2003
Retinoids and Drugs of Abuse: Implications for Neurological Disease Risk in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection
Royal W, Vlahov D, Lyles C, Gajewski C. Retinoids and Drugs of Abuse: Implications for Neurological Disease Risk in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2003, 37: s427-s432. PMID: 14648459, DOI: 10.1086/377554.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionVirus type 1 infectionType 1 infectionDrug usersSeronegative control subjectsRetinoic acidDevelopment of HIVInjection drug usersTumor necrosis factorNervous system diseasesLevels of retinolMononuclear cell lineNeurological disease riskTrans retinoic acidDrugs of abuseRetinoid administrationClinical outcomesRetinol-binding proteinImmunomodulatory effectsControl subjectsNecrosis factorSystem diseasesNeurological diseasesHIVDisease risk
2001
Effect of a Single Amino Acid Change in MHC Class I Molecules on the Rate of Progression to AIDS
Gao X, Nelson G, Karacki P, Martin M, Phair J, Kaslow R, Goedert J, Buchbinder S, Hoots K, Vlahov D, O'Brien S, Carrington M. Effect of a Single Amino Acid Change in MHC Class I Molecules on the Rate of Progression to AIDS. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 344: 1668-1675. PMID: 11386265, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200105313442203.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRate of progressionHIV-1 infectionClass IHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionDifferent peptide-binding specificitiesVirus type 1 infectionRisk of progressionT lymphocyte responsesInfluence of HLAType 1 infectionHIV-1 epitopesSubtypes of HLAHLA class IPeptide-binding specificityMHC class I moleculesAmino acid changesComplex class ISingle amino acid changeClass I moleculesReactive HLAImmunodeficiency syndromeRelated HLAPx groupCommon HLAHIV-1Initial Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels and Progression to AIDS in Women and Men
Sterling T, Vlahov D, Astemborski J, Hoover D, Margolick J, Quinn T. Initial Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels and Progression to AIDS in Women and Men. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 344: 720-725. PMID: 11236775, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200103083441003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultAnti-HIV AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountDisease ProgressionDisease-Free SurvivalEligibility DeterminationFemaleHIV AntibodiesHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansLongitudinal StudiesMalePractice Guidelines as TopicRegression AnalysisReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRiskRNA, ViralSex FactorsViral LoadConceptsInitial viral loadMedian initial viral loadHIV-1 RNAViral loadLymphocyte countHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionPlasma HIV-1 RNA levelsHIV-1 RNA levelsHIV-1 RNA copiesFemale injection drug usersVirus type 1 infectionHIV-1 seroconversionMedian initial CD4Risk of progressionHIV-1 infectionType 1 infectionInjection drug usersLikelihood of progressionRate of progressionAntiretroviral therapyInitial CD4Hazard ratioAntiretroviral treatmentTreatment guidelinesImmunodeficiency syndrome
1996
An International Collaborative Study of the Effects of Coinfection with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type II on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Disease Progression in Injection Drug Users
Hershow R, Galai N, Fukuda K, Graber J, Vlahov D, Rezza G, Klein R, Jarlais D, Vitek C, Khabbaz R, Freels S, Zuckerman R, Pezzotti P, Kaplan J. An International Collaborative Study of the Effects of Coinfection with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type II on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Disease Progression in Injection Drug Users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1996, 174: 309-317. PMID: 8699060, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/174.2.309.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersCD4 cell percentCell percentHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease progressionHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionDrug usersInfected injection drug usersVirus type 1 infectionHuman T-lymphotropic virus type IIHIV seroconversion datesHTLV-II infectionType 1 infectionProportional hazards modelEffect of coinfectionSeroconversion datesCohort studyHIV infectionHTLV infectionDisease progressionAIDS mortalityHTLV-IIHazards modelRate of declineInternational collaborative studyWestern blotRE: “DETERMINANTS OF HIV DISEASE PROGRESSION AMONG HOMOSEXUAL MEN REGISTERED IN THE TRICONTINENTAL SEROCONVERTER STUDY” AND “PROGRESSION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 (HIV-1) INFECTION AMONG HOMOSEXUAL MEN IN HEPATITIS B VACCINE TRIAL COHORTS IN AMSTERDAM, NEW YORK CITY, AND SAN FRANCISCO, 1978–1991”
Zwahlen M, Vlahov D, Hoover D. RE: “DETERMINANTS OF HIV DISEASE PROGRESSION AMONG HOMOSEXUAL MEN REGISTERED IN THE TRICONTINENTAL SEROCONVERTER STUDY” AND “PROGRESSION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 (HIV-1) INFECTION AMONG HOMOSEXUAL MEN IN HEPATITIS B VACCINE TRIAL COHORTS IN AMSTERDAM, NEW YORK CITY, AND SAN FRANCISCO, 1978–1991”. American Journal Of Epidemiology 1996, 143: 523-525. PMID: 8610669, DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008775.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1993
Increased Mortality Associated With Vitamin A Deficiency During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection
Semba R, Graham N, Caiaffa W, Margolick J, Clement L, Vlahov D. Increased Mortality Associated With Vitamin A Deficiency During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. JAMA Internal Medicine 1993, 153: 2149-2154. PMID: 8379807, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1993.00410180103012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionHIV-1-seropositive individualsVirus type 1 infectionCD4 T cellsHIV-1 infectionType 1 infectionPlasma vitaminT cellsHIV-1-seronegative individualsMean plasma vitaminLow CD4 levelsIntravenous drug usersHIV-seropositive participantsBlood cell countImportant risk factorNormal immune functionMumol/LCD4 levelsSeronegative individualsImmunologic statusSerologic markersClinical outcomesLiver diseaseSeropositive individualsIncreased MortalityDetection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction in a Cohort of Seronegative Intravenous Drug Users
Farzadegan H, Vlahov D, Solomon L, Muñoz A, Astemborski J, Taylor E, Burnley A, Nelson K. Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction in a Cohort of Seronegative Intravenous Drug Users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1993, 168: 327-331. PMID: 8335969, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/168.2.327.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSeronegative intravenous drug usersIntravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionVirus type 1 infectionType 1 infectionPolymerase chain reactionDrug usersHIV-1 infectionHIV-1 antibodiesChain reactionLarge cohortBlood specimensProviral DNAInfectionCohortPCR analysisPersonsSerologyFollowVisitsAntibodiesMonths
1992
Effect of Chronic Substance Abuse on the Neuropsychological Performance of Intravenous Drug Users with a High Prevalence of HIV-1 Seropositivity
Concha M, Graham N, Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Royal W, Updike M, Nance-Sproson T, Seines O, McArthur J. Effect of Chronic Substance Abuse on the Neuropsychological Performance of Intravenous Drug Users with a High Prevalence of HIV-1 Seropositivity. American Journal Of Epidemiology 1992, 136: 1338-1348. PMID: 1362630, DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116446.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsBaltimoreBlack or African AmericanCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesChronic DiseaseCognition DisordersConfounding Factors, EpidemiologicEducational StatusEmploymentEvaluation Studies as TopicFemaleHIV SeropositivityHIV SeroprevalenceHIV-1HumansLeukocyte CountLinear ModelsMaleMass ScreeningNeuropsychological TestsPopulation SurveillancePredictive Value of TestsPrisonsPsychomotor PerformanceSubstance Abuse, IntravenousConceptsNeuropsychological test performanceHIV-1 seropositivityIntravenous drug usersTest performanceNeuropsychological performancePractice effectsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionDrug usersVirus type 1 infectionSubstance abuseSignificant practice effectsHIV-1 serostatusType 1 infectionIntravenous Experience (ALIVE) studyFrequency of drugChronic substance abuseNeuropsychological functioningCognitive performanceImmunodeficiency syndromeAsymptomatic stageHigh prevalenceOutcome measuresDrug useIntoxicated individualsMultivariate analysis
1991
New Evidence on Intravenous Cocaine Use and the Risk of Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
Anthony J, Vlahov D, Nelson K, Conn S, Astemborski J, Solomon L. New Evidence on Intravenous Cocaine Use and the Risk of Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. American Journal Of Epidemiology 1991, 134: 1175-1189. PMID: 1746528, DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultBaltimoreBiasCausalityCocaineConfounding Factors, EpidemiologicFemaleHealth BehaviorHIV InfectionsHIV SeroprevalenceHIV-1HumansLogistic ModelsMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrevalenceProspective StudiesSexual BehaviorSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSurveys and QuestionnairesConceptsIntravenous drug usersDrug treatment programsCocaine injectorsDrug usersHIV seroprevalenceHIV infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionTreatment programActive intravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1Virus type 1 infectionImmunodeficiency virus type 1Preliminary prospective dataIntravenous cocaine useType 1 infectionReceptive anal intercourseMultiple logistic regressionRisk of infectionVirus type 1HIV seroconversionPresent studyExcess riskProspective dataIntravenous usePresent study sample
1989
Temporal trends of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among inmates entering a statewide prison system, 1985-1987.
Vlahov D, Brewer F, Muñoz A, Hall D, Taylor E, Polk B. Temporal trends of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among inmates entering a statewide prison system, 1985-1987. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1989, 2: 283-90. PMID: 2786071.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1Virus type 1 infectionImmunodeficiency virus type 1Incoming male inmatesHIV-1 seroprevalenceIntravenous drug useType 1 infectionImmune deficiency syndromeCause of deathRisk of infectionVirus type 1Drug use variablesWestern blot techniqueCrude prevalenceRisk factorsUnivariate analysisDeficiency syndromeHIV-1Temporal trendsDrug usersDrug useExcess serumIncoming inmates