 prevalenceHIV-1 seroprevalenceAge 25 yearsVirus type 1US correctional facilitiesConsecutive malesHIV-1Older womenOlder menPrevention programsType 1Young womenPrevalenceWomenCorrectional systemYoung menMenSeroprevalenceAntibodiesProgram planningCorrectional facilities
1990
The risk of transmission of HIV-1 through non-percutaneous, non-sexual modes—a review
Gershon R, Vlahov D, Nelson K. The risk of transmission of HIV-1 through non-percutaneous, non-sexual modes—a review. AIDS 1990, 4: 645-650. PMID: 2204358, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199007000-00006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAntibody to Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I/II (HTLV-I/II) Among Male Inmates Entering Maryland Prisons
Vlahov D, Lee H, Taylor E, Canavaggio M, Canner C, Burczak J, Saah A. Antibody to Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I/II (HTLV-I/II) Among Male Inmates Entering Maryland Prisons. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1990, 3: 531-535. DOI: 10.1097/00126334-199003050-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHuman T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I/IIExact testIncoming male inmatesHIV-1 serostatusIntravenous drug usersPrevalence of HTLVFisher's exact testYears of ageSame calendar periodWestern blot techniqueType I/IIEpidemiological serosurveyMale inmatesScope of infectionRisk groupsCalendar periodHIV-1Drug usersHTLVMaryland prisonsBlot techniqueRoutine operational proceduresAntibodiesYear of entrySerostatus