2025
Incidence of Frailty, Dementia, and Disability Among Community‐Living Older Americans According to County‐Level Disadvantage
Wang Y, Zang E, Davis‐Plourde K, Vander Wyk B, Gill T, Becher R. Incidence of Frailty, Dementia, and Disability Among Community‐Living Older Americans According to County‐Level Disadvantage. Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society 2025, 73: 1847-1856. PMID: 40196885, PMCID: PMC12213133, DOI: 10.1111/jgs.19465.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNational Health and Aging Trends StudyActivities of daily living disabilityActivities of daily livingIncidence of frailtySocial determinants of healthOlder personsOlder AmericansContextual disadvantageAge- and sex-adjusted HRDisadvantaged countiesDeterminants of healthSex-adjusted HRNationally representative longitudinal studyRepresentative longitudinal studyCommunity-livingDaily livingClinically Meaningful OutcomesTrends StudyGeriatric conditionsNo prior studiesNational incidenceIncidence rateDementiaFrailtyCounty-levelHealth System, Community-Based, or Usual Dementia Care for Persons With Dementia and Caregivers
Reuben D, Gill T, Stevens A, Williamson J, Volpi E, Lichtenstein M, Jennings L, Galloway R, Summapund J, Araujo K, Bass D, Weitzman L, Tan Z, Evertson L, Yang M, Currie K, Green A, Godoy S, Abraham S, Reese J, Samper-Ternent R, Hirst R, Borek P, Charpentier P, Meng C, Dziura J, Xu Y, Skokos E, He Z, Aiudi S, Peduzzi P, Greene E, Serrano K, Unger E, Arruda L, Bautista L, Callahan C, Maslow K, Ling S, Bonner A, Pace D, Cherry D, Kremer I, Nicholson B, Stephens C, Hendler R, Carnie M, Shelton A, Mignosa B, Funaro B, Eisenmann K, Lu C, Chattopadhyay S, Rhoades D, Lakomski A, Maher D, McCurry D, Williamson S, Moyer S, Robertson L, Tilles A, Battle L, Walker W, Levine S, Knight G, Eaton A, Rose T, Weston E, Orr B, Lang S, Rinaldi S, Shore J, Garboczi L, Phoenix K, Mitchell M, Levan L, Layza M, Musgrave D, Silverman J, Martin A, Nienstedt J, Handoo R, Woolard N, Burcombe D, Hutchens C, Sanghi S, Ocloo A, Essiet S, Shah M, Bartosh H, Banda J, Birchfield T, Roznos T, Collins B, Parker D, Matlock M, Drew L, Jones T, Hill B, Walker J, Wills J, Andrews M, Kroloff S, Brown G, Franz C, Perez G, Castillo E, Flores C, Raji M, Martinez E, Skinkis P, Williams A, Minello S, Sherrod J, Odejimi A, Lockhart M, McDonald A, Gibson D, Tobias N, Spetter K, Finney G, Ladd I, Weaver K, Nicoletto P, Smith D, DeLucca R, Delmar N, Dopko J, Patel M, Berry P, Zimmerman K, Fasciana J, Hendricks L, Freedman K, Gudonis S, Drutarovsky H, Gurzynski A, Shillabeer M, Shipsky K, Cannon C, Rahm A, Sharf L, Kearney K, Liu J, Keeler E, Ruder T. Health System, Community-Based, or Usual Dementia Care for Persons With Dementia and Caregivers. JAMA 2025, 333: 950-961. PMID: 39878968, PMCID: PMC11780506, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2024.25056.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCommunity-based careModified Caregiver Strain IndexHealth system-basedCaregiver Strain IndexCaregiver self-efficacyUsual careDementia careHealth systemCommunity-BasedNPI-QPrimary outcomeApproaches to dementia careCommunity-based dementia careCommunity-based care interventionsSelf-EfficacyDementia care programDementia care specialistsSecondary outcomesStrain indexSystem-based careCommunity-dwelling personsNeuropsychiatric Inventory QuestionnairePatient behavioral symptomsNPI-Q scoresCaregiver outcomesAbsence of care among community-dwelling older adults with dementia and functional limitations
Lin Z, Qian Y, Gill T, Hou X, Allore H, Chen S, Chen X. Absence of care among community-dwelling older adults with dementia and functional limitations. Nature Aging 2025, 5: 548-557. PMID: 40097773, PMCID: PMC12003173, DOI: 10.1038/s43587-025-00836-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsActivities of daily livingFormal careDaily livingFunctional limitationsInstrumental activitiesInstrumental activities of daily living limitationsActivities of daily living limitationsInstrumental activities of daily livingLongitudinal survey dataCommunity-dwelling older adultsDaily living limitationsRegional development levelAbsence of careCare availabilityCare gapsSurvey dataCare servicesOlder adultsAdequate careEuropean countriesCareVulnerable populationsDevelopment levelInformation supportDementiaBidirectional relationship between epigenetic age and stroke, dementia, and late-life depression
Rivier C, Szejko N, Renedo D, Clocchiatti-Tuozzo S, Huo S, de Havenon A, Zhao H, Gill T, Sheth K, Falcone G. Bidirectional relationship between epigenetic age and stroke, dementia, and late-life depression. Nature Communications 2025, 16: 1261. PMID: 39893209, PMCID: PMC11787333, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54721-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchThis study shows a bidirectional link between accelerated epigenetic aging and brain health events like stroke, dementia, and depression, supporting new prevention strategies for aging-related conditions.Exposure to School Racial Segregation and Late-Life Cognitive Outcomes
Lin Z, Wang Y, Gill T, Chen X. Exposure to School Racial Segregation and Late-Life Cognitive Outcomes. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e2452713. PMID: 39752159, PMCID: PMC11699536, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.52713.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCross-sectional studyCognitive scoresOlder adultsTelephone Interview for Cognitive StatusBlack participantsLate-life cognitive outcomesWhite participantsSchool racial segregationCognitive impairmentHealth and Retirement StudyNon-Hispanic whitePrevalence of cognitive impairmentAssociated with late-life cognitionEducational attainmentUS older adultsLikelihood of cognitive impairmentNon-Hispanic blacksLate-life cognitionCognitive outcomesNationally Representative SampleLater-life cognitionMultilevel regression analysisStudy of BlackDementia occurrenceHealth inequalities
2024
Life's Essential 8 and Poor Brain Health Outcomes in Middle-Aged Adults
Clocchiatti-Tuozzo S, Rivier C, Renedo D, Huo S, Hawkes M, de Havenon A, Schwamm L, Sheth K, Gill T, Falcone G. Life's Essential 8 and Poor Brain Health Outcomes in Middle-Aged Adults. Neurology 2024, 103: e209990. PMID: 39442069, PMCID: PMC11498939, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209990.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLife's Essential 8Poor cardiovascular healthCardiovascular healthBrain healthLife's Essential 8 scoreUnadjusted riskEssential 8Determinants of cardiovascular healthUK Biobank (UKBCardiovascular health profileModifiable cardiovascular risk factorsBrain health outcomesRisk factorsComposite outcomePublic health constructsPopulation studiesMiddle-aged adultsCox modelLate-life depressionCox proportional hazards modelsBrain health benefitsMultivariate Cox modelCardiovascular risk factorsFollow-up timeAoU participantsNational Estimates of Short- and Longer-Term Hospital Readmissions After Major Surgery Among Community-Living Older Adults
Wang Y, Leo-Summers L, Vander Wyk B, Davis-Plourde K, Gill T, Becher R. National Estimates of Short- and Longer-Term Hospital Readmissions After Major Surgery Among Community-Living Older Adults. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e240028. PMID: 38416499, PMCID: PMC10902728, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.0028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCenters for Medicare & Medicaid ServicesFee-for-serviceMedicare Advantage beneficiariesHospital readmissionUS residentsNational Health and Aging Trends Study dataCommunity-living older adultsProspective longitudinal cohort studyCommunity-living participantsRate of hospital readmissionLikelihood of hospital readmissionPopulation-based estimatesNationally representative estimatesSex-adjusted modelsCommunity-livingData linkageGeriatric conditionsMedicaid ServicesOlder personsOlder adultsMain OutcomesNational estimatesRepresentative estimatesData analysisCohort study
2023
Suboptimal Sleep Duration Is Associated With Poorer Neuroimaging Brain Health Profiles in Middle‐Aged Individuals Without Stroke or Dementia
Clocchiatti‐Tuozzo S, Rivier C, Renedo D, Lopez V, Geer J, Miner B, Yaggi H, de Havenon A, Payabvash S, Sheth K, Gill T, Falcone G. Suboptimal Sleep Duration Is Associated With Poorer Neuroimaging Brain Health Profiles in Middle‐Aged Individuals Without Stroke or Dementia. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2023, 13: e031514. PMID: 38156552, PMCID: PMC10863828, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031514.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSuboptimal sleep durationWhite matter hyperintensitiesMiddle-aged individualsLong sleep durationLarger WMH volumeSleep durationMiddle-aged adultsHealth profileWMH volumeAmerican Heart Association's LifeAsymptomatic middle-aged adultsWMH presenceVolume of WMHOptimal sleepSelf-reported sleep durationModifiable risk factorsWhite matter tractsProspective magnetic resonanceSimple 7Cardiovascular healthRisk factorsShort sleepMatter hyperintensitiesHigh riskEarly interventionAssociation of Poor Oral Health With Neuroimaging Markers of White Matter Injury in Middle-Aged Participants in the UK Biobank.
Rivier C, Renedo D, de Havenon A, Sunmonu N, Gill T, Payabvash S, Sheth K, Falcone G. Association of Poor Oral Health With Neuroimaging Markers of White Matter Injury in Middle-Aged Participants in the UK Biobank. Neurology 2023, 102: e208010. PMID: 38165331, PMCID: PMC10870735, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000208010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPoor oral healthOral healthBrain healthRisk factorsNeuroimaging markerWMH volumeHealth profileMD scoreSelf-reported poor oral healthCross-sectional neuroimaging studiesFractional anisotropyWhite matter hyperintensity volumeModifiable risk factorsWhite matter injuryPresence of denturesMendelian randomizationMiddle-aged personsFA scoreMiddle-aged participantsLoose teethCardiovascular diseaseHyperintensity volumeBrain MRIModifiable processEarly interventionInteraction Between Frailty and Dementia—Reply
Gill T, Vander Wyk B, Becher R. Interaction Between Frailty and Dementia—Reply. JAMA Surgery 2023, 158: 889-889. PMID: 37017979, DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2023.0381.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersPolygenic Susceptibility to Hypertension and Cognitive Performance in Middle-aged Persons Without Stroke or Dementia
Rivier C, Szejko N, Renedo D, Noche R, Acosta J, Both C, Sharma R, Torres-Lopez V, Payabvash S, de Havenon A, Sheth K, Gill T, Falcone G. Polygenic Susceptibility to Hypertension and Cognitive Performance in Middle-aged Persons Without Stroke or Dementia. Neurology 2023, 101: e512-e521. PMID: 37295956, PMCID: PMC10401683, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207427.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAssociations Between Frailty and the Increased Risk of Adverse Outcomes Among 38,950 UK Biobank Participants With Prediabetes: Prospective Cohort Study
Cao X, Li X, Zhang J, Sun X, Yang G, Zhao Y, Li S, Hoogendijk E, Wang X, Zhu Y, Allore H, Gill T, Liu Z. Associations Between Frailty and the Increased Risk of Adverse Outcomes Among 38,950 UK Biobank Participants With Prediabetes: Prospective Cohort Study. JMIR Public Health And Surveillance 2023, 9: e45502. PMID: 37200070, PMCID: PMC10236284, DOI: 10.2196/45502.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultiple adverse outcomesChronic kidney diseaseDiabetes-related microvascular diseaseAdverse outcomesCause mortalityCardiovascular diseaseMiddle-aged adultsUK Biobank participantsHigh riskMicrovascular diseaseEye diseaseIncident type 2 diabetes mellitusType 2 diabetes mellitusProportional hazards regression modelsBiobank participantsMultivariable-adjusted modelsProspective cohort studyHazards regression modelsNormal glucose metabolismDiabetes-related burdenDiabetes-related diseasesHealth care resourcesNonfrail counterpartsFrailty assessmentCohort studyPragmatic evaluation of events and benefits of lipid lowering in older adults (PREVENTABLE): Trial design and rationale
Joseph J, Pajewski N, Dolor R, Sellers M, Perdue L, Peeples S, Henrie A, Woolard N, Jones W, Benziger C, Orkaby A, Mixon A, VanWormer J, Shapiro M, Kistler C, Polonsky T, Chatterjee R, Chamberlain A, Forman D, Knowlton K, Gill T, Newby L, Hammill B, Cicek M, Williams N, Decker J, Ou J, Rubinstein J, Choudhary G, Gazmuri R, Schmader K, Roumie C, Vaughan C, Effron M, Cooper‐DeHoff R, Supiano M, Shah R, Whittle J, Hernandez A, Ambrosius W, Williamson J, Alexander K, Group P. Pragmatic evaluation of events and benefits of lipid lowering in older adults (PREVENTABLE): Trial design and rationale. Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society 2023, 71: 1701-1713. PMID: 37082807, PMCID: PMC10258159, DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18312.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOlder adultsHigh-intensity statin therapyRandomized pragmatic clinical trialCognitive testingBenefits of lipidInitiation of statinsBenefits of statinsNational Death Index searchEffect of statinsPragmatic clinical trialsCommunity-dwelling adultsMild cognitive impairmentLow participant burdenBaseline cognitive testingElectronic health recordsCardiovascular deathCardiovascular eventsCoronary revascularizationLipid panelStatin therapyStatin useUnstable anginaHeart failurePrimary outcomeMyocardial infarction
2022
The Geriatric Emergency Care Applied Research (GEAR) network approach: a protocol to advance stakeholder consensus and research priorities in geriatrics and dementia care in the emergency department
Hwang U, Carpenter C, Dresden S, Dussetschleger J, Gifford A, Hoang L, Leggett J, Nowroozpoor A, Taylor Z, Shah M, Bellolio M, Biese K, Binkley C, Bott N, Brody A, Carpenter C, Clark S, Dresden S, Forester S, Gettel C, Goldberg E, Greenberg A, Hammouda N, Han J, Hastings N, Hogan T, Hung W, Hwang U, Kayser J, Kennedy M, Ko K, Lesser A, Linton E, Liu S, Malsch A, Melady C, Morrow-Howell N, Nassisi D, Nerbonne L, Nyamu S, Ohuabunwa U, Platts-Mills T, Ragsdale L, Richardson L, Ringer T, Rosen A, Rosenberg M, Shah M, Skains R, Skees S, Souffront K, Stabler L, Sullivan C, Suyama J, Vargas S, Vaughan E, Voils C, Wei D, Allore H, Aloysi A, Belleville M, Bellolio M, Betz M, Biese K, Brandt C, Carnahan R, Carr D, Chin-Hansen J, Daven M, Degesys N, Ellenbogen M, Escobedo M, Falvey J, Gill T, Gilmore-Bykovskyi A, Goldberg E, Han J, Hardy J, Hastings S, Hirshon J, Hogan T, Hung W, Isaacs E, Kelly K, Kennedy M, Kind A, Malicki C, Malone M, Marottoli R, Moccia M, Mor V, Morris J, Howell N, Nowroozpoor A, Ohuabunwa U, Oiyemhonlan B, Perry W, Raven M, Rising K, Sano M, Stabler L, Sullivan C, Suyama J, Swartzberg J, Tolia V, Vann A, Weintraub S, Zieman S, Dussetschleger J, Gifford A, Leggett J, Nowroozpoor A, Taylor Z. The Geriatric Emergency Care Applied Research (GEAR) network approach: a protocol to advance stakeholder consensus and research priorities in geriatrics and dementia care in the emergency department. BMJ Open 2022, 12: e060974. PMID: 35459682, PMCID: PMC9036447, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-060974.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEmergency departmentOlder adultsEmergency careEmergency care needsGeriatric emergency carePriority topic areasPeer-reviewed journalsClinical gapsCare needsResearch prioritiesCare partnersConsensus workshopSystematic reviewHealthcare needsDementia careIntervention impactDissemination of findingsTrial evaluationCareImplementation scienceAdultsResearch NetworkReviewStandardised searchHuman subjects research
2021
The Incidence and Cumulative Risk of Major Surgery in Older Persons in the United States
Becher RD, Vander Wyk B, Leo-Summers L, Desai MM, Gill TM. The Incidence and Cumulative Risk of Major Surgery in Older Persons in the United States. Annals Of Surgery 2021, 277: 87-92. PMID: 34261884, PMCID: PMC8758792, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005077.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMajor surgeryOlder personsCumulative riskNational HealthCommunity-living older personsHigh-quality surgical careNon-frail groupPopulation-based incidenceService Medicare beneficiariesMedicaid Services dataCumulative risk estimatesProspective longitudinal studyUnited States agesAging Trends StudyGeriatric characteristicsRepresentative incidenceFrail groupAdjusted incidenceGeriatric populationProbable dementiaSurgical carePersons 85Medicare beneficiariesSurgeryVulnerable subgroups
2015
The role of intervening hospital admissions on trajectories of disability in the last year of life: prospective cohort study of older people
Gill TM, Gahbauer EA, Han L, Allore HG. The role of intervening hospital admissions on trajectories of disability in the last year of life: prospective cohort study of older people. The BMJ 2015, 350: h2361. PMID: 25995357, PMCID: PMC4443433, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h2361.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsActivities of Daily LivingAgedCohort StudiesConnecticutDementiaDisability EvaluationDisease ProgressionFemaleFrail ElderlyGeriatric AssessmentHospitalizationHumansMaleMultiple Organ FailureNeoplasmsPersons with DisabilitiesPrognosisProspective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexTerminal CareUnited StatesConceptsCourse of disabilityProspective cohort studyHospital admissionTrajectories of disabilitySeverity of disabilityCatastrophic disabilitySevere disabilityCohort studyAcute hospital admissionPalliative care approachMultiple hospital admissionsAdvance care planningPersonal care needsEnd of lifeDisability scoresOlder patientsPotential confoundersOccurrence of admissionMultivariable modelCare planningMAIN OUTCOMECare approachDaily livingCare needsAdmission
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