2025
Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Health Care Expenditures Among Patients Prescribed Semaglutide
Lu Y, Liu Y, Totojani T, Kim C, Khera R, Xu H, Brush J, Krumholz H, Abaluck J. Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Health Care Expenditures Among Patients Prescribed Semaglutide. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e2526013. PMID: 40779264, PMCID: PMC12334959, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.26013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth care expendituresCardiovascular risk factorsCare expendituresCohort studyRisk factorsYale New Haven Health SystemCohort study of adultsType 2 diabetes statusLong-term impactStudy of adultsHealth systemRetrospective cohort studyBlood pressureHemoglobin A1c reductionMain OutcomesTotal cholesterolSentara HealthcareInpatient staySecondary outcomesGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsPrimary outcomeHealthPeptide-1 receptor agonistsAssociated with clinical outcomesAssociated with reductionsFDA Authorization of Therapeutic Devices Under the Breakthrough Devices Program
Kadakia K, Dhruva S, Ross J, Burke J, Johnston J, Ramachandran R, Krumholz H, Rathi V. FDA Authorization of Therapeutic Devices Under the Breakthrough Devices Program. JAMA Internal Medicine 2025, 185: 996-1004. PMID: 40587167, PMCID: PMC12210143, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.2235.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFood and Drug AdministrationFDA review timesFood and Drug Administration authorityFood and Drug Administration dataShort follow-up durationUS Food and Drug AdministrationFollow-up durationDevice programmingEffectiveness end pointCross-sectional studyHigh-risk devicesSurrogate measureTarget timeframePostmarketing studiesMain OutcomesEnd pointsPatient accessDrug AdministrationHigh riskClass IStudy characteristicsTherapeutic devicesClinical testingSurrogate measures of effectivenessMeasures of effectivenessTrends and Key Factors Associated With Racial and Ethnic Differences in Life’s Essential 8 Scores
Yang H, Huang C, Sawano M, Herrin J, Faridi K, Li Z, Spatz E, Krumholz H, Lu Y. Trends and Key Factors Associated With Racial and Ethnic Differences in Life’s Essential 8 Scores. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e2516663. PMID: 40531529, PMCID: PMC12177675, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.16663.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLife's Essential 8 scoreLife's Essential 8Cross-sectional studyWhite differencesEthnic differencesNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyHealth and Nutrition Examination SurveySleep health scoreNutrition Examination SurveyGroup-specific interventionsPrimary positive factorPhysical activityExamination SurveyHealth scoresBlack adultsWhite adultsMain OutcomesAsian adultsOverall scoreEvaluate trendsNicotine exposureEssential 8Blood lipidsAdultsEthnic groupsArtificial Intelligence–Enabled Prediction of Heart Failure Risk From Single-Lead Electrocardiograms
Dhingra L, Aminorroaya A, Pedroso A, Khunte A, Sangha V, McIntyre D, Chow C, Asselbergs F, Brant L, Barreto S, Ribeiro A, Krumholz H, Oikonomou E, Khera R. Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Prediction of Heart Failure Risk From Single-Lead Electrocardiograms. JAMA Cardiology 2025, 10: 574-584. PMID: 40238120, PMCID: PMC12004248, DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2025.0492.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchYale New Haven Health SystemELSA-BrasilPCP-HFNew-onset HFHarrell's C-statisticProspective population-based cohortUK Biobank (UKBBrazilian Longitudinal StudyELSA-Brasil participantsC-statisticPopulation-based cohortIntegrated discrimination improvementReclassification improvementRisk of deathUKB participantsHealth systemRetrospective cohort studyDiscrimination improvementMain OutcomesLeft ventricular systolic dysfunctionHF riskUKBCohort studySingle-lead ECGIndependent of age
2024
Hospital COVID-19 Burden and Adverse Event Rates
Metersky M, Rodrick D, Ho S, Galusha D, Timashenka A, Grace E, Marshall D, Eckenrode S, Krumholz H. Hospital COVID-19 Burden and Adverse Event Rates. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2442936. PMID: 39495512, PMCID: PMC11581512, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42936.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19 burdenHospital admissionPatient safetyRelative riskCohort studyStudy of hospital admissionsAcute care hospitalsRisk-adjustment variablesRisk-adjusted ratesMedicare hospital admissionsCOVID-19 pandemicStaffing shortagesHospital characteristicsMain OutcomesHospital resilienceSurge capacityMedicare patientsCare hospitalHighest burdenPrevent declinesPatient admissionsStudy sampleElixhauser comorbiditiesCOVID-19Low burdenNatural Language Processing of Clinical Documentation to Assess Functional Status in Patients With Heart Failure
Adejumo P, Thangaraj P, Dhingra L, Aminorroaya A, Zhou X, Brandt C, Xu H, Krumholz H, Khera R. Natural Language Processing of Clinical Documentation to Assess Functional Status in Patients With Heart Failure. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2443925. PMID: 39509128, PMCID: PMC11544492, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.43925.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFunctional status assessmentArea under the receiver operating characteristic curveClinical documentationElectronic health record dataHF symptomsOptimal care deliveryHealth record dataAssess functional statusStatus assessmentClinical trial participationProcessing of clinical documentsFunctional status groupCare deliveryOutpatient careMain OutcomesMedical notesTrial participantsNew York Heart AssociationFunctional statusQuality improvementRecord dataHeart failureClinical notesDiagnostic studiesStatus groupsEarly Warning Scores With and Without Artificial Intelligence
Edelson D, Churpek M, Carey K, Lin Z, Huang C, Siner J, Johnson J, Krumholz H, Rhodes D. Early Warning Scores With and Without Artificial Intelligence. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2438986. PMID: 39405061, PMCID: PMC11544488, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38986.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly Warning ScoreWarning ScoreCohort studyYale New Haven Health SystemClinical deterioration eventsHigh-risk thresholdHealth systemRetrospective cohort studyPatient encountersDeteriorating patientsOverall PPVMain OutcomesInpatient encountersEDI scoresHospital encountersDeterioration eventsClinical deteriorationIntensive care unitEarly warning toolCare unitDecision support toolArtificial intelligenceScoresReceiver operating characteristic curveNEWS2Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Faust J, Renton B, Bongiovanni T, Chen A, Sheares K, Du C, Essien U, Fuentes-Afflick E, Haywood T, Khera R, King T, Li S, Lin Z, Lu Y, Marshall A, Ndumele C, Opara I, Loarte-Rodriguez T, Sawano M, Taparra K, Taylor H, Watson K, Yancy C, Krumholz H. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2438918. PMID: 39392630, PMCID: PMC11581672, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38918.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19 public health emergencyNon-HispanicPublic health emergencyOther Pacific IslanderExcess mortalityAlaska NativesUS populationExcess deathsRates of excess mortalityCross-sectional study analyzed dataYears of potential lifeMortality relative riskNon-Hispanic whitesCross-sectional studyPacific IslandersStudy analyzed dataAll-Cause MortalityEthnic groupsMortality disparitiesMortality ratioTotal populationDeath certificatesEthnic disparitiesMain OutcomesDecedent ageBurden of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Across the US From 1990 to 2019
Renedo D, Acosta J, Leasure A, Sharma R, Krumholz H, de Havenon A, Alahdab F, Aravkin A, Aryan Z, Bärnighausen T, Basu S, Burkart K, Coberly K, Criqui M, Dai X, Desai R, Dharmaratne S, Doshi R, Elgendy I, Feigin V, Filip I, Gad M, Ghozy S, Hafezi-Nejad N, Kalani R, Karaye I, Kisa A, Krishnamoorthy V, Lo W, Mestrovic T, Miller T, Misganaw A, Mokdad A, Murray C, Natto Z, Radfar A, Ram P, Roth G, Seylani A, Shah N, Sharma P, Sheikh A, Singh J, Song S, Sotoudeh H, Vervoort D, Wang C, Xiao H, Xu S, Zand R, Falcone G, Sheth K. Burden of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Across the US From 1990 to 2019. JAMA Neurology 2024, 81: 394-404. PMID: 38436973, PMCID: PMC10913004, DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.0190.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBurden of strokeHemorrhagic strokeBurden trendsGlobal burdenGlobal Burden of Disease StudyBurden of Disease StudyAge-standardized ratesAge-standardized estimatesPublic health policiesStroke-related outcomesIschemic strokeCross-sectional studyPublic health challengeCross-sectional analysisStroke mortalityStroke burdenHealth policyOlder adultsMain OutcomesStroke incidenceStroke casesIntracerebral hemorrhageEscalating burdenHealth challengesSignificant disparities
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