2025
Corrigendum to “Sociodemographic factors associated with prenatal care utilization in Arkansas, United States” [Prev. Med. Rep. 51(2025) 102983]
McElfish P, Caldwell A, Watson D, Langner J, Callaghan-Koru J, Porter A, Willis D, Andersen J, Hawley N, Selig J, Forati A, Alcala M, White L, Gomez-Pomar E, Brown C. Corrigendum to “Sociodemographic factors associated with prenatal care utilization in Arkansas, United States” [Prev. Med. Rep. 51(2025) 102983]. Preventive Medicine Reports 2025, 55: 103122. PMID: 40589551, PMCID: PMC12207217, DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103122.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGut microbial composition and diversity varies by CREBRF genotype among Samoan infants
Oyama S, Arslanian K, Sardaro M, Duckham R, Kershaw E, Wood A, Fidow U, Naseri T, Reupena M, Amato K, Hawley N. Gut microbial composition and diversity varies by CREBRF genotype among Samoan infants. Physiological Genomics 2025 PMID: 40366801, DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00014.2024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGut microbiotaMicrobiome compositionBacterial gene sequencesDifferentially abundant taxaGut microbial compositionGut microbial diversityMicrobiota community structureOverall microbiome compositionGut microbiome compositionGenotypic differencesDifferential abundance analysisImmune signaling pathwaysEscherichia-Shigella</i>,Low relative abundanceAbundant taxaGene sequencesGut microbiomeMicrobial diversityMicrobial compositionAssociated with functional differencesCommunity structureAssociated with lower relative abundanceMinor A alleleRelative abundanceMicrobiotaValidation of the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA) for use in Samoa
Tanawattanacharoen V, Choy C, Anesi T, Hromi-Fiedler A, Naseri T, Reupena M, Duckham R, Wang D, Hawley N, Soti-Ulberg C. Validation of the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA) for use in Samoa. Journal Of Nutrition 2025, 155: 1474-1484. PMID: 40127734, PMCID: PMC12121424, DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCaribbean Food Security ScaleFood Security ScaleFood insecurityInternal consistencySecurity ScaleDegree of food insecurityChildren's dietary intakeLongitudinal cohort studyRasch modelProtective factorsItem infit statisticsFocus group discussionsObesity riskInfit statisticsContent validityMaternal educationConstruct validityHealthy foodSamoan mothersSamoan womenCohort studyDietary intakeHousehold incomeGroup discussionsCohort characteristicsSerum anti-mullerian hormone levels and age among Samoan women
O’Brien G, Lambert-Messerlian G, Hawley N, Fidow U, Naseri T, Reupena M, Kershaw E, Azar M, Pangburn M, McGarvey S. Serum anti-mullerian hormone levels and age among Samoan women. Reproductive Biology And Endocrinology 2025, 23: 45. PMID: 40108611, PMCID: PMC11921511, DOI: 10.1186/s12958-025-01379-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPCOS prevalencePolycystic ovary syndromeSerum anti-Mullerian hormoneAnti-Mullerian hormoneAnti-Mullerian hormone levelsSamoan womenAssociation of anti-Mullerian hormoneContraceptive useBody mass indexSerum anti-mullerian hormone levelsEthnic minority populationsHormonal contraceptive useAMH levelsAssociated with ageFree androgen indexMinority populationsSex hormone binding globulinReproductive healthAssociated with body mass indexSerum total testosteroneAndrogen indexPrevalence of obesityRelated declineTobacco useAdult womenEquity, ethics and the promise of partnership in genomic medicine
Hawley N, Viali S. Equity, ethics and the promise of partnership in genomic medicine. Nature Genetics 2025, 57: 765-766. PMID: 40065167, DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02131-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPsychosocial correlates of HbA1c among adult Samoans without diabetes
Rivara A, Heinsberg L, Carlson J, Pomer A, Naseri T, Reupena M, Choy C, Wang D, Kershaw E, Viali S, McGarvey S, Hawley N. Psychosocial correlates of HbA1c among adult Samoans without diabetes. PLOS Mental Health 2025, 2: e0000196. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmen.0000196.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPsychosocial factorsSocial supportMental health awarenessHealth promotion materialsAssociated with lower HbA1cBehavioral risk factorsFactors associated with HbA1cHigh social supportHigh-risk populationPsychosocial healthDiabetes careDiabetes prevalencePsychosocial determinantsHealth outcomesDiabetes preventionAdult SamoansPsychosocial variablesParticipant demographicsCorrelation of HbA1cPsychosocial correlatesHealth awarenessSamoan adultsRs373863828 genotypeSelf-efficacyLower HbA1cCross-cultural adaptation of mental health screening instruments for Samoan adolescents
Mew E, Lowe S, Galea’i A, Iopu F, Anderson J, Naseri J, Hunt L, Mulitalo-Cheung T, Fauolo-Manila O, Soliai-Lemusu S, Hawley N, McCutchan-Tofaeono J. Cross-cultural adaptation of mental health screening instruments for Samoan adolescents. PLOS Mental Health 2025, 2: e0000106. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmen.0000106.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMental health screening instrumentCPSS-5Screening instrumentPTSD Symptom Scale-Self-ReportDeliberate Self-Harm QuestionnaireGeneralized Anxiety Disorder 7Measure symptoms of depressionSelf-injurious thoughtsSymptoms of depressionSamoan adolescentsPost-traumatic stressSelf-Harm QuestionnaireAvon Longitudinal Study of ParentsCross-cultural validityLongitudinal Study of ParentsMental health problemsAvon Longitudinal StudyStudy of ParentsGAD-7English language wordsAdolescent focus groupsMeasure symptomsMeasurement equivalenceSelf-reportFocus groupsSociodemographic factors associated with prenatal care utilization in Arkansas, United States
McElfish P, Caldwell A, Watson D, Langner J, Callaghan-Koru J, Porter A, Willis D, Andersen J, Hawley N, Selig J, Forati A, Alcala M, White L, Gomez-Pomar E, Brown C. Sociodemographic factors associated with prenatal care utilization in Arkansas, United States. Preventive Medicine Reports 2025, 51: 102983. PMID: 39990201, PMCID: PMC11847520, DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.102983.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPrenatal care visitsPrenatal carePrenatal visitCare visitsRural/urban residenceNational Center for Health StatisticsCenter for Health StatisticsPrenatal care utilizationBirth record dataSingleton live birthsMedicaid-covered birthsCare utilizationHealth StatisticsResults MothersMaternal educationRacial/ethnic groupsRate ratiosCareRecord dataMaternal ageWhite mothersPrimary outcomeUtilization differencesRural areasStudy populationGestational weight gain and increased risk of cesarean delivery across body mass index categories
MCELFISH P, AYERS B, HAWLEY N, CALDWELL A, PORTER A, MACECHKO M, WATSON D, CALLAGHAN-KORU J, SELIG J, ANDERSEN J, MANNING N, WHITE L, GOMEZ-POMAR E, BROWN C. Gestational weight gain and increased risk of cesarean delivery across body mass index categories. AJOG Global Reports 2025, 5: 100445. PMID: 40027475, PMCID: PMC11869019, DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2025.100445.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRisk of cesarean deliveryGestational weight gainRate of gestational weight gainHealthy pre-pregnancy BMIIncreased risk of cesarean deliveryPre-pregnancy BMIExcessive rate of gestational weight gainExcessive gestational weight gainCesarean deliveryBMI categoriesAssociated with increased risk of cesarean deliveryCesarean delivery riskPre-pregnancy BMI categoriesLow-risk birthsAmerican College of Obstetricians and GynecologistsReduce cesarean deliveryIncreased GWGVital records dataIncreased riskObstetricians and GynecologistsStudy design analysisAssociated with increased riskProportion of womenMaternal healthExcess rateBehavioral and sociodemographic correlates of sleep duration among children in Samoa
von Ash T, Choy C, Dunsiger S, Soti-Ulberg C, Wang D, Reupena M, Duckham R, Naseri T, Hawley N. Behavioral and sociodemographic correlates of sleep duration among children in Samoa. Sleep Health 2025, 11: 57-64. PMID: 39753399, PMCID: PMC11805616, DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2024.10.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSchool-aged childrenSociodemographic correlatesPrimary caregiversSleep durationSleep recommendationsAssociated with longer sleepCorrelates of sleepCorrelates of sleep durationLongitudinal cohort studyShort sleepDietary pattern adherenceAged 2Total carbohydrate intakeData collection wavesNighttime sleepSamoan childrenChildren aged 2Physical activityChild healthSociodemographic characteristicsAdequate sleepCarbohydrate intakeCollection wavesInsufficient sleepRisk factors
2024
Prediction of neonatal survival among Pacific Islander preterm births in the US
Wu B, Taylor S, Shabanova V, Hawley N. Prediction of neonatal survival among Pacific Islander preterm births in the US. PLOS ONE 2024, 19: e0316048. PMID: 39739767, PMCID: PMC11687717, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316048.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGestational ageNeonatal sexBirth weightNeonatal mortalityNeonatal survivalPreterm birthBorn large-for-gestational ageLarge-for-gestational ageObesity-related risk factorsPrediction of neonatal survivalPre-pregnancy obesityGroup of neonatesMortality rateNeonatal mortality rateUnited States National Center for Health StatisticsDeath data filesPacific Islander mothersPredicted survival ratesGestational weeksPre-pregnancyNeonatal deathCongenital anomaliesGestationSurvival rateRisk factorsShaping childhood obesity: behavioral and environmental risk factors associated with body mass index trajectories between 2 and 9 years in Samoan children
Choy C, Johnson W, Naseri T, Filipo V, Arorae M, Tafunaina F, Unasa F, Savusa K, Reupena M, Braun J, Duckham R, Soti-Ulberg C, McGarvey S, Hawley N. Shaping childhood obesity: behavioral and environmental risk factors associated with body mass index trajectories between 2 and 9 years in Samoan children. International Journal Of Obesity 2024, 49: 322-331. PMID: 39472691, PMCID: PMC11805637, DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01665-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBody mass indexDietary pattern adherenceHigher body mass indexPhysical activityNetherlands Physical Activity QuestionnaireRisk factorsBody mass index trajectoriesFood frequency questionnaire dataPhysical Activity QuestionnaireHigh physical activityBody mass index gainBehavioral risk factorsHousehold asset scoreLow household assetsCubic spline regressionAged 2 to 4 yearsAged 2Public health solutionsChildhood risk factorsSamoan childrenActivity QuestionnaireObesity preventionBMI trajectoriesObesity riskHealth solutionsCommunity perspectives on adolescent mental health stigma in American Samoa
Blas V, Mew E, Winschel J, Hunt L, Soliai Lemusu S, Lowe S, Naseri J, Toelupe R, Hawley N, McCutchan-Tofaeono J. Community perspectives on adolescent mental health stigma in American Samoa. PLOS Mental Health 2024, 1: e0000080. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmen.0000080.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMental health stigmaHealth stigmaSelf-stigma of mental illnessLevels of mental health stigmaMental illness-related stigmaMental health care accessIllness-related stigmaHealth care accessMental health burdenMental health servicesStigmatization of mental healthMental health needsSocio-ecological modelMental health challengesMental health concernsMental health stigmatizationOnline focus groupsAmerican SamoaCare accessSelf-stigmaPerceived stigmatizationHealth needsHealth servicesMental illnessMental healthCharacterization of sleep apnea among a sample of adults from Samoa
Heinsberg L, Pomer A, Cade B, Carlson J, Naseri T, Reupena M, Viali S, Weeks D, McGarvey S, Redline S, Hawley N. Characterization of sleep apnea among a sample of adults from Samoa. Sleep Epidemiology 2024, 4: 100099. PMID: 39749350, PMCID: PMC11694763, DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepe.2024.100099.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchApnea-hypopnea indexOxygen desaturation indexSleep apneaCharacteristics of sleep apneaSevere sleep apneaSleep apnea deviceObesity-risk alleleGeographic region of residenceType 2 diabetesInfluence sleep healthHypopnea indexDesaturation indexGlobal public health concernApneaHigher BMIRegion of residenceCircumference ratioMale sexMiddle-income countriesSample of adultsPublic health concernSamoan adultsBMISleep healthHealth concernA group prenatal care intervention reduces gestational weight gain and gestational diabetes in American Samoan women
Hawley N, Faasalele‐Savusa K, Faiai M, Suiaunoa‐Scanlan L, Loia M, Ickovics J, Kocher E, Piel C, Mahoney M, Suss R, Trocha M, Rosen R, Muasau‐Howard B. A group prenatal care intervention reduces gestational weight gain and gestational diabetes in American Samoan women. Obesity 2024, 32: 1833-1843. PMID: 39256170, PMCID: PMC11755376, DOI: 10.1002/oby.24102.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGestational weight gainPostpartum weight changeGestational diabetes screeningClinically important between-group differenceDiabetes screeningGestational diabetesUsual care participantsPrenatal care interventionsMode of birthLow-risk pregnant womenPre-pregnancy obesityAmerican Samoan womenIncidence of gestational diabetesProportion of womenGestational diabetes incidenceInfant birth weightWeight gainBetween-group differencesCare interventionsCare participantsPreliminary effectivenessWeight changeRandom group assignmentDiabetes incidenceHigh-risk settingsEarlier Bedtimes Mediate the Effect of a Brief Behavioral Sleep Intervention on Children's Weight Status
Hart C, Coffman D, Carskadon M, Raynor H, Jelalian E, Owens J, Hawley N, Wing R. Earlier Bedtimes Mediate the Effect of a Brief Behavioral Sleep Intervention on Children's Weight Status. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2024, 276: 114265. PMID: 39214349, PMCID: PMC11645219, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.114265.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchWeather-related inaccessibility of trails used by Inuit subsistence harvesters does not significantly influence retail food sales in Nunavut, Canada
Gilbert S, Ford J, Clark D, Turner L, Fawehinmi T, Caughey A, Stadnyk S, Beddard K, Kolola N, Kaminsky L, Pérez Escamilla R, Jessri M, Hawley N, Dubrow R. Weather-related inaccessibility of trails used by Inuit subsistence harvesters does not significantly influence retail food sales in Nunavut, Canada. ISEE Conference Abstracts 2024, 2024 DOI: 10.1289/isee.2024.0040.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBehavioral Intervention that Extends Sleep Duration Leads to Greater Self-Control in School-Aged Children
Spaeth A, Hawley N, Carskadon M, Raynor H, Jelalian E, Owens J, Wing R, Hart C. Behavioral Intervention that Extends Sleep Duration Leads to Greater Self-Control in School-Aged Children. Journal Of Developmental And Behavioral Pediatrics 2024, 45: e463-e469. PMID: 38990144, PMCID: PMC11483195, DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001303.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTotal sleep timeSelf-controlSleep interventionsSelf-Control Rating ScaleWeeks postrandomizationImpaired self-controlBehavioral sleep interventionsAffected self-controlShorter total sleep timeInteraction effectsBaseline to follow-upSchool-aged childrenBehavioral domainsBehavioral interventionsIntervention conditionRating ScaleEvening preferenceChildren's sleepEnhance caregiversMixed-model ANOVASchool-ageShort sleepExtended sleep durationChronotype QuestionnairePartial correlationPatterns of Dietary Energy, Macronutrients, and Fiber Purchased in 21 Canadian Arctic Grocery Stores by Inuit-Defined Season and Community Size Level
Gilbert S, Jessri M, Turner L, Fawehinmi T, Caughey A, Stadnyk S, Beddard K, Kolola N, Kaminsky L, Ford J, Pérez-Escamilla R, Hawley N, Dubrow R. Patterns of Dietary Energy, Macronutrients, and Fiber Purchased in 21 Canadian Arctic Grocery Stores by Inuit-Defined Season and Community Size Level. Current Developments In Nutrition 2024, 8: 102839. DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102839.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNoncommunicable disease risk behaviors and protective factors among children in Samoa: Retrospective trend analysis of global school-based health surveys in 2011 and 2017
Choy C, Simi S, Soti-Ulberg C, Naseri T, Salinas Y, Hawley N. Noncommunicable disease risk behaviors and protective factors among children in Samoa: Retrospective trend analysis of global school-based health surveys in 2011 and 2017. PLOS Global Public Health 2024, 4: e0003315. PMID: 38861507, PMCID: PMC11166286, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003315.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGlobal School-based Student Health SurveyPrevalence of overweight/obesityNoncommunicable diseasesHealth SurveyNoncommunicable disease risk factorsMultistage stratified cluster sampling designNoncommunicable disease risk behavioursProtective factorsPrevalence of noncommunicable diseasesRisk behaviorsGlobal School-based Health SurveySchool-based Health SurveyPromote healthy behaviorsStudent Health SurveyPrevalence of obesityPublic health actionCluster sampling designStrengthening protective factorsReduce risk behaviorsRetrospective trend analysisPrevalence of riskSedentary behaviorSchool year 9School-aged childrenPhysical activity
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