Factors associated with the adoption of the WHO Package of Essential Non-Communicable Diseases (PEN) Protocol 1 in primary healthcare settings in Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Timalsena D, Nakarmi C, Mali S, Dhakal A, Bharati A, Bishwokarma A, Adhikari A, Poudel B, Kulung B, Baral P, Bhattarai S, Dixit L, Pokharel Y, Rhodes E, Xu D, Spiegelman D, Shrestha A. Factors associated with the adoption of the WHO Package of Essential Non-Communicable Diseases (PEN) Protocol 1 in primary healthcare settings in Nepal: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2025, 15: e090923. PMID: 40935428, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-090923.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWHO packageNon-communicable diseasesPrimary healthcareBody mass indexCardiovascular disease risk-prediction chartsHealthcare workersCardiovascular diseaseRisk prediction chartsPrimary healthcare settingsPrimary healthcare facilitiesPrimary healthcare centresBlood glucose screeningCardiovascular disease riskLow-resource settingsCross-sectional studyAssociated with accessBMI assessmentHealthcare settingsSystemic barriersProvider motivationBlood pressure measurementsAvailability of metforminRisk chartsPrediction chartsHealthcare facilities
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